红凤菜红色素水溶液的稳定性试验

从红凤菜（Gynura bicolor DC.）地上部分提取了红色素水溶液。在350－700nm范围内的扫描结果显示,该色素有2个吸收峰,位于543nm和598nm附近。在pH2.2-6.0的范围内色素较稳定。加热使其吸收峰值增大,但波长基本不变。0.2mmol/L Fe^3 引起色素溶液变色并产生大量沉淀;Al^3 也能使其产生沉淀;Cu^2 对该色素的影响较小;Zn^2 、对其无影响。氧化剂（H2O2）与还原剂（Na2SO3）均能使该色素褪色。光照对该色素无明显影响。     

红凤菜和白子菜总黄酮含量的动态变化

红凤菜[Gynura bicolor (Willd. ) DC. ]和白子菜[G. divaricata (L. ) DC. ]均为菊三七属(Gynura Cass. )植物~([1]).红凤菜的嫩茎叶中含有丰富的营养成分,可作蔬菜食用~([2]);白子菜叶片在民间用于治疗糖尿病,动物实验证明其有显著的降血糖作用~([3]).     

红凤菜扦插繁殖技术研究

为了探讨红凤菜扦插繁殖的适宜条件,采用不同基质、不同成熟度插条及不同萘乙酸(NAA)浓度进行三个因素随机区组试验,萘乙酸、插条成熟度和基质组成对红凤菜插条生根数量均有显著影响,其中萘乙酸处理对红凤菜插条生根数量的影响最大,枝条成熟度其次,扦插基质影响较小,结果表明扦插生根的最佳组合为:1 000 mg/kgNAA×幼嫩枝条×泥炭土∶珍珠岩=1∶1,NAA极显著地促进插条生根,数量增多,同时又极显著地抑制根的伸长。     

红直獐牙菜的胚胎学

首次报道了红直獐牙菜大小孢子发生,雌雄配子体形成和胚胎发育过程。主要结果如下：花药四室,药壁发育为双子叶型,绒毡层异型起源,接近腺质绒毡层,中层３层,花药壁表皮宿存,细胞柱状伸长,纤维状加厚,药室内壁退化,小孢子母细胞减数分裂为同时型,四分体的排列方式为四面体形;成熟花粉为３－细胞;子房２心皮,１室,１２列胚珠,侧膜胎座,薄珠心,单珠被,倒生胚珠,蓼型胚囊,反足细胞３个,宿存时间短,胚乳发育为核型     

富含纤维的绿色食品——红梗菜

红梗菜（ChinesRhubnrb）是特产于我国长城以北、海拔千米以上地区的一种天然野生植物资源,有一定保健食用价值,主产区分布在河北北部、山西北部及内蒙古等地。红梗莱,又名华北大黄（Rheumfrangen－bachii）,属蓼科大黄属植物。大黄属植物从功用上主要分为药用和庭院大黄两类,其中庭院大黄多是可作食品的大黄。中医早在公元前2700年即对药用大黄（Rheumofficinal）有了记载,到《神农本草经》时对大黄的记识有：“荡涤肠胃,推陈致新,通利水谷,调中化食,安和五脏”诸功效。许多中医医生把大黄比作“将军”,形容使用它便能效如样…     

橄榄北移试验初报

在广西桂林引种橄榄已能正常开花结果,种子能繁殖后代．后代植株也能正常开花结果．橄榄北移试种获得成功。     

桔小实蝇综合防治试验初报

针对桔小实蝇 Bactrocera dorsalis( Hendel)在厦门市番石榴、芒果、洋桃、葡萄等 ,尤其是厦门岛内果园为害严重的特点 ,自 1994年 10月起 ,在该虫分布比较密集的岛内亚热带植物研究所(以下简称亚植所 )、厦门大学植物试验园 (以下简称厦大植物园 )和鼓浪屿亚热带植物引种园(以下简称引种园 )等 3个试验点进行为期 2年的防治试验 ,在协作单位配合下 ,已探索出套袋防虫、性诱剂诱杀、药剂保果及沤杀落果幼虫等一套较为成熟的综合控害技术 ,现整理报道如下 :1　材料与方法1.1　材料1.1.1　药剂　 2 0 %三唑磷乳油 (浙江仙居农药厂 ) ,80 %滴…     

Callus Induction and Organ Differentiation in the Tissue Culture of Begonia fimbristipula Hance

This paper reports the organ differentiation in the tissue culture of Begonia fimbristipula Hance. Three types of regenerated plantlets were obtained: (1) callus differentiation, (2) growth center induced from the aseptic seedling leaf and (3) shoots were differentiated from roots developed from the callus. Callus could be obtained on SH medium as well as on MS basic medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.1 ppm) +NAA (2.5 ppm) +KT (0.25 ppm). Experiments were carried out to compare the effects of different concentrations of sucrose on callus induction. It was found that the differentiation rate of callus was higher on MS medium than on SH medium. Comparative experiments were also carried out to find out the efficiency of callus differentiation by BA and 2ip at various concentrations. The better differentiation of callus was obtained at the range 0.25—2 ppm of BA, The cytological investigations showed that individual plantlet grown on the leaf was originated from the epidermal cells. According to our study, numerous plantlets can be obtained from a single leaf of aseptic seedlings. It is possible that this technique provides a way of rapid donal propogation of Begonia fimbristipula Hance.     

紫背天葵红色素与牛血清白蛋白的作用研究

以最优化条件从紫背天葵中提取出天然红色素,采用可见光谱研究了其与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用。     

秋海棠抗性育种初探

通过杂交育种提高秋海棠植物抗病性等抗逆能力。采用抗病亲本与具观赏性的易感病亲本杂交,F1自交两代使抗病性状纯合稳定,获得具观赏性、抗病的类型。连续回交将抗病性转移到具可看性而易感病的亲本中,培育出目的新品种;根据亲本性状互补的原则,结合杂种优势F1的利用,选择秋海棠属内不同组、不同生态型,抗逆性差异显著的原始材料进行远缘杂交,选育出观赏价值高、抗逆能力强的适应型新品种。通过30多个亲本组合的杂交选育,对6个典型组合亲本、子代的性状及表型分析研究,以及子代群体生长势、病情指数、抗性等级的测定,对秋海棠属植物的抗性育种作了初步探讨。     

黄秋葵无土基质漂浮育苗技术初探(简报)

对黄秋葵进行无土基质漂浮育苗试验,结果表明,黄秋葵采用漂浮育苗易于管理,且培养苗质量好,移栽方便,成活率高,并能有效控制黄秋葵幼苗期病虫害。     

Comparison of morphological and physiological characteristics in two phenotypes of a rare and endangered plant,Begonia fimbristipula Hance

The rare and endangered plant, Begonia fimbristipula, shows red and green phenotypes, differentiated by a coloration of the abaxial leaf surface. In this study, we compared morphological and physiological traits of both phenotypes. The results showed that the red phenotype contained a significantly higher chlorophyll content, closer arrangement of chloroplasts, and a more developed grana. In addition, the red phenotype transferred significantly more light energy into the electron transport during the photoreaction. Similarly, the maximum photosynthetic rate, instantaneous water-use and light-use efficiencies of the red B. fimbristipula were all significantly higher than those of the green individuals. The differentiation between these two phenotypes could be caused by their different survival strategies under the same conditions; epigenetic variations may be in some correlation with this kind of phenotype plasticity. Red B. fimbristipula has an advantage in resource acquisition and utilization and possesses a better self-protection mechanism against changes in environmental conditions, therefore, it might adapt better to global climate change compared to the green phenotype. Further studies on the possible epigenetic regulation of those phenotypic differentiations are needed.     

光学相干层析分子成像方法初探

介绍了分子对比剂在光学相干层析成像(optical coherence tom ography,OCT)技术中的研究现状,概述了迄今出现的几种不同的光学相干层析分子成像方法(m olecu lar contrast OCT,简称为MCOCT),讨论了MCOCT的几个重要的实际问题:对比剂的选择范围、激发光强的限制、各种方法灵敏度比较以及MCOCT应用于临床与生物学领域需要考虑的因素。     

球根海棠继代愈伤组织分化潜力丧失研究(简报)

球根海棠愈伤组织出芽率高，愈伤组织继代半年后分化能力丧失；降低或去除培养基中植物生长调节剂等并不能恢复；镜检愈伤组织发现细胞染色体数目已发生广泛变异。     

缺氮及氮素形态对烟草幼苗糖代谢的影响机理初探

为了探明缺氮及不同氮素形态对烟草幼苗糖代谢的影响机理。该试验以‘中烟100’为试材,设置正常供氮为对照(CK,NO3-∶NH4+=1∶1)、缺氮(T1)、单一铵态氮(T2)和单一硝态氮(T3)4个处理的沙培试验,检测烟株功能叶片的全氮、还原糖、总糖、蔗糖淀粉的含量及糖代谢相关酶的活性,并分析根、茎、叶等3个部位糖代谢关键基因(SUT1、INV、GBSSI、AGPase)的表达差异。结果显示:(1)烟株功能叶片的全氮含量表现为T3CKT2T1。(2)与CK前期相比,T1处理显著增加了烟株叶片的还原糖、总糖、蔗糖及淀粉含量,降低了淀粉酶的活性,但对转化酶活性影响不显著;其中烟株叶片淀粉积累表现为T1T2CKT3。(3)缺氮及氮素形态对糖转运蛋白基因(SUT1)、焦磷酸化酶基因(AGPase)和颗粒淀粉合成酶基因(GBSSI)等关键基因的表达影响显著。研究认为,缺氮及不同氮素形态下烟草幼苗氮素利用率与淀粉积累成反比,其中蔗糖转运蛋白基因(SUT1)在氮素形态影响烟叶糖代谢过程中起关键作用。     

云南秋海棠属植物小志

描写了云南产秋海棠属６个新种１个新变种,它们是澜沧秋海棠、角果秋海棠、盈江秋海棠、粉叶秋海棠、蔓耗秋海棠、斜叶秋海棠、红毛香花秋海棠,补充描述了８个种及新命名１种,即四棱秋海棠、不显秋海棠、薄叶秋海棠、截裂秋海棠、长柔毛秋海棠、光叶秋海棠、变色秋海棠、假厚叶秋海棠、河口秋海棠。     

水稻HSPs诱导合成的研究

水稻HSPs在37—40℃开始启动合成,在43℃合成量最大。43℃处理0—9.5小时,可诱导合成两组共18种HSPs。第一组8种HSPs在热激后立即启动合成,其分子量大于50kd;第二组10种HSPs在热激处理3.5小时才启动合成,所有低分子量HSPs都集中在这一组。我们认为,HSPs合成的多级调控主要受处理时间制约,而与高于热激诱导临界温度之上的温度变化无关或关系不大。mRNA体外翻译的结果表明水稻热激mRNA是在热激后新合成的。