Conochironomus Freeman: an Afro-Australian Chironomini genus revised (Diptera: Chironomidae)

The chironomid genus Conochironomus is revised, with diagnoses provided for both sexes of adults and, for the first time, the immature stages. The Afrotropical genotype C.acutistilus Freeman and the newly described Australian species C.australiensis (for misidentified acutistilus in Australia), C.cygnus and C.kakadu are described in all stages. C.avicula Freeman is redescribed from the male, and C.deemingi is described as new from the male alone, both from the Afrotropical Region. The Australian species C.cervus is described as new, based on the pupa alone. Comments are made on the ecology and distribution. A previously little-recognized 'tropical' Gondwanan biogeographic explanation for Conochironomus distribution is postulated.     

Two new species of cicadas from Vietnam (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae)

Two species of Vietnamese cicadas are described as new. Pomponia daklakensis sp. nov. is described from Daklak Province and Haphsa bicolora sp. nov. is described from Gai Lai Province. Pomponia daklakensis has become a pest of coffee in Vietnam.     

Adelphocorisella Miyamoto and Yasunaga newly recorded from Australia, with the description of a new species (Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae)

Adelphocorisella australis sp. n. is described from north Queensland. This, the first representative of the genus known from Australia, is compared with the two previously described species, both from Japan.     

Host-parasite associations of Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa:Eimeriidae) in kangaroos and wallabies of the genus Macropus (Marsupialia:Macropodidae)

Faecal samples from 514 kangaroos and wallabies representing 12 species of the genus Macropus were examined for oocysts of Eimeria spp. Six species of Eimeria were redescribed from their type hosts, and on the basis of finding homologous oocysts in the faeces of other Macropus spp., host ranges for these coccidia were extended. Eimeria hestermani Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. giganteus (eastern grey kangaroo) and is described from M. fuliginosus (western grey kangaroo), M. rufogriseus (red-necked wallaby), M. dorsalis (black-striped wallaby), and M. eugenii (tammar wallaby). E. toganmainensis Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. rufus (red kangaroo) and the host range is extended to M. giganteus, M. fuliginosus, M. rufogriseus and M. eugenii. E. wilcanniensis Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. rufus, and the host range is extended to M. giganteus, M. fuliginosus and M. robustus (euro or wallaroo). E. macropodis Wenyon & Scott, 1925 is redescribed from M. rufogriseus, and is described from M. giganteus, M. fuliginosus, M. rufus, M. irma (western brush wallaby), M. parryi (whip-tailed wallaby), M. dorsalis, M. eugenii, and M. parma (parma wallaby). E. fausti Yakimoff & Matschoulsky, 1936, E. cunnamullensis Mykytowycz, 1964 and E. purchasei Mykytowycz, 1964 are synonymized with E. macropodis. E. marsupialium Yakimoff & Matschoulsky, 1936 is redescribed from M. giganteus, and from M. fuliginosus. E. gungahlinensis Mykytowycz, 1964 is redescribed from M. fuliginosus, and from M. giganteus. Seven new species of Eimeria are described. E. flindersi, new species, is described from M. eugenii, M. rufogriseus, and M. antilopinus (antilopine wallaroo). E. prionotemni, new species, is described from M. eugenii, M. parryi, M. rufogriseus, M. agilis (agile wallaby) and M. dorsalis. E. mykytowyczi, new species, is described from M. agilis, M. antilopinus, and M. parryi. E. parryi, new species, is described from M. parryi. E. yathongensis, new species, is described from M. fuliginosus and M. giganteus. E. parma, new species, is described from M. parma, and E. desmaresti, new species, is described from M. rufogriseus. E. kogoni Mykytowycz, 1964, and E. rufusi Prasad, 1960 are considered species inquirendae. The host-parasite associations of these coccidia, and of similar species of Eimeria in other genera of Macropodoid marsupials, are discussed in relation to the postulated phylogeny of the hosts.     

Some American Austrolimnius (Coleoptera: Elmidae)

A key is given to the North American species of Austrolimnius, one of which is described as new. A new species from Venezuela is described, and new locality records in North and South America are listed for previously described species.     

Six New Species of Dobsonflies from Venezuela (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Corydalinae)

Six new species of dobsonflies (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Corydalinae) from Venezuela are described and illustrated, two in the Neotropical genus Chloronia and four within the New World genus Corydalus. Chloronia contains 15 previously described species. The new species Chloronia gaianii and C. marthae, each from the southern tepui and Andean regions, appear to be most closely related to C. hieroglyphica (Rambur) and C. mirifica Navás, respectively. Corydalus contains 30 previously described species. The new species Corydalus clavijoi, of Andean affinity, appears most closely related to C. tesselatus Stitz; C. crossi, from Auyán-tepuí, might be closely related to C. nubilus Erichson; and both C. hayashii and C. mayri, from westernmost Guayana Shield area and Aracamuni tepuis, respectively, clearly belong in the distinct and monophyletic C. arpi Navás species group. Keys for identification of the Venezuelan species of both genera are provided.     

The plam-feeding planthopper genus Ommatissus (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Tropiduchidae)

Abstract The tribe Trypetimorphini, the genus Ommatissus , and its two subgenera and eleven species are redescribed or described as new. Evidence for the monophyly of both the genus and of the tribe to which it belongs is examined; it is concluded that while the genus is monophyletic, the monophyly of the tribe is in doubt. Keys for the separation of the three genera of the tribe and for all of the known species of Ommatissus are presented. A new subgenus of Ommatissus is described: O.(Opatissus) , with the type-species O.vietnamicus . Four new species are described: Ommatissus magribus from Morocco, O.kamerunus from Cameroon, O.natalensis from South Africa and O.vietnamicus from Vietnam. The 'Dubas bug', Ommatissus lybicus Bergevin, formerly regarded as a variety of O.binotatus Fieber, is raised to full species status. Trichoduchus is synonymized with Trypetimorpha resulting in the new combinations Trypetimorpha biermani Dammerman, T.china Wu and T.japonicus Ishihara. Trichoduchus japonicus Fennah is synonymized with Trypetimorpha japonicus Ishihara.     

A new genus of trans-Tasman midge: Anzacladius gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae)

Based on larvae, pupae and adults of Australian and New Zealand Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae) midges, a genus new to science, Anzacladius , is described. Two species, A. numbat Cranston sp. n. and A. kangaroo Cranston sp. n., are described from temperate Australia (both western and south-eastern). A. kiwi Cranston sp. n. is described from both North and South Islands, New Zealand: association of the pharate pupa with its putative larva used sequence similarity of the CO1 ( cytochrome oxidase 1 ) gene. Pupal exuviae, the major stage for species recognition, show the genus occurs in running waters, especially in Australian acidic and sandy-bedded creeks, and Anzacladius species are found also in perched lakes of Queensland's Cooloolla region and Fraser Island. Previous morphological phylogenetic studies (under the code 'SO3') indicate a relationship to austral genera Botryocladius Cranston & Edward, Naonella Boothroyd and Echinocladius Cranston.     

Dicyemennea canadensis n. sp. (phylum Dicyemida) from Bathypolypus arcticus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda)

Dicyemennea canadensis n. sp. is described from a bathyal octopus collected off Canada in the Bay of Fundy. The dicyemid is a small species that rarely exceeds 600 microm in length. The vermiform stages are further characterized as having 17-23 peripheral cells, a conical-shaped calotte, an axial cell that extends to the base of the propoplar cells, and no abortive axial cells. Infusoriform embryos consist of 37 cells. There is 1 nucleus in each urn cell, and refringent bodies are absent. This is the first dicyemid to be described from the cephalopod Bathypolypus arcticus (Prosch. 1847), and the first dicyemid reported from Canada. In addition, it is the first species of Dicyemennea from the northwestern Atlantic Ocean to be described.     

Renewed sampling of inland aquatic habitats in southern Africa yields two novel freshwater crab species (Decapoda: Potamonautidae: Potamonautes)

A recent survey of the freshwater streams of the Mecula and Yao mountains in the Niassa province of Mozambique resulted in the discovery of a new freshwater crab species. This species is genetically and morphologically distinct from described species from Mozambique or its neighbouring countries, and is described as P otamonautes bellarussus sp. nov. In addition, a new semi‐terrestrial burrowing freshwater crab P otamonautes flavusjo sp. nov. from the Highveld of the Mpumalanga province in South Africa is described based on unique genetic and morphological characters. The phylogenetic affinities of the two new species in relation to the described eastern and southern African Potamonautes species is determined and the biogeographic implications are discussed. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London     

Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Metrichia Ross from Argentina (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae: Ochrotrichiini)

Metrichia cuniapiru, sp. n. (tribe Ochrotrichiini, family Hydroptilidae) from Misiones Province is described. Main characters useful for recognition of females of different species of Metrichia and keys for the males and larvae are provided. The pupa of M. neotropicalis is also described.     

Three New Genera of Small Minnow Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from the Andes and Patagonia

Three new genera and three new species of Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) are described from the Andes and Patagonia. Larvae of Andesiops, new genus, are distinguished by the apically bifid right prostheca and two rows of denticles on the tarsal claws. Larvae of Deceptiviosa, new genus, are distinguished by the apically bifid right prostheca and small subapical denticle on the tarsal claws. Larvae of Nanomis, new genus, are distinguished by the apically acute maxillary palp segment 2, smooth posterior margin of the terga, and paddle-shaped subapical seta on the hindtibiae. Adults of Andesiops and Deceptiviosa are similar, but distinguished from other South American baetids by having hindwings with a small costal process in the basal one third and three lon gitudinal veins with the middle vein being forked, and an elongate and ellipsoidal genital forceps segment 3. Larvae and adults of Andesiops peruvianus, new combination, are redescribed, and additional locale data are provided for Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Venezuela. Deceptiviosa ardua, new species, is described from larvae from Chile, and D. torrens, new species, is described from larvae and adults from Chile and Argentina. Nanomis galera, new species, is described from larvae from Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.     

A new species and record of branchial parasitic isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Bopyridae: Pseudioninae) of porcellanid crabs from the Philippines

Branchial bopyrids infesting porcellanid crabs from the Philippines were investigated based on intertidal collections made in 1999-2000. Crabs of the genus Petrolisthes collected from sites in the northern Philippines were examined and two parasite species were found. One new pseudionine species found infesting Petrolisthes sp. [cf. Petrolisthes asiaticus (Leach)] is described as Aporobopyrus galleonus (prevalence 6.1%); this species is distinguished from other members of the genus by a setose palp on the maxilliped of the females, barbula morphology, and male characters including the possession of pleopods. This represents the second described species of Aporobopyrus from the Philippines, and the first from porcellanid crabs. In addition, Pleurocrypta macrocephalaNierstrasz and Brender à Brandis, 1923 (originally described from Indonesia) was found infesting the same unidentified Petrolisthes sp. (prevalence 2.6%); this is the first report of the species from the Philippines.     

Some British Phidoloporidae (Bryozoa: Gheilostomatida)

Five British species of Reteporella Busk, 1884 are described and figured. A neotype specimen is selected for R. beaniana (King), and R. incognita sp. nov. is described, and distinguished from R. couchii (Hincks).     

NMR and microbiology: from physiology to metabolomics

Recent advances in the application of NMR to microbiology are reviewed. Instrumental and methodological developments are described. The advantages and the constraints of NMR are illustrated with examples from the literature. Recent work from the authors' laboratories, taken as representative of current research in the field, is described in more detail.     

New psyllids (Insecta: Homoptera: Psylloidea) from Canada

Psylla kananaskensis sp. nov. and Psylla subspiculata sp. nov. are described from specimens collected off Salix sp. in the Kananaskis Valley, Alberta, Canada. Psylla kananaskensis is close to P. arcuata Loginova; P. subspiculata is close to P. spiculata Jensen and P. parallela Crawford. A new dioecous subspecies of Psylla myrtilli is also described from specimens collected off Vaccinium myrtillus L. in the same locality. In addition the following species are recorded from Canada for the first time: Aphalara nubifera Patch, Craspedolepta alaskensis (Ashmead), C. minutissima (Crawford), C. subpunctata (Foerster), Trioza obtusa (Patch) and T. pletschi Tuthill.     

A new species of Syntretus Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Euphorinae), a parasitoid of the stingless bee Trigona carbonaria Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae)

A new species of euphorine braconid, Syntretus trigonaphagus sp. nov., is described and illustrated. This is the first Australian Syntretus species to be described and the first record of braconids parasitising Trigona Jurine stingless bees. Egg-laying by adults and emergence of larvae from the host Trigona carbonaria is detailed. A 12S ribosomal rRNA gene fragment was sequenced to confirm the association of larvae and adults of the wasp parasitoid.     

A new species of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda: Anisakidae) parasite of Ariopsis guatemalensis (Osteichthyes: Ariidae) from Tres Palos lagoon, Mexico

Hysterothylacium perezi n. sp. is described from the intestine of the "cuatete" Ariopsis guatemalensis Günther, 1864 (Osteichthyes: Ariidae), in Tres Palos, a coastal lagoon located in the Mexican Pacific basin. The new species differs from all other species of Hysterothylacium Ward and Magath, 1917, in possessing a spinous postcloacal pad. In addition, H. perezi is readily distinguished from the 21 species described in fishes from America and Hawaii by having the greatest number of caudal papillae (47 to 51 pairs + 1 single, precloacal papillae). This species is the third described from hosts inhabiting estuarine environments in America and the fourth reported in Mexico.     

A new Planthopper (Insecta: Hemiptera: Nogodinidae) from Chiapas amber, middle Miocene of Mexico

A new species of Planthopper, Nogodina chiapaneca sp. nov. from the Mexican Chiapas amber (southeast Mexico) is described. The new species belongs to Nogodinidae: Nogodinini: Nogodinina. This is the second nogodinid species described from Mexican amber. Both species belong to Nogodinina, a taxon with a Neotropical distribution. The only recent species of Nogodina, N. reticulata, ranges from Honduras to Brazil and is unknown from Mexico yet.