共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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在昆虫中,RNAi是一种对抗外源病毒的天然免疫方式,基于生物体中的这种内在机制而建立的RNAi技术已经被广泛用来研究多种昆虫基因的功能。近年的研究结果表明RNAi技术在抵御害虫和防治益虫疾病方面具有潜在的应用价值,有可能对农业有害生物的控制起到巨大的推动作用。本文综述了RNAi与昆虫免疫、及其在昆虫基因功能研究、害虫控制、益虫疾病控制和昆虫系统生物学方面的最新研究进展,并展望了RNAi在昆虫学研究中的发展趋势。 相似文献
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RNAi是由双链RNA(dsRNA)所诱发的转录后水平上的基因沉默.由于对靶基因沉默作用的高度特异性和高效性,因此近年来用于肿瘤性疾病、感染性疾病、遗传性疾病等疾病的基因治疗研究,特别是在抗病毒领域的研究更是成为其应用热点之一.虽然目前RNAi已经较为广泛地应用于动物病毒及各种疾病病毒的基因治疗研究中,但其在应用过程中还有许多亟待解决的问题.本文就RNAi及其在抗病毒领域的应用研究和其存在的问题展开综述. 相似文献
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RNA干扰技术在基因治疗中的应用进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)是一种双链RNA分子在mRNA水平上关闭相应序列基因的表达或使其沉默的过程,在基因治疗方面有着无可比拟的优势,已成功的应用于肿瘤、病毒感染、遗传性疾病及神经系统疾病等重大疾病的治疗.本文将主要介绍siRNA基因治疗的导入方法与途径,以及在不同疾病中,RNAi技术进行基因治疗的应用. 相似文献
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慢病毒载体介导RNAi的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
RNAi通过双链RNA的介导,特异性阻抑相关序列的表达,从而导致转录后水平的基因沉默.广泛存在于真菌、植物和动物等真核生物中.慢病毒载体是理想的真核细胞基因转移工具,被广泛应用于相关的RNAi研究领域,例如抗病毒研究、癌症及其治疗、遗传性疾病的治疗、基因治疗.现已发现,慢病毒载体能够介导组织特异、时间特异的RNAi,在疾病的基因靶向性治疗上必有广阔的前景. 相似文献
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RNA干扰技术治疗疾病 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)现象最早发现于秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans),随后发现该现象普遍存在于真菌、植物和哺乳动物等真核生物,并行使基因调控和抵御外源基因片段侵袭的作用。目前,RNAi分子机制和RNAi在基因功能方面的研究已经取得了突破性的进展。鉴于RNAi在基因沉默中的特异性、高效性和易操作,其在药物筛选和疾病治疗等方面有着广泛的应用前景。然而,RNAi技术用于治疗疾病的安全性尚待确定,分子传递途径也有待进一步的研究。 相似文献
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RNA interference based gene therapy for neurological disease. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Neurodegenerative disorders represent a major class of disorders for which thus far any effective small molecule drug therapy has failed to emerge. RNA interference (RNAi), by which disease genes such as those identified for spino-cerebellar ataxia and Huntington's disease can be specifically silenced, has great potential in becoming a successful therapeutic strategy for these diseases. RNAi has shown therapeutic value in vitro and in animal disease models and clinical trials are currently on their way. However, there are problems, such as toxicity due to non-specific silencing, generation of immune responses and over-saturation of RNAi pathway components that must be overcome in order to establish RNAi as a safe and effective therapy. Current research on the endogenous roles of RNAi, through the action of microRNAs, has offered much knowledge to optimise the exploitation of RNAi. 相似文献
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RNA干扰技术在几项研究领域的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
作为一项新的反向遗传学技术 ,RNA干扰技术正在越来越多地应用于包括鉴定基因功能、疾病治疗、植物病毒抗性研究在内的多项研究领域。在鉴定基因功能研究中 ,由于该技术的操作简便性 ,使得在基因组水平进行大范围的基因功能鉴定成为可能 ;而针对致病相关基因、致病病毒基因组进行RNA干扰 ,可以有效抑制病情恶化 ,有可能成为未来疾病治疗的重要手段 ;同时 ,将RNA干扰技术应用于植物抗病毒研究 ,为工程化植物抗病毒遗传育种提供了一个高效、特异的抗性获得手段。对RNA干扰技术在上述三个研究领域的应用作简要综述 ,并对应用过程中需注意的问题进行了探讨 。 相似文献
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A novel laboratory revolution for disease therapy, the RNA interference (RNAi) technology, has adopted a new era of molecular research as the next generation "Gene-targeted prophylaxis." In this review, we have focused on the chief technological challenges associated with the efforts to develop RNAi-based therapeutics that may guide the biomedical researchers. Many non-curable maladies, like neurodegenerative diseases and cancers have effectively been cured using this technology. Rapid advances are still in progress for the development of RNAi-based technologies that will be having a major impact on medical research. We have highlighted the recent discoveries associated with the phenomenon of RNAi, expression of silencing molecules in mammals along with the vector systems used for disease therapeutics. 相似文献
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Matsushita-Ishiodori Y Kuwabara R Sakakoshi H Endoh T Ohtsuki T 《Bioconjugate chemistry》2011,22(11):2222-2226
RNA interference (RNAi) is being widely explored as a tool in functional genomics and tissue engineering, and in the therapy of intractable diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, we developed a photoinducible RNAi method using photosensitizing carrier proteins, named CLIP-RNAi (CPP-linked RBP-mediated RNA internalization and photoinduced RNAi). Novel carrier proteins were designed for this study to establish a highly efficient delivery system for small interfering RNA (siRNA) or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and to demonstrate light-dependent gene silencing. In addition, the results suggested that the dissociation of the siRNA (or shRNA) from carrier proteins in the cytoplasm is a critical event in CLIP-RNAi-mediated gene silencing. 相似文献
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RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)是由双链RNA介导的,抑制目标基因的表达,沉默靶基因的一种转录后基因沉默机制,并且在真核生物中广泛存在。近年来随着水产养殖业的发展壮大,水产动物疾病频繁爆发,给养殖户带来巨大的经济损失。目前,病毒、寄生虫等病原引起的水产动物疾病的致病机制还有待深入研究。RNA干扰技术的出现为水产动物疾病致病机制的研究提供了强有力的工具。主要对RNA干扰的发现、作用机制以及在水产动物抗病毒和抗寄生虫研究中的应用作以综述,并对未来RNAi技术在水产动物疾病防治中的研究和应用进行了展望,旨为水产动物疾病控制提供参考。 相似文献
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T Hamasaki H Suzuki H Shirohzu T Matsumoto CN D'Alessandro-Gabazza P Gil-Bernabe D Boveda-Ruiz M Naito T Kobayashi M Toda T Mizutani O Taguchi J Morser Y Eguchi M Kuroda T Ochiya H Hayashi EC Gabazza T Ohgi 《PloS one》2012,7(8):e42655
RNA interference (RNAi) is being widely used in functional gene research and is an important tool for drug discovery. However, canonical double-stranded short interfering RNAs are unstable and induce undesirable adverse effects, and thus there is no currently RNAi-based therapy in the clinic. We have developed a novel class of RNAi agents, and evaluated their effectiveness in vitro and in mouse models of acute lung injury (ALI) and pulmonary fibrosis. The novel class of RNAi agents (nkRNA®, PnkRNA™) were synthesized on solid phase as single-stranded RNAs that, following synthesis, self-anneal into a unique helical structure containing a central stem and two loops. They are resistant to degradation and suppress their target genes. nkRNA and PnkRNA directed against TGF-β1mRNA ameliorate outcomes and induce no off-target effects in three animal models of lung disease. The results of this study support the pathological relevance of TGF-β1 in lung diseases, and suggest the potential usefulness of these novel RNAi agents for therapeutic application. 相似文献
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a mechanism displayed by most eukaryotic cells to rid themselves of foreign double-stranded RNA molecules. RNAi has now been demonstrated to function in mammalian cells to alter gene expression, and has been used as a means for genetic discovery as well as a possible strategy for genetic correction. RNAi was first described in animal cells by Fire and colleagues in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. Knowledge of RNAi mechanism in mammalian cell in 2001 brought a storm in the field of drug discovery. During the past few years scientists all over the world are focusing on exploiting the therapeutic potential of RNAi for identifying a new class of therapeutics. The applications of RNAi in medicine are unlimited because all cells possess RNAi machinery and hence all genes can be potential targets for therapy. RNAi can be developed as an endogenous host defense mechanism against many infections and diseases. Several studies have demonstrated therapeutic benefits of small interfering RNAs and micro RNAs in animal models. This has led to the rapid advancement of the technique from research discovery to clinical trials. 相似文献