石香薷中化学成分的研究

从石香薷（Ｍｏｓｌａ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｍａｘｉｍ ．）中分离到１０ 个化合物,经光谱分析、化学方法及与已知化合物对照,分别鉴定为：６－甲基三十三烷（１）、β－谷甾醇（２）、熊果酸（３）、５－羟基－６,７－二甲氧基黄酮（４）、５－羟基－６－甲基－７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃木糖（３→１）－β－Ｄ－吡喃木糖双氢黄酮甙（５）、５,７－二羟基－４－甲氧基黄酮（６）、洋芹素（７）、山奈素－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（８）、桑色素－７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（９）、鼠李柠檬素－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－芹糖（１→５）芹糖－４－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（１０）。其中,化合物５和１０ 为新化合物     

云南含笑中的新倍半萜醇

从云南含笑ＭｉｃｈｅｌｉａｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓＦｒ．ｅｘＦｉｎ．ｅｔＧａｇｎ中分离得到１个新的倍半萜醇,命名为１２,１３－ｄｉ－ａｃｅｔｏｘｙｌ－１．４．６１１－ｅｕｄｅｓｍａｎｅｔｅｔｏｌ,以及３个已知的倍半萜内酯１β－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙａｒｂｕｓｃｕｌｉｎＡ２,ｒｅｙｎｏｓｉｎ３,ｐａｒｔｈｅｎｏｌｉｄｅ４和３个木脂素３－（α,４－ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－３－ｍｅｔｈｏｘｙｂｅｎｚｙｌ）－４－（４－     

四川清风藤根皮中三萜成分的研究

从四川清风藤（Ｓａｂｉａ ｓｃｈｕｍ ａｎｎｉａｎａ Ｄｉｅｌｓ）的根皮分离到５ 个三萜化合物,根据理化常数、波谱分析及配合衍生物制备,分别鉴定为：３－氧,Δ１１,１３（１８）－齐墩果二烯（１）、３,１１－二氧,Δ１２－齐墩果烯（２）、３β－羟基,Δ１１,１３（１８）－齐墩果二烯（３）、３－氧,１１α－羟基,Δ１２－齐墩果烯（４）和３β,１１α－二羟基,Δ１２－齐墩果烯（５）。其中,４为新化合物     

德钦红景天的化学成分

从云南产德钦红景天Ｒｈｏｄｉｏｌａ ａｔｕｎｔｓｕｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｐｒａｅｇ．） Ｆｕ 的根及根茎中首次分离得到８ 个化合物。根据各项光谱数据及化学反应鉴定其中一个新黄酮甙的结构为３ , ５ , ７ , ８ － 四羟基－黄酮４′－ 氧－ α－ Ｌ－ 鼠李糖吡喃甙, 命名为德钦红景天甙（ｒｈｏｄｉｏｌａｔｕｎｔｏｓｉｄｅ, ２） , 另外７ 个已知化合物分别是草质素－ ８ － 甲醚（ｈｅｒｂａｃｅｔｉｎ － ８ － ｍｅｔｈｙｌｅｔｈｅｒ,１） , 槲皮素（ｑｕｅｒｃｅｔｉｎ ,３） , 芦丁（ｒｕｔｉｎ,４） , 酪醇（ｔｙｒｏｓｏｌ,５） , 红景天甙（ｓａｌｉｄｒｏｓｉｄｅ,６） , 没食子酸（ｇａｌｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,７） 和β－谷甾醇（ － ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ,８） 。     

麻疯树根的化学成分研究

从麻疯树（Ｊａｔｒｏｐｈａ ｃｕｒｃａｓ Ｌ．）的根中分离到１３ 个化合物,经理化常数和波谱鉴定（ＩＲ、１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ、１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ、ＥＩＭＳ和ＦＡＢＭＳ）分别为∶５α－豆甾烷－３,６－二酮（１）、川皮甙（２）、β－谷甾醇（３）、蒲公英脑（４）、２Ｓ－正二十四饱和脂肪酸甘油酯－１（５）、５－羟基－６,７－二甲氧基香豆素（６）、麻疯树酚酮Ａ（７）、麻疯树酚酮Ｂ（８）、６－甲氧基－７－羟基香豆素（９）、ｃａｎｉｏｊａｎｅ （１０）、３－羟基－４－甲氧基－苯甲醛（１１）、３－甲氧基－４－羟基苯甲酸（１２）和胡萝卜甙（１３）． 其中,化合物５ 为未见报道的新化合物,化合物１、２、９、１０、１１、１２ 为首次从该植物中分得,１０ 为含有过氧基团的二萜化合物． ７ 和８ 为一对四环二萜的立体异构体,并在碱中相互转化     

长管假茉莉的化学成分

从药用植物长管假茉莉（Ｃｌｅｒｏｄｅｎｄｒｕｍｉｎｄｉｃｕｍ）中分离鉴定了８个化合物,通过波谱分析及已知数据对照,分别鉴定为３,４－二羟基苯乙醇（３,４－ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｐｈｅｎｙｌｅｔｈａｒｏｌ,１）,粗毛豚草素（ｈｉｓｐｉｄｕｌｉｎ,２）粗毛豚鼠素葡萄糖醛酸苷（ｈｉｓｐｄｕｌｉｎ７－Ｏ－ｇｌｕｃｕｒｏｎｉｄｅ,３）泽兰叶黄素（ｅｕｐａｆｏｌｉｎ,４）黄芩素苷（ｓｅｃｕｔｅｌｌａｒｅｉｎ,５）     

鞭打绣球中的苯丙素甙和环烯醚萜甙

从鞭打绣球（ＨｅｍｉｐｈｒａｇｍａｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍＷａｌｌ．）（玄参科）的全草中分离到２个新的苯丙素甙,命名为鞭打绣球甙Ａ和Ｂ（ｈｅｍｉｐｈｒｏｓｉｄｅＡａｎｄＢ）,２个已知的苯丙素甙,ｐｌａｎｔａｍａｊｏｓｉｄｅ和ｐｌａｎｔａｉｎｏｓｉｄｅＤ,以及３个已知的环烯醚萜甙,ｇｌｏｂｕｌａｒｉｃｉｓｉｎ,ｇｌｏｂｕｌａｒｉｎ和ｉｓｏ－ｓｃｒｏｐｈｕｌａｒｉｏｓｉｄｅ．通过化学和光谱分析,鞭打绣球甙Ａ和Ｂ的结构分别鉴定为２－（３－羟基－４－甲氧基苯基）乙基０－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→３）－４－Ｏ－反式阿魏醚基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖试和２－（３,４－二羟基苯基）乙基Ｏ－［６－Ｏ－乙醚基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→３）］－４－Ｏ－反式咖啡醚基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙．     

草乌中生物碱的化学研究

从草乌－北乌头（Ａｃｏｎｉｔｕｍ ｋｕｓｎｅｚｏｆｆｉｉ Ｒｅｉｃｈｂ．）的块根－中分离得到１６个单体成分,据波谱方法分别鉴定为：乌头碱（ａｃｏｎｉｔｉｎｅ,１）、３－脱氧乌头碱（３－ｄｅｏｘｙａｃｏｎｉｔｉｎｅ,２）、中乌头碱（ｍｅｓａｃｏｎｉｔｉｎｅ,３）、北乌碱（ｂｅｉｗｕｔｉｎｅ,４）、次乌头碱（ｈｙｐａｃｏｎｉｔｉｎｅ,５）、１０－羟基乌头碱（ａｃｏｎｉｆｉｎｅ,６）、１４－苯甲酰乌头原     

藤山柳的化学成分

从藤山柳〖Ｃｌｅｍａｔｏｃｌｅｔｈｒａ ｓｃａｎｄｅｎｓ（Ｆｒａｎｃｈ．）Ｍａｘｉｍ〗根茎甲醇提取物的石油醚和波谱分析,分离出８个化合物,经理化常数和波谱分析,分别鉴定为：７－羧基贝壳杉烯内酯（１）,蒲公英赛烷醇（２）,桦木酸（３）,乌苏酸（４）,２α,３α,２３－三羟基乌苏－１２－烯－２８－酸（５０,２α３α２３－三羟基乌苏－１２,２０（３０）－二烯－２８０酸（６）,豆甾－４－烯－３,６－二酮（     

宝兴卫矛甾体成分研究

从宝兴卫矛（Ｅｕｏｎｙｍｕｓ ｍｕｐｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｌｏｅｓ ｅｔ Ｒｅｈｄ）中分离得到６个化合物,分别鉴定为：豆甾－４－烯－３,６－二酮（１）,ｓｔｉｇｍａｓｔａｎｅ－３β,６α－ｄｉｏｌ（２）,ｓｔｉｇｍａｓｔａｎｅ－３β,５,６α－ｔｒｉｏｌ（３）,３β－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－５α,８α－ｅｐｉｄｉｏｃｙｅｒｇｏｓｔａ－６Ｅ,２２Ｅ－ｄｉｅｎｅ（４）,β－谷甾醇（５）,胡萝卜甙（６）,化合物１￣４     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.