共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Youko Oono Yuhya Wakasa Sakiko Hirose Lijun Yang Chiyoko Sakuta Fumio Takaiwa 《Plant biotechnology journal》2010,8(6):691-718
The common neurodegenerative disorder known as Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by cerebral neuritic plaques of amyloid β (Aβ) peptide. Plaque formation is related to the highly aggregative property of this peptide, because it polymerizes to form insoluble plaques or fibrils causing neurotoxicity. Here, we expressed Aβ peptide as a new causing agent to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to study ER stress occurred in plant. When the dimer of Aβ1–42 peptide was expressed in maturing seed under the control of the 2.3‐kb glutelin GluB‐1 promoter containing its signal peptide, a maximum of about 8 μg peptide per grain accumulated and was deposited at the periphery of distorted ER‐derived PB‐I protein bodies. Synthesis of Aβ peptide in the ER lumen severely inhibited the synthesis and deposition of seed storage proteins, resulting in the generation of many small and abnormally appearing PB bodies. This ultrastructural change was accounted for by ER stress leading to the accumulation of aggregated Aβ peptide in the ER lumen and a coordinated increase in ER‐resident molecular chaperones such as BiPs and PDIs in Aβ‐expressing plants. Microarray analysis also confirmed that expression of several BiPs, PDIs and OsbZIP60 containing putative transmembrane domains was affected by the ER stress response. Aβ‐expressing transgenic rice kernels exhibited an opaque and shrunken phenotype. When grain phenotype and expression levels were compared among transgenic rice grains expressing several different recombinant peptides, such detrimental effects on grain phenotype were correlated with the expressed peptide causing ER stress rather than expression levels. 相似文献
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Jiahe Wu Chuanfeng Zhu Jinhuan Pang Xiangrong Zhang Chunlin Yang Guixian Xia Yingchuan Tian Chaozu He 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2014,80(6):1118-1130
Seed germination is a key developmental process in the plant life cycle that is influenced by various environmental cues and phytohormones through gene expression and a series of metabolism pathways. In the present study, we investigated a C2C2‐type finger protein, OsLOL1, which promotes gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis and affects seed germination in Oryza sativa (rice). We used OsLOL1 antisense and sense transgenic lines to explore OsLOL1 functions. Seed germination timing in antisense plants was restored to wild type when exogenous GA3 was applied. The reduced expression of the GA biosynthesis gene OsKO2 and the accumulation of ent‐kaurene were observed during germination in antisense plants. Based on yeast two‐hybrid and firefly luciferase complementation analyses, OsLOL1 interacted with the basic leucine zipper protein OsbZIP58. The results from electrophoretic mobility shift and dual‐luciferase reporter assays showed that OsbZIP58 binds the G‐box cis‐element of the OsKO2 promoter and activates LUC reporter gene expression, and that interaction between OsLOL1 and OsbZIP58 activates OsKO2 gene expression. In addition, OsLOL1 decreased SOD1 gene expression and accelerated programmed cell death (PCD) in the aleurone layer of rice grains. These findings demonstrate that the interaction between OsLOL1 and OsbZIP58 influences GA biosynthesis through the activation of OsKO2 via OsbZIP58, thereby stimulating aleurone PCD and seed germination. 相似文献
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Xiaofeng Ai Ruoyu Xiong Xueming Tan Haixia Wang Jun Zhang Yongjun Zeng Xiaohua Pan Qinghua Shi Taoju Liu Yanhua Zeng 《Phyton》2022,91(6):1257-1267
High temperature (HT) accompanied with strong light (SL) often occurs in early indica rice production during
grout filling stage in southern China, which accelerates grain ripening. Two indica rice cultivars with different
amylose content (Zhongjiazao17, ZJZ17, high amylose content; Xiangzaoxian45, XZX45, low amylose content)
were grown under control (CK), HT, and HT+SL conditions during grout filling to determine the effects on grain
yield and quality of rice. The results showed that compared with CK, HT and HT+SL significantly reduced the
1000-grain weight and filled grain rate whether in high or low amylose content early indica rice cultivars during
grout filling, resulting in a significantly lower grain yield. Meanwhile, HT and HT+SL significantly decreased the
milled rice rate, brown rice rate and head rice rate, whereas significantly increased chalky rate and chalky degree;
and breakdown decreased and setback, pasting temperature increased in the cultivars, leading to the poor processing, appearance and cooking and eating quality of early indica rice cultivars. Compared with HT, the yield of
ZJZ17 was significantly decreased under HT+SL, due to the lower 1000-grain weight. However, the effect of
HT+SL on rice quality varied in the cultivars. In general, the yield and rice quality of ZJZ17 were relatively poor
under HT+SL. Our results suggested that HT and HT+SL during grout filling had significant damage to the yield
and quality of early indica rice cultivars, especially HT+SL, while the high amylose cultivar ZJZ17 showed a higher
negative effect under HT+SL. 相似文献
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Profiling the Expression of Genes Controlling Rice Grain Quality 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Rice provides a staple source of energy, protein and other nutrients to half of the world population. Over 90 of the rice
seeds consists of starch and protein by dry weight. The quantity and property of starch and protein thus play a dominant role
in the yield and quality of rice. The amylase content of starch is a determining factor in the eating and cooking quality
while the amount and essential amino acids balance of storage proteins affect the nutritional quality of rice. In China, the
super-hybrid rice currently under the last phase of development has a 35 yield advantage over the best inbred rice varieties.
However, its grain quality needs further improvement. This study reported the expression patterns of 44 genes participating
in starch, storage protein, and lysine synthesis in the developing rice grain. Field grown rice cultivar 9311, the paternal line of an elite super-hybrid rice LYP9with its draft genomic sequence released, was used as plant material. Results revealed diverse yet coordinated expression
profiles of the genes involved in the three pathways which lead to the final composition and property of starch, protein and
lysine that determine the quality of rice, providing useful information for rice quality improvement. 相似文献
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Makoto Hakata Masaharu Kuroda Tomomi Miyashita Takeshi Yamaguchi Mikiko Kojima Hitoshi Sakakibara Toshiaki Mitsui Hiromoto Yamakawa 《Plant biotechnology journal》2012,10(9):1110-1117
High temperature impairs rice (Oryza sativa) grain filling by inhibiting the deposition of storage materials such as starch, resulting in mature grains with a chalky appearance, currently a major problem for rice farming in Asian countries. Such deterioration of grain quality is accompanied by the altered expression of starch metabolism‐related genes. Here we report the involvement of a starch‐hydrolyzing enzyme, α‐amylase, in high temperature‐triggered grain chalkiness. In developing seeds, high temperature induced the expression of α‐amylase genes, namely Amy1A, Amy1C, Amy3A, Amy3D and Amy3E, as well as α‐amylase activity, while it decreased an α‐amylase‐repressing plant hormone, ABA, suggesting starch to be degraded by α‐amylase in developing grains under elevated temperature. Furthermore, RNAi‐mediated suppression of α‐amylase genes in ripening seeds resulted in fewer chalky grains under high‐temperature conditions. As the extent of the decrease in chalky grains was highly correlated to decreases in the expression of Amy1A, Amy1C, Amy3A and Amy3B, these genes would be involved in the chalkiness through degradation of starch accumulating in the developing grains. The results show that activation of α‐amylase by high temperature is a crucial trigger for grain chalkiness and that its suppression is a potential strategy for ameliorating grain damage from global warming. 相似文献
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Anas Iqbal Huimin Xie Liang He Shakeel Ahmad Izhar Hussain Haneef Raza Abdullah Khan Shangqin Wei Zhao Quan Ke Wu Izhar Ali Ligeng Jiang 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2021,28(2):1283-1296
Improving grain filling in the presernt farming systems is crucial where grain filling is a concern due to the extreme use of chemical fertilizers (CF). A field experiment was conducted at the experimental station of Guangxi University, China in 2019 to test the hypothesis that cattle manure (CM) and poultry manure (PM) combined with CF could improve rice grain filling rate, yield, biochemical and qualitative attributes. A total of six treatments, i.e., no fertilizer (T1), 100% CF (T2), 60% CM + 40% CF (T3), 30% CM + 70% CF (T4), 60% PM + 40% CF (T5), and 30% PM + 70% CF (T6) were used in this study. Results showed that the combined treatment T6increased starch metabolizing enzymes activity (SMEs), such as ADP-glucose phosphorylase (ADGPase) by 8 and 12%, soluble starch synthase (SSS) by 7 and 10%, granule bound starch synthesis (GBSS) by 7 and 9%, and starch branching enzyme (SBE) by 14 and 21% in the early and late seasons, respectively, compared with T2. Similarly, higher rice grain yield, grain filling rate, starch, and amylose content were also recorded in combined treatments. In terms of seasons, higher activity of SMEs , grain starch, and amylose content was noted in the late-season compared to the early season. The increment in these traits was mainly attributed to a lower temperature in the late season during the grain filling period. Furthermore, our results suggested that an increment in starch accumulation and grain filling rate were mainly associated with the enhanced sink capacity by regulating key enzyme activities involved in Suc-to-starch conversion. In-addition, RT-qPCR analysis showed higher expression levels of AGPS2b, SSS1, GBSS1, and GBSE11b genes, which resultantly increased the activities of SMEs during the grain filling period under combined treatments. Linear regression analysis revealed that the activity of ADGPase, SSS, GBSS, and SBE were highly positively correlated with starch and amylose accumulation. Thus, we concluded that a combination of 30% N from PM or CM with 70% N from CF is a promising option in terms of improving rice grain yield and quality. Our study provides a sustainable fertilizer management strategy to enhance rice grain yield and quality at the lowest environmental cost. 相似文献
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During grain filling,starch and other nutrients accumulate in the endosperm;this directly determines grain yield and grain quality in crops such as rice(Oryza sativa),maize(Zea mays),and wheat(Triticum aestivum).Grain filling is a complex trait affected by both intrinsic and environmental factors,making it difficult to explore the underlying genetics,molecular regulation,and the application of these genes for breeding.With the development of powerful genetic and molecular techniques,much has bee... 相似文献
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Growth characteristics and endosperm structure of superior and inferior spikelets of indica rice under high-temperature stress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y. Y. Cao Y. H. Chen M. X. Chen Z. Q. Wang C. F. Wu X. C. Bian J. C. Yang J. H. Zhang 《Biologia Plantarum》2016,60(3):532-542
Heat stress severely reduces rice yield and quality; however, differences between the superior, early-flowering and inferior, later-flowering spikelets of indica rice in response to high-temperature stress during grain filling remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of high temperature (HT, 33.6/20.7 °C day/night) on growth, endosperm structure, and hormone and polyamine content of superior and inferior spikelets of heat-sensitive (SG-1) and heat-tolerant (HHZ) indica cultivars. The HT decreased fertilization rate, caused earlier grain filling, and reduced duration of grain filling, thus resulting in decreased grain mass and a poor endosperm structure. In addition, soluble sugar and sucrose content increased, and starch synthesis decreased by HT at the early stage of grain filling. The HT increased polyamine [spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm)] and abscisic acid (ABA) content, but reduced zeatin (Z) + zeatin riboside (ZR) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content in the grains. Such effects were more apparent in the inferior than superior spikelets; however, the inferior spikelets of SG-1 were more affected than those of HHZ. At the middle grain filling stage, HT produced little difference between the two cultivars. Our results suggest that the poor development of inferior spikelets of SG-1 under the HT could be attributed, at least in part, to the changed content and ratios of free polyamines [putrescine (Put), Spd, and Spm] and phytohormones (Z+ZR, IAA, and ABA) and the conversion efficiency of sucrose into starch. 相似文献
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Ting Peng Hongzheng Sun Yanxiu Du Jing Zhang Junzhou Li Yanxia Liu Yafan Zhao Quanzhi Zhao 《PloS one》2013,8(1)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are upstream gene regulators of plant development and hormone homeostasis through their directed cleavage or translational repression of the target mRNAs, which may play crucial roles in rice grain filling and determining the final grain weight and yield. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was performed to survey the dynamic expressions of miRNAs and their corresponding target genes at five distinct developmental stages of grain filling. In total, 445 known miRNAs and 45 novel miRNAs were detected with most of them expressed in a developmental stage dependent manner, and the majority of known miRNAs, which increased gradually with rice grain filling, showed negatively related to the grain filling rate. Detailed expressional comparisons revealed a clear negative correlation between most miRNAs and their target genes. It was found that specific miRNA cohorts are expressed in a developmental stage dependent manner during grain filling and the known functions of these miRNAs are involved in plant hormone homeostasis and starch accumulation, indicating that the expression dynamics of these miRNAs might play key roles in regulating rice grain filling. 相似文献