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1.
巴豆属植物化学成分及药理作用研究进展   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
综述近年来巴豆属植物化学成分及其活性成分和药理作用。提出在化学成分、构效关系、药理等方面均需要进一步开展深入研究的建议。  相似文献   

2.
悬钩子属植物化学成分及生物活性研究新进展   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
悬钩子属植物是传统药用植物,本文综述了该属植物的化学成分及生物活性方面的研究进展,主要对其中的二萜及三萜类成分作了总结,引用文献30篇。  相似文献   

3.
天然黄酮类化合物以其在抗衰老、抗肿瘤、抗炎、肝脏保护和降血糖方面的高活性成为天然产物的研究热点。近年来,关于天然黄酮类化合物的提取和纯化、结构分析、生物利用度和药理活性有许多报道。本文对天然黄酮类化合物的构效关系的研究进展进行综述,旨在为天然黄酮类化合物未来发展和利用提供参考。  相似文献   

4.
假木贼属植物化学成分及生物活性研究进展   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2  
综述了到目前为止发表的有关假木贼属的化学成分,主要为生物碱,对这些化合物的生物活性也作了简要的概括。  相似文献   

5.
药用女贞属植物化学成分的研究进展   总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15  
在约50种女贞属植物中已进行化学成分研究的有15种,从该类植物中提取分析出一百多种化合物,其中大部分是结构新颖的活性化合物。主要有单萜类,三萜类,环烯醚萜类,裂环烯醚萜类,黄酮类,苯乙醇类,挥发油和其它化合物,本文综述了从该属植物中得到的各类化学成分的结构和^13C-NMR谱图数据。  相似文献   

6.
苯乙醇苷类成分在药用植物中广泛存在,生物活性明显且低毒安全,具有潜在的药用开发价值。本文首次以构效关系为主线,综述了近二十年来该类成分在抗氧化和自由基清除、抗肿瘤、神经元保护、肝脏保护、止痛、抗病毒、抗菌等方面的研究进展。该综述为今后进一步从结构角度较全面地深入探讨苯乙醇苷类成分的生物活性提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

7.
对近10年来从美登木属植物中新发现的三萜类化合物的结构类型和生物活性进行了综述;指出了研究中存在的不足并提出了今后的研究方向。  相似文献   

8.
紫杉醇是近40年从红豆杉属植物中发现的最著名的天然抗肿瘤药物,在过去30年多年间紫杉醇因其独特的结构、新颖的作用机制和显著的抗癌活性成为化学家、药理学家和生物学家的研究热点.本文对紫杉醇构效关系的研究进行了总结,提供参考文献85篇.  相似文献   

9.
马兜铃属植物化学成分及生物活性研究进展   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文从化学成分和生物活性两方面综述了马兜铃属(Ariostolochia L.)植物近十几年来的研究进展,为马兜铃属植物的开发利用提供一定的科学依据。  相似文献   

10.
藏药裸茎金腰的化学成分研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
用色谱技术对藏药裸茎金腰(Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge)全草化学成分进行分离鉴定,以UV、IR、MS,1HNMR、13CNMR、DEPT等现代谱学方法鉴定化合物结构,得到8个化合物:β-pdltoboykinolic acid,7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-3’-4’-5-trihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyflavone,5-甲氧基阿拉伯糖,β-谷甾醇,三十烷,8-甲基-二十八烷,9-甲基-2-三十二烯,1-环戊二烯-3-甲基-十九烷。这8个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。  相似文献   

11.
黄酮类化合物药理作用的研究进展   总被引:134,自引:1,他引:134       下载免费PDF全文
总结黄酮类化合物在药理作用方面的研究近况,在阐述黄酮类化合物的生物活性、药理作用的同时,结合结构分析和作用机制,揭示与其部分活性相关的构效关系,并对黄酮类化合物药理作用的研究提出进一步的展望。  相似文献   

12.
The superoxide scavenging activities of 12 flavonoids were measured. The superoxide anions were generated by a hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system and measured by the nitrite method. The results showed that the scavenging ability enhanced with an increasing number of hydroxyl groups in rings B. Substitution at C3 position with a hydroxyl group increased the activity. Compared to a methoxyl group or a glycoside in this position, a free hydroxyl group showed the highest activity. A saturated C2−C3 bond showed a higher activity than a unsaturated bond. The absence of a carbonyl group at C4 position increased the activity.  相似文献   

13.
报道了在中国吉林省延边市发现的虎耳草科金腰属一中国新记录种——宽卵叶金腰(Chrysosplenium fallaxKoldaeva)。该物种是2021年发表的新物种,原产于俄罗斯远东地区,本次在中国为首次发现。本文结合野外考察和标本研究,对该物种形态学进行了描述,对种子微形态进行了显微观察和测量;利用45个金腰属物种的叶绿体基因组对其进行系统发育分析,初步确认了宽卵叶金腰在属内的系统位置。凭证标本保存于中南民族大学生命科学学院标本馆(HSN)。  相似文献   

14.
黄酮类化合物抑制微生物活性及其作用机制   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本文综述了黄酮类化合物抑制细菌、病毒和真菌的活性及可能的作用机制,黄酮类化合物结构与抑菌活性之间的关系。结果表明,黄酮类化合物主要通过抑制细菌DNA旋转酶,抑制细菌细胞质膜的功能,抑制细菌能量代谢等方面发挥抑菌功效。指出黄酮类化合物是今后抗病源微生物药物开发新的研究方向。  相似文献   

15.
归并了金腰属1种和省沽油属1变种,报道2个新异名。  相似文献   

16.
金腰属植物因富含黄酮醇类化合物而具有显著的药效,通过对我国西藏、云南、四川、青海以及甘肃5个省(自治区)进行金腰属植物种质资源的科学考察,共收集到19种(含2变种)145份野生种质资源。此外四川省发现金腰新分布2种,分别为秦岭金腰(Chrysosplenium biondianum Engl.)、陕甘金腰(Chrysosplenium qinlingense Z.P.Jien&J.T.Pan),均为中国特有种;甘肃省发现金腰新分布3种,分别为毛金腰(Chrysosplenium pilosum Maxim.)、绵毛金腰(Chrysosplenium lanuginosum Hook.f.&Thomson)和蜕叶金腰(Chrysosplenium henryi Franch.),凭证标本存于中南民族大学植物标本馆(HSN)。金腰属植物作为传统藏药长期以来被用于治疗各种疾病,如长梗金腰(Chrysosplenium axillare Maxim.)的75%乙醇提取物具抗炎症、抗流感病毒活性,从灰花金腰(Chrysosplenium grayanum Maxim.)与裸茎金腰(Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge)提取的五环三萜对肿瘤细胞有较强抑制效果。本调查丰富了野生藏药金腰属植物种质资源,为深入研究金腰属植物的分类与药理活性提供了基础。  相似文献   

17.
达坂山蚤缀和裸茎金腰叶绿体超微结构的研究   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
杜军华  吴健等 《西北植物学报》2001,21(5):1031-1034,T001
对高山植物达坂山蚤缀和裸茎金腰叶绿体超微结构的研究表明,叶绿体和线粒体镶嵌很紧密;基粒和基质类囊体膨大,膨大的类囊体呈梭形或圆形,没有发现脂质小球的存在;基粒叠垛程度很低,平均每个基粒类囊体的片层数为5.4。这2种高山植物叶绿体超微结构上的特征是青藏高原特殊的生态条件,包括低温、低气压、强辐射影响的结果。  相似文献   

18.
    
This paper deals with the taxonomy and geographic distribution of the genus Chrysosplenium L. in China. Based on the characters and evolution of the seed, capsule, disk, ovary and leaf, thespecies of this genus can be grouped into 2 subgenera, 5 sections and 16 series. Thereare 2 subgenera, 5 sections and 11 series in China. They are as follows: I. Subgen. Gamosplenium Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Leaves alternate. Lectotype: Chrysosplenium carnosum Hook. f. et Thoms. 1. Sect. Alternifolia Franch. emend. J. T. Pan Seeds smooth and glabrous. Type: Chrysosplenium alternifolium L. (1) Ser. Nudicaulia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-inferior, sometimes mostly inferior; capsule generally subtruncate and emarginate at top and bilobed with equal and horizontally divaricate or suberect lobes; seeds smooth and glabrous. Type: Chrysosplenium nudicaule Maxim. (2) Ser. Alternifolia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk 8-lobed; ovary nearly half-inferior; capsule generally subtruncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizontally divaricate lobes; seeds smoothand glabrous. Type: Chrysosplenium alternifolia L. 2. Sect. Nephrophylloides Turcz. Seeds minutely papillose or pilose. Type: Chrysosplenium sedakowii Turcz. (1) Ser. Macrophylla Franch. emend. J. T. Pan Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-inferior; capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal lobes; seeds minutely papillose. Type: Chrysosplenium macrophyllum Oliv. (2) Ser. Ovalifolia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk generally 8-, rarely 4-, lobed, papillae absent around disk; ovary mostly inferior; capsule subtruncate and emarginate at top; seeds minutely papillose or pilose. Type: Chrysosplenium ovalifolium M. Bieb. ex Bunge (3) Ser. Lanuginosa Hara, emend. J. T. Pan Papillae numerous, brown around reduced disk; ovary mostly inferior; capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top; seeds minutely papillose. Type: Chrysosplenium lanuginosum Hook. f. et Thoms. II. Subgen. Chrysosplenium Leaves opposite. Type: Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L. 1. Sect. Trichosperma J. T. Pan, sect. nov. Capsule not truncate at top, and bilobed with subequal, suberect or divergent lobes. Type: Chrysosplenium trichospermum Edgew. ex Hook. f. et Thoms. This section is divided into 4 series in the world, with only 1 in China. (1) Ser. Nepalensia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk obscure or absent; ovary generally mostly inferior; cassule not truncate attop, and bilobed with subequal and suberect or divergent lobes; seeds smooth and glabrous. Type: Chrysosplenium nepalense D. Don 2. Sect. Grayana J. T. Pan, sect. nov. Capsule bilobed with distinctly unequal and ascending lobes. Type: Chrysosplenium grayanum Maxim. This section consists of 4 series in the world, with 3 series in China. (1) Ser. Sinica Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-superior; capsule bilobed with distinctlyunequal and ascending lobes; seeds minutely papillose. Type: Chrysosplenium sinicum Maxim. (2) Ser. Esulcata Franch. emend. J. T. Pan Disk (4)-8-lobed; ovary generally half-inferior; capsule bilobed with unequal andascending lobes; seeds minutely papillose or pilose. Lectotype: Chrysosplenium dubium J. Gayex DC. (3) Ser. pilosa maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-inferior; capsule bilobed with distinctlyunequal and ascending lobes; seeds distinctly longitudinally ll-18-costate and minutely papillose or tuberculate on the ridge. Type: Chrysosplenium pilosum Maxim. 3. Sect. Chrysosplenium Capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizontally divaricate lobes. Type: Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L. (1) Ser. Romosa J. T. Pan, ser. nov. Disk distinctly 8-lobed, papillae sparse, brown around disk; ovary mostly inferior; capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizontallydivaricate lobes; seeds smooth and glabrous. Type: Chrysosplenium ramosum Maxim. This series is monospecific one, also occurring in China, namely C. ramosum Maxim. (2) Ser. Delavayi Hara Disk distinctly 8-lobed, Papillae sparse, brown around the disk; ovary mostly inferior; capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizontally divaricate lobes; seeds distinctly longitudinally 10-16-costate and transversely striate on the ridge. Type: Chrysosplenium delavayi Franch. This series can be considered as the most advanced one in the Chrysaspleninm L. So far, the Chrysosplenium L. comprises 64 species in the world, among which 1 species is found in North Africa, 2 in South America, 4 in Europe, 5 in North America, 56in Asia, of which 3 occur in Sikkim, 5 Bhutan, 5 Mongolia, 6 north Burma, 6 Korea, 7north India, 8 Nepal, 12 Japan, 17 U.S.S.R. (of which 3 also in Europe), 34 China (including 22 endemic species and 3 new species). In China, Fujian and Guangdong Provinces and Zhuang Autonomous Region of Guangxi each has only 1 species, Taiwan, Zhejiang, Shanxi and Hebei Provinces and Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang each has 2, Anhui, Jiangxi and Hunan Provinceseach has 3, Qinghai Province 4, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Guizhou Provinces each has5, Jilin and Hubei Provinces each has 6, Gausu Province 8, Shaanxi Province and Xizang (Tibet) Autonomous Region each has 10, Yunnan Province has 11, Sichuan Province has 14. Thus the distribution centre of this genus should be in the north temperate zoneof Asia, and the region covering Shaanxi Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan and Xizang may beregarded as an important part of this centre. The 7 species of Ser. Nudicaula Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan can be considered as themost primitive ones in this genus. They are mostly distributed in Shaanxi (Qin Ling),south Gansu, southeast Qinghai, southwest Sichuan and nothwest Yunnan of China. Thisregion may be considered as the centre of the origin (or at least differentiation) of thisgenus. The new species and the new varieties described in this paper are as follows: C. hydrocotylifolium Levl. et Vant. var. emeiense J. T. Pan, C. taibaishanense J. T. Pan, C.lixianense Jien ex J. T. Pan, C. qinlingense Jien ex J. T. Pan.  相似文献   

19.
    
A new lanostane-type triterpene, 6α-hydroxy-dehydrotumulosic acid (1), together with 12 known compounds (213), was isolated and characterized from the sclerotium of Poria cocos. Their structures were confirmed by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic methods and by comparison with values previously reported in the literature. Compounds 1113 were reported for the first time from Poria cocos. The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated compounds was discussed.  相似文献   

20.
Chenopodium quinoa Willd. is a valuable food source which has gained importance in many countries of the world. The plant contains various bitter-tasting saponins which present an important antinutritional factor. Various triterpene saponins have been reported in C. quinoa including both monodesmosidic and bidesmosidic triterpene saponins of oleanolic acid, hederagenin, phytolaccagenic acid, and serjanic acid as the major aglycones and other aglycones as 3β-hydroxy-23-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid, 3β-hydroxy-27-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid, and 3β, 23α, 30β-trihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid. A tridesmosidic saponin of hederagenin has also been reported. Here we review the occurrence, analysis, chemical structures, and biological activity of triterpene saponins of C. quinoa. In particular, the mode of action of the mono- and bidesmosidic triterpene saponins and aglycones are discussed.  相似文献   

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