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1.
Claudia Simões Norma Albarello Cátia Henriques Callado Tatiana Carvalho de Castro Elisabeth Mansur 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,98(1):79-86
Alternative methods for in vitro shoot culture of Cleome rosea, a Brazilian herbaceous species with ornamental value and medicinal potential, were evaluated. A protocol for rapid in vitro
multiplication of roots, a valuable source of medicinal compounds, was also developed. Stem explants were cultured in liquid
media (continuous immersion and paper bridge), while root explants were cultivated in continuous immersion and on solidified
media. The highest numbers of shoots, 20 ± 4.6 shoots/explant, were obtained from stem explants incubated in a continuous
immersion system in a liquid medium supplemented with 2.2 μM BA. Root explants cultivated in liquid media produced only hyperhydrous
adventitious shoots. However, these explants generated 5.8 ± 0.8 shoots/explant by indirect organogenesis when cultivated
on solidified medium supplemented with 2.2 μM BA. In addition, root multiplication was achieved in liquid medium in the presence
of α-naphthaleneacetic acid. Adventitious shoots developed on newly formed roots when inoculated on solidified medium supplemented
with 2.2 μM BA. Shoot microcuttings developed roots when transferred onto solidified MS medium without growth regulators.
Rooted microcuttings were efficiently acclimatized when transferred ex vitro. 相似文献
2.
Mats Thulin 《Nordic Journal of Botany》1992,12(4):423-426
The new species Maerua purpurascens (southern Somalia, on stabilized dune near coast) and Cleome kersiana (northern Somalia, on semi-desert gravel plain) are described and illustrated. 相似文献
3.
Vijai Singh Karwasara Vinod Kumar Dixit 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2012,48(2):189-199
The effects of carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, and copper on cell growth and production of the isoflavone puerarin by suspension cultures of Pueraria tuberosa (Roxb. ex. Willd.) DC were investigated. Among the various sugars evaluated (glucose, galactose, fructose, maltose, and sucrose), use of sucrose in the medium led to the maximum accumulation of puerarin. A sucrose-feeding strategy in which additional sucrose was added to the flasks 15?d into the culture cycle stimulated both cell biomass and puerarin production. The maximum production of puerarin was obtained when a concentration balance of 20:60?mM NH 4 + /NO 3 ? was used as the nitrogen source. Alteration in the concentration balance of nitrogen components (NH 4 + /NO 3 ? 60:20?mM) or the use of either NH 4 + or NO 3 ? alone decreased biomass production and puerarin accumulation compared with the control culture (NH 4 + /NO 3 ? 20:20?mM). High amounts of phosphate (2.5 and 5?mM) in the medium inhibited puerarin production whereas 0.625?mM phosphate promoted puerarin production (68.3???g/g DW on day?25). An increase in Cu2+ concentration from 0.025 to 0.05?mg/l in the P. tuberosa cell culture medium resulted in a 2.2-fold increase in puerarin production (up to 141???g/g DW on day?25) but reduced cell culture biomass. 相似文献
4.
5.
Callus cultures were initiated from leaf sections of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cv. Royalty. Explants from younger leaves produced significantly more calli than those from older leaves. Anderson's salt mixture was more efficient for callus induction than the Murashige-Skoog medium. The best propagation and growth of calli was observed on Anderson's medium supplemented with 9 M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 4.9 M indolebutyric acid and 4.9 M 6-(dimethylallylamino)-purine. During a 28-day period, the fresh weight of calli increased approximately five times. The same medium without agar was used for establishing cell suspension cultures. Fresh weight of cells increased four times and dry weight approximately doubled during 10 days of culture.Abbreviations 2,4-d
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- 2iP
6-(dimethylallylamino)-purine
- IBA
indolebutyric acid
- MS
Murashige & Skoog basal salt medium 相似文献
6.
Summary Friable calli were obtained fromAchillea millefolium L. hypocotyls, in Gamborg B5 medium, supplemented with 1.5mg.1–1 2,4-D / 0.1mg.1–1 Kin, and used for the production of cell suspension cultures in the same liquid medium. The growth pattern of the cultures was determined in permanent light or dark conditions and with different inoculum densities, basal media, growth regulators and sucrose concentrations. Different sources and nitrogen amounts were assayed to study the effect on yarrow cell growth. The conditions found to be optimal for growth of yarrow cell suspension cultures were: 70g (f.w.).1–1 of initial inoculum in Gamborg B5 medium, supplemented with 1.5mg. 1–1 2,4-D / 0.1mg.1–1 Kin, NO3
–/NH4
+ (30/lmM), and 2% sucrose, in darkness. In these culture conditions the cell suspensions showed a doubling time of 35–40h.Abbreviations 2,4-D
dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- NAA
naphtalenacetic acid
- BA
benzyladenine
- Kin
Kinetin 相似文献
7.
Mats Thulin 《Nordic Journal of Botany》2002,22(2):215-218
Four species of Cleome with small flowers, 6 stamens, petals without appendages, spreading to erect capsules, and hairy seeds, are recognized in the Horn of Africa region: C. socotrana in the Socotra archipelago (Yemen), C. hadramautica , sp. nov., in southern Yemen, C. omanensis , comb, nov., in the Mahrah Region of Yemen and in Oman, and C. albescens in northern Somalia. C. socotrana is lectotypified and a key to the species treated is provided. 相似文献
8.
This study focused on enhancing the production of plumbagin, an anticancer compound, in embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Plumbago rosea. Elicitation techniques have been reported to enhance plumbagin production. Cell suspension cultures raised from embryogenic calli induced from in vitro leaf explants were exposed to different concentrations of jasmonic acid, yeast extract and different auxin combinations. Influence of these on cell growth, biomass and plumbagin production was studied. To our knowledge this is the first report on elicitation of embryogenic cell suspension cultures of P. rosea for enhanced plumbagin production. Elicitor treated suspension cultures exhibited decreased culture viability and increased plumbagin synthesis. A maximum of 5.59-fold enhancement of plumbagin production was observed in cultures added with 1 mg L?1 naphthalene acetic acid after 6 days of incubation. Viability of cultures decreased with increased concentration of elicitors and prolonged incubation period. Application of elicitors in cell suspension cultures induces defense related responses which lead to increased secondary metabolite production for making the cells adapt to the situation. If the stressed condition persists or is in intolerable level this will eventually lead to programmed cell death and loss of culture viability. 相似文献
9.
Eshita Steven M. Kamalay Joseph C. Gingas Vicki M. Yaussy Daniel A. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2000,61(3):245-249
Cell suspension cultures of Dutch elm disease (DED)-tolerant and DED-susceptible American elms clones have been established
and characterized as prerequisites for contrasts of cellular responses to pathogen-derived elicitors. Characteristics of cultured
elm cell growth were monitored by A700 and media conductivity. Combined cell growth data for all experiments within a genotype showed relatively low variances and
between-genotype contrasts during repeated passages showed no significant differences. Subculturing exponentially growing
cells at 8–14 day intervals, within readily measured parameters of media conductivity (4.95–4.2 mmhos) and cell concentration
(≥ 1.4 A700), consistently resulted in repeatable profiles of elm cell growth and minimized lag phase. Culture cells were essentially
homogeneous after 5 subculture passages and their overall appearance was stable. We conclude that the described procedure
resulted in consistent cultures suitable for elicitor treatment experiments.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
Herlânder Azevedo Alberto Dias Rui Manuel Tavares 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2008,93(1):115-121
We report the establishment of a Pinus pinaster (Ait.) cell suspension culture in a modified MS medium supplemented with 2 mg ml−1 2,4-D and 1 mg ml−1 BA. Calli were obtained from seedling root segments and established a friable isodiametric cell suspension, suitable for in vitro studies
of maritime pine at the cellular level. Growth (dry weight), cell viability, pH, and nutrient consumption: carbon source (sucrose,
fructose and glucose), nitrogen source (ammonia and nitrate) and phosphate were monitored over 24 h. Suspension cells exhibited
a 15-day exponential growth stage, during which a biphasic consumption profile was observed for all nutrients. Phosphate was
the first limiting nutrient and preferable consumption was observed for glucose over fructose and nitrate over ammonium. 相似文献
11.
Effects of exogenous methyl jasmonate in elicited anthocyanin-producing cell cultures of ohelo (Vaccinium phalae) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yimin Fang M. A. L. Smith M. -F. Pépin 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1999,35(1):106-113
Summary Elicitation of anthocyanin-producing cells of ohelo (Vaccinium pahalae) by both biotic (purified β-glucan and chitosan) and abiotic [sodium ferric ethylenediamine di-(o-hydroxyphenylacetate) FeEDDHA, and CuSO4] elicitors resulted in significant enhancement of anthocyanin accumulation. Anthocyanin production increased up to 1.8 and
1.5-fold over the control in the presence of abiotic elicitors (90 μM FeEDDHA and 20 μM CuSO4, respectively), and increased 1.9 and 1.6-fold in the presence of biotic elicitors (10 mg L−1 β-glucan and 100 mg L−1 chitosan). Maximum anthocyanin production with the two most effective elicitors was achieved when cultures were treated on
Day 3 (β-glucan) or Day 0 (FeEDDHA) after the initiation of fresh cell cultures. A concentration-dependent response was exhibited
by cultures treated with exogenous methyl jasmonate (MJ). The addition of 0.5 μM MJ alone provoked a 2–3-fold increase in anthocyanin production over that of the control; however, no additive effect on
anthocyanin production was observed in any treatments which combined MJ and β-glucan or FeEDDHA. Conditioning of the cells
with a preculture in either MJ, β-glucan, or FeEDDHA similarly did not enhance anthocyanin production. Inoculation of cultures
elicited by MJ or β-glucan with ibuprofen, a reported inhibitor of jasmonate biosynthesis, dramatically stimulated, rather
than inhibited, anthocyanin production, resulting in levels of accumulation beyond any of the tested elicitor combinations.
Hypotheses for the observed influence of ibuprofen in this system are discussed. 相似文献
12.
Summary A yellowish, nodular callus was induced from mature embryos of Elymus giganteus Vahl on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg/l kinetin, from which a cell suspension culture was initiated in liquid MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D, 1.0 mg/l kinetin and 0.2 mg/1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). By filtering through a series of sieves with decreasing mesh sizes and collecting the resultant filtrate, a suspension culture composed mainly of single embryogenic cells was established. In a medium containing 0.3 mg/l 2,4-D, 1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) and 500 mg/l casein hydrolysate (CH), the single cells underwent direct somatic embryogenesis resulting in the formation of proembryos. These proembryos developed into mature embryos when placed in a double-layer liquid overlay culture. Intact plants were developed from somatic embryos when they were transferred onto solidified MS medium without added growth regulators. 相似文献
13.
The biochemistry of cell-wall regeneration in protoplasts obtained from Vinca rosea L. (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) cells grown in suspension culture by isolating the regenerated wall and the extracellular polysaccharides of protoplasts cultured for various periods, and investigating their composition. Gas-liquid chromatography and tracer studies with D-[U-14C]glucose showed that the sugar composition of the extracellular polysaccharides was similar to that of the original cell culture, consisting mainly of polyuronide and 3,6-linked arabinogalactan. the regenerated cell wall was composed of non-cellulosic glucans having 1,3- and 1,4-linkages, while its content in pectic and hemicellulosic components was very low. 相似文献
14.
Norma Albarello Claudia Simões Paula Faria Gonçalves Rosas Tatiana Carvalho de Castro Márcia Garcia Gianfaldoni Cátia Henriques Callado Elisabeth Mansur 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2006,42(6):601-606
Summary Two independent experiments were performed to establish micropropagation of Cleome spinosa from stem segments. In the first experiment, direct shoot organogenesis on hypocotyl explants from 2-mo.-old nursery-grown
seedlings was obtained on Murashige and Skoog medium with different combinations of benzyladenine (BA) and 6-furfurylaminopurine,
added either individually or in combination. Best proliferation rates occurred in the presence of 2.2 and 4.4 μM BA and the highest mean number of shoots was produced in response to 4.4 μM BA. In the second experiment, regeneration via direct organogenesis was also obtained from nodal and internodal segments
of axenic plants cultured in the presence of BA (4.4 and 8.8 μM) in association with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.57 and 1.14 μM). Internodal explants were the most responsive on all media tested. The best mean number of shoots per explant was achieved
on medium with 4.4 μM BA in association with 0.57 μM IAA. Histological studies of the globular structures formed at the apical portion of the explants revealed direct shoot regeneration
and adventitious shoot differentiation from meristematic centers around the vascular bundles of the primary regenerants. All
shoots elongated and rooted on MS0 medium. The acclimatization rates ranged between 70 and 84%. Plants reached to maturity
and flowered 4 mo. after transfer to ex vitro conditions. 相似文献
15.
Figueiredo Solange Faria Lua Simões Cláudia Albarello Norma Campos Viana Vera Regina 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2000,63(2):85-92
Different types and concentrations of plant growth regulators were tested in order to obtain the best callus and cell suspension
culture growth conditions of Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill. (Annonaceae). Picloram was shown to be the most efficient for induction and production of friable calluses,
independent of the concentration used. Cellular morphology and viability, fresh and dry weights, pH and medium sugar concentration
were determined for cell suspension cultures. Dissimilation curves were used for the characterization of the growth of cell
suspension cultures. Picloram provided the most rapid growth and produced the highest biomass, with little variation in morphology
(differentiated cells). It also provided the highest dissimilation, when compared with cell suspension cultures maintained
in media with 2,4-D or NAA + BA + GA3. Stable cell suspension cultures can be established in MS medium supplemented with 20.8 μM picloram.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
Antara Ghosh T. R. Ganapathi Pravendra Nath V. A. Bapat 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,97(2):131-139
Establishment of an efficient protocol for regeneration and genetic transformation is required in banana for the incorporation
of useful traits. Therefore an efficient method has been developed for somatic embryogenesis, plant regeneration and transformation
of Cavendish banana cultivar Robusta (AAA). Embryogenic cell suspension culture (ECS) was established using immature male
flowers. Percentage appearance of embryogenic callus and distinct globular embryos was 10.3 and 11.1, respectively. ECS obtained
was cocultivated under different cocultivation conditions with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harboring pCAMBIA 1301 plant expression vector. Up to 30 transgenic plants/50 mg settled cell volume (SCV)
was obtained with cocultivation in semisolid medium whereas no transgenics could be obtained with parallel experiments carried
out in liquid medium. Histochemical GUS assay in different tissues of putatively transformed plants demonstrated expression
of uidA gene. Among the putatively transformed plants obtained, a set of 4 were confirmed by PCR analysis and stable integration
of the transgene by Southern analysis. GUS specific activity measured by a MUG (4-methylumbelliferyl-β-d-glucuronide) based flourometric assay revealed increase in transient GUS expression in semisolid as well as liquid cocultivation
with centrifugation. This is the first report showing somatic embryogenesis and Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation using embryogenic cell suspension cultures in an important Cavendish banana cultivar Robusta. The
present protocol will make possible agronomic improvement of this important commercially grown cultivar by introduction of
disease resistance characteristics and antisense-mediated delayed fruit ripening strategies. Further, it will also assist
in functional characterization of new gene or promoter elements isolated from this or other cultivars of banana. 相似文献
17.
18.
Furmanowa Mirosława Hartwich Małgorzata Alfermann August W. Koźmiński Wiktor Olejnik Marian 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1999,56(2):105-110
The paper discusses glycosylation of trans-cinnamyl alcohol to obtain the biologically active compound rosavin and possibly
other cinnamoylglycosides. Cell suspension cultures of Rhodiola rosea were established from callus of leaf origin cultured
under light in a modified Murashige and Skoog medium. Under these conditions, no rosavin was formed. However, when trans-cinnamyl
alcohol (2.5 mM; in MeOH) was added to the medium, after 72 h incubation cells transformed over 90% of the cinnamyl alcohol
into a number of unidentified products. The structure of potential rosavin accumulated in intracellular spaces was elucidated
as [3-phenyl-2-propenyl-O-(6'-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl) -β-D-glucopyranoside] by means of chemical and spectral analysis using
TLC, HPLC, UV, LSIMS and NMR methods. Rosavin yields of 0.03–1.01% dry weight were obtained. The actual amount depended on
the cell strain cultured and the biotransformation period.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
《Plant science》1986,45(2):111-117
Friable callus (type 2) was selected from three genotypes (A188, hybrid A188 × B73, and hybrid B73 × A188) of Zea mays L. The three genotypes of type 2 callus doubled in fresh weight after 1 week, and growth was better on N6 than on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium. Type 2 callus of hybrid B73 × A188 was maintained in culture longer than A188 type 2 callus, and it regenerated higher numbers of plants than the other two genotypes. Type 2 callus of the hybrid B73 × A188 was used to establish cell suspensions. Suspension cells initially grew better on N6 than on MS medium, but after several months of subculture, cells in either N6 or MS medium grew at similar rates. Suspension cells were in mid-log phase by 5–7 days and in stationary phase by about 10 days depending on inoculum density. Growth rate was optimal when cells were transferred at mid-low phase and dry weight of the suspension cells increased at least 10-fold during a 10-day period. Suspension cells from 9-month-old cultures plated on solid medium regenerated plants at an efficiency similar to that of the friable type 2 callus but with more phenotypic abnormalities. Thus, cell suspensions derived from type 2 B73 × A188 callus, in culture for over 1 year, were capable of regenerating plants when 9-months old. 相似文献
20.
Callus and suspension cultures derived from leaf explants of Plumbago rosea were established and plumbagin, a naphthoquinone, was isolated from them and confirmed by 1H NMR and electron-ionization mass spectroscopy. Maximum content of plumbagin was obtained in the stationary phase of growth (4.3 mg g–1 dry cell wt). Media pH, phytohormones and carbon sources were optimized for biomass and plumbagin accumulation. Cell aggregates, measuring 500 m in diam, produced 8.2 g dry cell wt l–1, but larger aggregates (above 500 m) favored plumbagin accumulation with an yield of 4.5 mg g–1 dry cell wt. 相似文献