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The blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, one of the most devastating rice pathogens in the world, shows biotin-dependent growth. We have developed a strategy for
creating disease resistance to M. oryzae whereby intercellular production of tamavidin 1, a biotin-binding protein from Pleurotus cornucopiae occurs in transgenic rice plants. The gene that encodes tamavidin 1, fused to the sequence for a secretion signal peptide
derived from rice chitinase gene, was connected to the Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter, and the resultant construct
was introduced into rice. The tamavidin 1 was accumulated at levels of 0.1–0.2% of total soluble leaf proteins in the transgenic
rice and it was localized in the intercellular space of rice leaves. The tamavidin 1 purified from the transgenic rice was
active, it bound to biotin and inhibited in vitro growth of M. oryzae by causing biotin deficiency. The transgenic rice plants showed a significant resistance to M. oryzae. This study shows the possibility of a new strategy to engineer disease resistance in higher plants by taking advantage of
a pathogen’s auxotrophy. 相似文献
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Inhibitory Action of Biofungicide Physcion on Initial and Secondary Infection of Magnaporthe oryzae
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Rice blast, caused by the ascomycete fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive plant diseases in the world and a serious threat to global food security. Biofungicide physcion, extracted from roots of Chinese traditional herb rhubarb, has been commercialized to control cucumber powdery mildew (Podosphaera fuliginea) in China as a new active and environmentally‐friendly ingredient. This study investigated its bioactivity on rice blast and impact on the infection of M. oryzae. Physcion was effective on M. oryzae with 50% inhibition concentration of 18.19 mg/l on the fungus mycelium growth in vitro and provided 86 and 98% control efficacy in vivo at the concentrations of 40 and 60 mg/l, respectively. It inhibited the initial infection of M. oryzae by inhibiting growth of mycelia, the germination of conidia and the formation of appressoria. Moreover, it inhibited the secondary infection of the fungus at the concentration of 40 mg/l, but had no influence at the low concentrations of 1.25–20 mg/l. So physcion might be a promising natural plant extract that is worthy of being explored to apply on the control of rice blast. 相似文献
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Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani, are among the most important pathogens of rice, severely limiting its productivity. Dm-AMP1, an antifungal plant defensin from Dahlia merckii, was expressed in rice (Oryza sativa L. sp. indica cv. Pusa basmati 1) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Expression levels of Dm-AMP1 ranged from 0.43% to 0.57% of total soluble protein in transgenic plants. It was observed that constitutive expression of
Dm-AMP1 suppresses the growth of M. oryzae and R. solani by 84% and 72%, respectively. Transgenic expression of Dm-AMP1 was not accompanied by an induction of pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression, indicating that the expression of DmAMP1
directly inhibits the pathogen. The results of in vitro, in planta and microscopic analyses suggest that Dm-AMP1 expression has the potential to provide broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice. 相似文献
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Osa‐miR164a targets OsNAC60 and negatively regulates rice immunity against the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
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Zhaoyun Wang Yeqiang Xia Siyuan Lin Yanru Wang Baohuan Guo Xiaoning Song Shaochen Ding Liyu Zheng Ruiying Feng Shulin Chen Yalin Bao Cong Sheng Xin Zhang Jianguo Wu Dongdong Niu Hailing Jin Hongwei Zhao 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2018,95(4):584-597
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A cyst nematode effector binds to diverse plant proteins,increases nematode susceptibility and affects root morphology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Gennady Pogorelko Parijat S. Juvale William B. Rutter Tarek Hewezi Richard Hussey Eric L. Davis Melissa G. Mitchum Thomas J. Baum 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2016,17(6):832-844
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The DnaJ protein OsDjA6 negatively regulates rice innate immunity to the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
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Xionghui Zhong Jiuxia Yang Yanlong Shi Xuli Wang Guo‐Liang Wang 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2018,19(3):607-614
Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (synonym: Pyricularia oryzae), severely reduces rice production and grain quality. The molecular mechanism of rice resistance to M. oryzae is not fully understood. In this study, we identified a chaperone DnaJ protein, OsDjA6, which is involved in basal resistance to M. oryzae in rice. The OsDjA6 protein is distributed in the entire rice cell. The expression of OsDjA6 is significantly induced in rice after infection with a compatible isolate. Silencing of OsDjA6 in transgenic rice enhances resistance to M. oryzae and also results in an increased burst of reactive oxygen species after flg22 and chitin treatments. In addition, the expression levels of WRKY45, NPR1 and PR5 are increased in OsDjA6 RNAi plants, indicating that OsDjA6 may mediate resistance by affecting the salicylic acid pathway. Finally, we found that OsDjA6 interacts directly with the E3 ligase OsZFP1 in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that the DnaJ protein OsDjA6 negatively regulates rice innate immunity, probably via the ubiquitination proteasome degradation pathway. 相似文献
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Transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Pusa basmati 1), overexpressing the Rs-AFP2 defensin gene from the Raphanus sativus was generated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Expression levels of Rs-AFP2 ranged from 0.45 to 0.53% of total soluble protein in transgenic plants.
It was observed that constitutive expression of Rs-AFP2 suppresses the growth of Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani by 77 and 45%, respectively. No effect on plant morphology was observed in the Rs-AFP2 expressing rice lines. The inhibitory
activity of protein extracts prepared from leaves of Rs-AFP2 plants on the in vitro growth of M. oryzae indicated that the Rs-AFP2 protein produced by transgenic rice plants was biologically active. Transgene expression of Rs-AFP2
was not accompanied by an induction of pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression, suggesting that the expression of Rs-AFP2
directly inhibits the pathogens. Here, we demonstrate that transgenic rice plants expressing the Rs-AFP2 gene show enhanced
resistance to M. oryzae and R. solani, two of the most important pathogens of rice. 相似文献
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Controlling and Defence‐related Mechanisms of Bacillus Strains Against Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice
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Ahmed S. A. Elshakh Syed Ishtiaq Anjum Wen Qiu Abdulwareth A. Almoneafy Wang Li Zhang Yang Zhou‐Qi Cui Bin Li Guo‐Chang Sun Guan‐Lin Xie 《Journal of Phytopathology》2016,164(7-8):534-546
Bacillus strains are broadly studied for their beneficial role in plant growth and biological control of plant disease and pest; however, little is known about their underlying mechanisms. In this study, we assessed the controlling and defence‐related mechanisms of three Bacillus strains including rice seed‐associated strain B. subtilis A15, rhizobacterial strains B. amyloliquefaciens D29 and B. methylotrophicus H8, all of which are against bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Results indicated that all three strains showed strong biofilm formation ability. The culture filtrates of each strain significantly suppressed the growth and biofilm formation of X. oryzae, while changes in bacterial cell morphology such as cell swell and severe cell wall alterations were observed through the transmission electron microscopy images. PCR analysis revealed that all three strains harbour the antimicrobial‐associated genes that are responsible for biosynthesis of bacillomycin, fengycin, iturin and surfactin. Subsequent real‐time qPCR analysis revealed the upregulated expression of fenD and srfAA genes in D29 and H8, and fenD and ituC genes in A15 during their in vitro interaction with X. oryzae. It suggests that the antibacterial mechanisms of the three strains may be at least partially associated with their ability to secrete corresponding lipopeptides. Interestingly, the applications of the three strains in greenhouse conditions were found to be effective in controlling the BLB disease, which was achieved through the activation of inducing systemic resistance resulted from the enhanced activities of defence‐related enzymes. This is the first report of demonstration of the mode of antibacterial effect of Bacillus strains against X. oryzae. Overall, data from the current study provide valuable information for biological control of BLB disease in rice. 相似文献
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Tubby-like protein family has been identified in various multicellular organisms, indicating its fundamental functions in
the organisms. However, the roles of plant tubby-like proteins are unknown. In this study, we have defined the tubby-like
protein gene (OsTLP) family with 14 members in rice. Most of the OsTLPs harbor a tubby domain in their carboxyl terminus and an F-box domain
in the amino terminus. The expression of all the OsTLPs was induced on infection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, which causes bacterial blight, one of the most devastating diseases of rice worldwide. The maximal expression levels were
observed at 2–8 h after infection for all the genes. Eight of the 14 OsTLPs were also responsive to wounding. All the OsTLPs showed differential expression in different tissues at different developmental stages. However, four pairs of the 14 OsTLPs, with each pair having high sequence similarity and distributing on the similar position of different chromosomes, showed
similar expression pattern in different tissues, indicating their direct relationship in evolution. These results suggest
that the OsTLP family is involved in host–pathogen interaction and it may be also associated with other physiological and developmental
activities.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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Rice overexpressed thaumatin-like protein gene and the proteins from the leaf blades of 2-week-old transgenic rice seedlings
were fractionated into cytosolic and membrane fractions, and separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
and stained with Commassie brilliant blue. Among of 440 detected proteins, 5 proteins were up-regulated and 5 proteins were
down-regulated by the overexpression of thaumatin-like protein. In the sense thaumatin-like protein transgenic rice and/or
in rice inoculated with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xo7435), 2-cys peroxiredoxin, thaumatin-like protein and glycine cleavage H protein were up-regulated, while oxygen evolving
complex protein 2 was down-regulated. These results suggest that thaumatin-like protein-mediated disease resistance of rice
against bacterial blight disease is the results of changes in proteins related to oxidative stress and energy metabolism in
addition to changes in proteins related to defence. 相似文献
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We investigated the effect of 2,6‐dimethoxy‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DMBQ) on induced resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae in rice. DMBQ concentrations greater than 50 μg/ml inhibited spore germination and appressorium formation in M. oryzae. When rice leaves pretreated with 10 μg/ml DMBQ, which did not show antifungal activity against spore germination and appressorium formation of M. oryzae, were inoculated with M. oryzae spores 5 days after DMBQ pretreatment, blast lesion formation was inhibited compared with control leaves pretreated with distilled water. In addition, infection‐inhibiting activity against M. oryzae was significantly enhanced in rice leaf sheaths pretreated with 10 μg/ml DMBQ. H2O2 generation was observed in rice leaves pretreated with DMBQ, and PAL, POX, CHS and PR10a were significantly expressed in these leaves. These results suggested that DMBQ can protect rice from blast disease caused by M. oryzae. 相似文献
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Ning Li Lingguang Kong Wenhui Zhou Xia Zhang Shutong Wei Xinhua Ding Zhaohui Chu 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2013,115(3):429-441
Os2H16, a rice gene of unknown function, has been previously reported to be upregulated in response to infection by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. In this study, expression patterns of Os2H16 were analyzed, demonstrating that expression of Os2H16 was dramatically induced by both bacterial and fungal infection as well as by drought stress, but repressed by salt treatment. To further investigate the role of Os2H16 in plant defense responses to abiotic and biotic stresses, transgenic lines of rice were developed. In comparison with wild-type rice, transgenic lines overexpressing Os2H16 show enhanced tolerance to bacterial blight and sheath blight disease, respectively caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani. On the contrary, Os2H16 knockdown lines were more susceptible to both pathogens. Consistent with their individual phenotypes, upon inoculation, the expression of defense-related marker genes were elevated in Os2H16 overexpression individuals than in wild-type, while they were significantly reduced in Os2H16 knockdown lines. We also show that Os2H16 overexpression lines display enhanced tolerance to drought stress and elevated induction of drought-related genes, compared to wild-type rice. Os2H16 knockdown lines were more sensitive to drought stress and exhibited reduced induction of drought-related genes. Our study provides the first functional characterization of the rice Os2H16 gene, and suggests that Os2H16 positively modulate plant defense to abiotic and biotic stress. 相似文献
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Mj-AMP2, a knottin-type antimicrobial peptide, in vitro inhibits the growth of several plant pathogenic fungi including Magnaporthe oryzae. We demonstrate that transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants expressing the Mj-AMP2 gene show enhanced resistance to M. grisea, the causal agent of the rice blast disease. Mj-AMP2 was efficiently expressed and the level of Mj-AMP2 ranged from 0.32% to 0.38% of the total protein in the transgenic rice plants. In vitro inhibitory activity assays with the crude protein extract from transgenic rice indicated that the Mj-AMP2 protein produced was biologically active. Constitutive expression of Mj-AMP2 in transgenic rice reduces the growth of M. grisea by 63% with respect to untransformed control plant, and no effect on plant phenotype was observed. Transgene expression of Mj-AMP2 gene was not accompanied by an induction of pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression indicating that the transgene product itself is directly active against the pathogen. The results presented in this study suggest that the Mj-AMP2 gene could be a useful candidate for protection of rice plants against the rice blast fungus M. grisea. 相似文献
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OsASR2 regulates the expression of a defence‐related gene,Os2H16, by targeting the GT‐1 cis‐element
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Ning Li Shutong Wei Jing Chen Fangfang Yang Lingguang Kong Cuixia Chen Xinhua Ding Zhaohui Chu 《Plant biotechnology journal》2018,16(3):771-783
The GT‐1 cis‐element widely exists in many plant gene promoters. However, the molecular mechanism that underlies the response of the GT‐1 cis‐element to abiotic and biotic stresses remains elusive in rice. We previously isolated a rice short‐chain peptide‐encoding gene, Os2H16, and demonstrated that it plays important roles in both disease resistance and drought tolerance. Here, we conducted a promoter assay of Os2H16 and identified GT‐1 as an important cis‐element that mediates Os2H16 expression in response to pathogen attack and osmotic stress. Using the repeated GT‐1 as bait, we characterized an abscisic acid, stress and ripening 2 (ASR2) protein from yeast‐one hybridization screening. Sequence alignments showed that the carboxy‐terminal domain of OsASR2 containing residues 80–138 was the DNA‐binding domain. Furthermore, we identified that OsASR2 was specifically bound to GT‐1 and activated the expression of the target gene Os2H16, as well as GFP driven by the chimeric promoter of 2 × GT‐1‐35S mini construct. Additionally, the expression of OsASR2 was elevated by pathogens and osmotic stress challenges. Overexpression of OsASR2 enhanced the resistance against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani, and tolerance to drought in rice. These results suggest that the interaction between OsASR2 and GT‐1 plays an important role in the crosstalk of the response of rice to biotic and abiotic stresses. 相似文献
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Chuanqin Zheng Nan Jiang Xinhui Zhao Tianze Yan Jun Fu Yanfeng Li Zhongxiu Wu Xiaochun Hu Zhenan Bai Tiangang Liu Gui Xiao Yanbiao Zhou Liangbi Chen Kai Wang Yuanzhu Yang 《Journal of Phytopathology》2020,168(4):211-219
Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae), is one of the most destructive and widespread plant diseases in the world. Utilization of resistance genes in rice breeding is considered to be an effective and economical method to control this disease. To identify new sources of blast resistance, a set of 1160 introgression lines (ILs) containing chromosome segments of Chaling common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) in the genetic background of an elite indica rice variety 93-11 were developed and phenotyped in the blast nursery. Thirty-three ILs displaying stable blast resistance in three consecutive years were obtained. Among them, one line, IL1043, was subsequently found to be resistant to all of the 28 M. oryzae isolates from different regions through artificial inoculation in greenhouse. By combining bulk segregant analysis coupled with next-generation sequencing (BSA-seq) and recessive class analysis (RCA), a major blast resistance gene in IL1043, designated Picl(t), was mapped on rice chromosome 6 flanked by the markers RM527 and Indel6 with an interval of approximately 925 kb, which covers the Pi2/9 locus. These results will facilitate fine mapping and cloning of Picl(t), and the linked markers will further provide a useful tool for rice blast resistance breeding. 相似文献