共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Ryo Inoue Toshihiro Sawai Chihiro Sawai Masako Nakatani Gustavo A. Romero-Pérez Motoyuki Ozeki 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2017,81(12):2396-2399
Gut microbiota of food allergic children was analyzed by high throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Signs of gut dysbiosis, which is likely associated with gut inflammation, was observed in children with food allergies. For example, decreased abundance of genus Akkermansia but increased abundance of Veillonella was found in children with food allergy in comparison with healthy control children. 相似文献
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Marta Grochowska Tomasz Laskus Marcin Paciorek Agnieszka Pollak Urszula Lechowicz Micha&#x; Makowiecki Andrzej Horban Marek Radkowski Karol Perlejewski 《Current issues in molecular biology》2022,44(7):2903
There are multiple lines of evidence for the existence of communication between the central nervous system (CNS), gut, and intestinal microbiome. Despite extensive analysis conducted on various neurological disorders, the gut microbiome was not yet analyzed in neuroinfections. In the current study, we analyzed the gut microbiome in 47 consecutive patients hospitalized with neuroinfection (26 patients had viral encephalitis/meningitis; 8 patients had bacterial meningitis) and in 20 matched for age and gender health controls. Using the QIIME pipeline, 16S rRNA sequencing and classification into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were performed on the earliest stool sample available. Bacterial taxa such as Clostridium, Anaerostipes, Lachnobacterium, Lachnospira, and Roseburia were decreased in patients with neuroinfection when compared to controls. Alpha diversity metrics showed lower within-sample diversity in patients with neuroinfections, though there were no differences in beta diversity. Furthermore, there was no significant change by short-term (1–3 days) antibiotic treatment on the gut microbiota, although alpha diversity metrics, such as Chao1 and Shannon’s index, were close to being statistically significant. The cause of differences between patients with neuroinfections and controls is unclear and could be due to inflammation accompanying the disease; however, the effect of diet modification and/or hospitalization cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Johan Decelle Sarah Romac Rowena F. Stern El Mahdi Bendif Adriana Zingone Stéphane Audic Michael D. Guiry Laure Guillou Désiré Tessier Florence Le Gall Priscillia Gourvil Adriana L. Dos Santos Ian Probert Daniel Vaulot Colomban de Vargas Richard Christen 《Molecular ecology resources》2015,15(6):1435-1445
Photosynthetic eukaryotes have a critical role as the main producers in most ecosystems of the biosphere. The ongoing environmental metabarcoding revolution opens the perspective for holistic ecosystems biological studies of these organisms, in particular the unicellular microalgae that often lack distinctive morphological characters and have complex life cycles. To interpret environmental sequences, metabarcoding necessarily relies on taxonomically curated databases containing reference sequences of the targeted gene (or barcode) from identified organisms. To date, no such reference framework exists for photosynthetic eukaryotes. In this study, we built the PhytoREF database that contains 6490 plastidial 16S rDNA reference sequences that originate from a large diversity of eukaryotes representing all known major photosynthetic lineages. We compiled 3333 amplicon sequences available from public databases and 879 sequences extracted from plastidial genomes, and generated 411 novel sequences from cultured marine microalgal strains belonging to different eukaryotic lineages. A total of 1867 environmental Sanger 16S rDNA sequences were also included in the database. Stringent quality filtering and a phylogeny‐based taxonomic classification were applied for each 16S rDNA sequence. The database mainly focuses on marine microalgae, but sequences from land plants (representing half of the PhytoREF sequences) and freshwater taxa were also included to broaden the applicability of PhytoREF to different aquatic and terrestrial habitats. PhytoREF, accessible via a web interface ( http://phytoref.fr ), is a new resource in molecular ecology to foster the discovery, assessment and monitoring of the diversity of photosynthetic eukaryotes using high‐throughput sequencing. 相似文献
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Wen Zhao PhD Yijuan Han PhD Dongyan Shao PhD Cuicui Han PhD Yixiao Tian PhD Qingsheng Huang PhD 《Bioelectromagnetics》2023,44(7-8):211-220
To explore the effect of ultra-strong static magnetic field on gut microbiota, 16 T static magnetic field was used to study the changes in the structure and composition of human and mouse gut microbiota in this environment. In the mouse gut microbiota, at the genus level, the magnetic field significantly decreased the relative abundances of Escherichia-Shigella, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Parasutterella, and Ralstonia and significantly increased those of Parabacteroides, Alloprevotella, Alistipes, Odoribacter, Bacteroides, Mucispirillum, Sutterella, and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001. Similarly, at the genus level, the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Romboutsia, and Streptococcus significantly decreased in the human gut microbiota. Contrary to the changing trend of the abundance in the mouse gut, the abundances of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides in the human gut were significantly reduced under magnetic field. The BugBase phenotypic prediction analysis showed that the relative abundances of five phenotypes, including anaerobism, mobile elements, potential pathogenicity, stress-tolerant, and biofilm formation, changed significantly in the mouse gut microbiota, while the relative abundances of two phenotypes, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative phenotypes, changed significantly in the human gut microbiota. The 16 T magnetic field could differently affect the composition, structure, and phenotypes of gut microbiota in human and mice, suggesting the importance of model selection in studying the biological effects of magnetic field. 相似文献
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Juliana Amaka Ugwu Mengxia Liu Hui Sun Fred O. Asiegbu 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2020,144(9):764-776
Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is an invasive insect pest with a diverse host range threatening food security in the African continent by causing severe economic damage to staple maize crop. FAW like all other insects are associated with various microbiota that influence their several characteristics and activities. The microbiota of insects plays important roles in their growth, development and environmental adaptation to their host plants or animals and not much is known about microbiota of FAW in Nigeria. In this study, the microbial community of FAW larvae from maize plants in Nigeria was investigated using Illumina PE250 NovaSeq of 16S rRNA V3-V4 gene region. A total of 1,160,133 sequence reads that ranged from 83,794 to 145,475 were obtained. They span through 2 kingdoms: bacteria (99.59%) and archaea (0.37%), 37 phyla, 59 classes, 78 orders, 145 families and 285 genera. The dominant taxonomic group of bacteria across the larval samples were Proteobacteria (58.32%), Firmicutes (35.87%) and Bacteroidetes (4.02%). There were no significant differences in bacteria species diversity and richness among the individual fall armyworm larva and samples from different geographical regions. The relative abundance of Bacteria phyla and classes also showed no significant differences among the larval samples. Significant differences were documented in bacteria orders Acidobacteriales and Aeromonadales, family Acidobacteriaceae_ (Subgroup_1) and genera Novosphingobium and Pedobacter. The results indicate that the gut of FAW larvae harbours a diverse set of bacteria and archaea biota. Understanding their ecological and functional relevance would provide novel insight on potential approaches for their exploitation in the integrated management of FAW in the tropics. 相似文献
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Guolei Sun Tian Xia Qinguo Wei Yuehuan Dong Chao Zhao Xiufeng Yang Lei Zhang Xibao Wang Weilai Sha Honghai Zhang 《Ecology and evolution》2021,11(17):12129
This study aimed to identify the effects of host species on the gut microbial flora in three species (Hemitragus jemlahicus, Pseudois nayaur, and Ovis orientalis) from the subfamily Caprinae, by excluding the impact of environment factors. We investigated the differences in intestinal flora of three species belonging to Caprinae, which were raised in identical conditions. Fecal samples were collected from tahr, mouflon, and bharal, and the V3–V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was analyzed by high‐throughput sequencing. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences reveals that fecal samples were mainly composed of four phyla: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, and Proteobacteria. The most abundant phyla included Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes accounting for >90% of the bacteria, and a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was observed in tahrs. Moreover, significant differences existed at multiple levels of classifications in the relative abundance of intestinal flora, differing greatly between species. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene indicated that mouflon is closely related to bharal, and it is inconsistent with previous reports in the species evolutionary relationships. In this study, we demonstrated that the gut microbiota in tahr had a stronger ability to absorb and store energy from the diet compared with mouflon and bharal, and the characteristics of host–microbiome interactions were not significant. 相似文献
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Donald C. Dearborn Symmantha M. Page Miri Dainson Mark E. Hauber Daniel Hanley 《Ecology and evolution》2017,7(22):9711-9719
Oviparous animals have evolved multiple defenses to prevent microbes from penetrating their eggs and causing embryo mortality. In birds, egg constituents such as lysozyme and antibodies defend against microbial infestation, but eggshell pigments might also impact survival of bacteria. If so, microbes could exert an important selective pressure on the evolution of eggshell coloration. In a previous lab experiment, eggshell protoporphyrin caused drastic mortality in cultures of Gram positive, but not Gram negative, bacteria when exposed to light. Here, we test this “photodynamic antimicrobial hypothesis” in a field experiment. In a paired experimental design, we placed sanitized brown, protoporphyrin‐rich chicken eggs alongside white eggs that lack protoporphyrin. We deployed eggs for 48 hr without incubation, as can occur between laying and incubation, when microbial infection risk is highest. Eggs were placed on the open ground exposed to sunlight and in dark underground storm‐petrel burrows. We predicted that the proportion of Gram‐positive bacteria on brown eggs should be lower when exposed to sunlight than when kept in the dark, but we expected no such difference for white eggs. Although our data revealed variation in bacterial community composition, the proportion of Gram‐positive bacteria on eggshells did not vary by egg color, and there was no interaction between egg color and location. Instead, Gram‐positive bacteria were proportionally more common on eggs on the ground than eggs in burrows. Overall, our experiment did not support the photodynamic antimicrobial hypothesis. The diverse range of avian egg colors is generated by just two pigments, but over 10 hypotheses have been proposed for the evolution of eggshell color. If our results are generalizable, eggshell protoporphyrin might not play a substantial role in defending eggs against microbes, which narrows the field of candidate hypotheses for the evolution of avian eggshell coloration. 相似文献
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P. Zhu M.K.-S. Wong X. Lin T.F. Chan C.K.C. Wong K.P. Lai W.K.F. Tse 《Letters in applied microbiology》2021,73(4):529-541
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以河流表层沉积物为菌群来源,富集分离出一组新型好氧微生物降解菌群,并对其进行微生物群落结构鉴定和降解特性探究。采用16S rRNA基因高通量测序方法对该菌群进行微生物群落结构分析,并设置单因素实验确定最佳生长及降解条件。结果表明,菌群主要包括硝基黄杆菌(Diaphorobacter)83.35%,假单胞杆菌属(Pseudomonas)7.46%,反硝化卡斯特兰尼氏菌(Castellaniella)1.67%,水微菌属(Aquamicrobium)1.65%等;菌群可在60 h内对100 mg/L菲降解率到达95.78%,且在pH5至pH11之间生长并保持高效降解率,最适生长温度为35℃,当盐度为1%时对菌群影响较小,降解率依旧保持在97.26%;可在7 d内降解浓度为400 mg/L的菲,第7天降解率为96.36%。菌群不仅具有高效降解能力且生长条件适应广泛、抗压能力强,可为多环芳烃生物修复提供新的种质资源。 相似文献
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微生物是人体、动植物、土壤、沉积物、水体、空气等生境中最重要的生命体。对这些生境中微生物的分析已经成为一项基础的研究技术。微生物组测序与分析作为近年来快速发展的技术,已经在人类健康、环境污染治理、食品工业以及农牧业等领域得到了广泛应用。为了梳理和总结微生物组测序与分析技术的现状、发展状况和应用前景,本专题收录了16篇本领域的论文,分别从样本保存和处理、单菌基因组测序与分析、特殊生境中的微生物组特征分析、微生物组相关数据库和算法以及微生物组测序与分析专家共识等方面,详细介绍了微生物组测序与分析领域的发展态势,为推动我国微生物组测序与分析产业和科研的快速发展、促进微生物组相关产业的良性发展提供必要的参考。 相似文献
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Andreas Härer;Ken A. Thompson;Dolph Schluter;Diana J. Rennison; 《Molecular ecology》2024,33(23):e17571
The vertebrate gut microbiota is a critical determinant of organismal function, yet whether and how gut microbial communities affect host fitness under natural conditions remains largely unclear. We characterised associations between a fitness proxy—individual growth rate—and bacterial gut microbiota diversity and composition in threespine stickleback fish introduced to large semi-natural ponds. We detected a 63% higher richness of bacterial taxa (α-diversity) in the guts of high-fitness fish compared to low-fitness fish, which might be driven by stronger bacterial dispersal among high-fitness fish according to the fit of a neutral community model. Further, microbial communities of high-fitness fish were more similar to one another (i.e., exhibited lower β-diversity) than those of low-fitness fish. The lower β-diversity found to be associated with higher host fitness is consistent with the Anna Karenina principle—that there are fewer ways to have a functional microbiota than a dysfunctional microbiota. Our study links differences in α- and β-diversity to a fitness-related trait in a vertebrate species reared under naturalistic conditions and our findings provide a basis for functional tests of the fitness consequences of host-microbiota interactions. 相似文献
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Shaokun Wang Xiaoan Zuo Xueyong Zhao Tala Awada Yongqing Luo Yuqiang Li Hao Qu 《Ecology and evolution》2018,8(3):1693-1704
Plant species affect soil bacterial diversity and compositions. However, little is known about the role of dominant plant species in shaping the soil bacterial community during the restoration of sandy grasslands in Horqin Sandy Land, northern China. We established a mesocosm pots experiment to investigate short‐term responses of soil bacterial diversity and composition, and the related soil properties in degraded soils without vegetation (bare sand as the control, CK) to restoration with five plant species that dominate across restoration stages: Agriophyllum squarrosum (AS), Artemisia halodendron (AH), Setaria viridis (SV), Chenopodium acuminatum (CA), and Corispermum macrocarpum (CM). We used redundancy analysis (RDA) to analyze the association between soil bacterial composition and soil properties in different plant species. Our results indicated that soil bacterial diversity was significantly lower in vegetated soils independent of plant species than in the CK. Specifically, soil bacterial species richness and diversity were lower under the shrub AH and the herbaceous plants AS, SV, and CA, and soil bacterial abundance was lower under AH compared with the CK. A field investigation confirmed the same trends where soil bacteria diversity was lower under AS and AH than in bare sand. The high‐sequence annotation analysis showed that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the most common phyla in sandy land irrespective of soil plant cover. The OTUs (operational taxonomic units) indicated that some bacterial species were specific to the host plants. Relative to bare sand (CK), soils with vegetative cover exhibited lower soil water content and temperature, and higher soil carbon and nitrogen contents. The RDA result indicated that, in addition to plant species, soil water and nitrogen contents were the most important factors shaping soil bacterial composition in semiarid sandy land. Our study from the pot and field investigations clearly demonstrated that planting dominant species in bare sand impacts bacterial diversity. In semiarid ecosystems, changes in the dominant plant species during vegetation restoration efforts can affect the soil bacterial diversity and composition through the direct effects of plants and the indirect effects of soil properties that are driven by plant species. 相似文献
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目的探讨高胆红素血症早产儿与非高胆红素血症早产儿肠道菌群的差异,为该病的治疗提供思路和依据。方法选择2017年1月至6月出生后即在本院新生儿科治疗的早产儿(胎龄35+1～36+6周)为研究对象,其中高胆红素血症早产儿(黄疸组)124例,非高胆红素血症早产儿(对照组)118例。采集两组对象出生后24 h内的首次胎便,采用高通量测序技术对粪便样本中细菌16S rRNA基因进行检测,分析肠道菌群组成情况。结果黄疸组早产儿肠道微生物群落组成与对照组在门水平上相似度较高。在属水平上,两组对象肠道菌群均以Ralstonia、Rhodococcus、Enterococcus为主。对照组患儿肠道Lactobacillus的相对丰度显著高于黄疸组(t=-2.073 0,P=0.039 1)。黄疸组患儿肠道Ralstonia的相对丰度与总胆红素水平呈负相关(r=-0.314 8,P=0.000 3)。结论高胆红素血症早产儿与非高胆红素血症早产儿肠道菌群的种类和丰度存在差异。Lactobacillus可能是高胆红素血症的潜在生物标记物。 相似文献
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目的 寻找饮酒与不饮酒的成年男性肠道菌群的差异,探讨饮酒对健康成年男性肠道菌群的影响。 方法 收集前往湖北省人类精子库进行捐精前精液质量筛查的健康成年男性的粪便样本50例(饮酒组37例,不饮酒组13例),提取DNA后进行16S rRNA基因扩增子测序。 结果 饮酒组的肠道菌群α多样性与不饮酒组的差异无统计学意义但β多样性差异有统计学意义(PERMANOVA,F=0.544 9,P=0.014 0)。饮酒组中出现放线菌门和双歧杆菌科的显著富集,且出现了科与属水平种类的减少,相比不饮酒组少了12个菌科和27个菌属。通过差异性菌群分析发现放线菌门下Bifidobacterium spp.和厚壁菌门下的Blautia spp.、Dorea spp.和Ruminococcus spp.在饮酒组富集。 结论 饮酒可能会改变健康成年男性的肠道菌群,饮酒组与不饮酒组人群的肠道菌群在群落结构上存在差异。 相似文献