缩醛磷脂提取和制备的实验研究

通过将新鲜猪心切块、绞碎,制成组织匀浆后,再经一系列过程包括总脂的提取、从总脂提取物中制取磷脂酰乙醇胺、碱水解进一步纯化缩醛磷脂酰乙醇胺以及对获得的缩醛磷脂酰乙醇胺制剂鉴定其纯度。通过Ｉｏｄｉｎｅ ｄｉｓａｐｐｅａｒａｎｃｅ法测出缩醛磷脂酰乙醇胺制剂中的含量为１５．３５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,通过Ｂａｒｔｅｌｌ法测出缩醛磷脂酰乙醇胺制剂中无机磷含量为１６．１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ。因此,获得缩醛磷脂酰乙醇胺制剂的纯     

缩醛磷脂的功能及信号传导机制研究进展

缩醛磷脂(plasmalogen)是甘油骨架C-1位置上含有烯醚键的磷脂,作为哺乳动物细胞质膜的结构成分广泛分布于生物电强的组织中。它可以调节质膜的流动,是多不饱和脂肪酸的储存库,并可作为内源抗氧化剂保护细胞氧化应激。同时,缩醛磷脂还与细胞信号传导有关。     

豚鼠不同组织亚细胞组分中缩醛磷脂酶活性的比较研究

 豚鼠不同组织亚细胞组分中缩醛磷脂酶活性的比较研究吕灿群蔡镇潮（皖南医学院生物化学教研室,芜湖２４１００１）（加拿大玛尼托巴大学医学院生物化学与分子生物学系）缩醛磷脂（Ｐｌａｓｍａｎｏｇｅｎ）是存在于哺乳动物组织内含有烯醚键（Ｖｉｎｙｌｅｔｈｅｒｂｏｎ...     

磷脂转运蛋白的研究

磷脂转运蛋白（ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｌｉｐｉｄｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ，ＰＬＴＰ）最初发现于线粒体和微粒体膜内，它具有促进肝脏可溶性物质交换和运输的作用，其后发现它对磷脂有较强的结合能力。现已在不同的物种如细菌、植物、动物和人体内分离出十几种磷脂转运蛋...     

磷脂转运蛋白的结构及其生物学意义

磷脂转运蛋白的结构及其生物学意义朱全胜,查锡良（上海医科大学生化教研室,上海２０００３２）关键词磷脂转运蛋白,磷脂,细胞膜细胞膜由磷脂双层组成,双分子层中的磷脂分子时刻处在变化之中,不仅表现为磷脂分子从合成部位持续流向细胞膜及膜脂反向流到细胞内,而且...     

《要吃，就吃好的》———动物磷脂与植物磷脂的区别

《要吃,就吃好的》———动物磷脂与植物磷脂的区别磷脂（ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｌｉｐｉｄ,ＰＬ）是一种脂类。脂类是不溶于水而溶于有机溶剂的天然产物。磷脂类主要包括：１．磷脂酰胆硷;２．磷脂酰乙醇胺;３．神经磷脂;４．缩醛磷脂。现在市面上出售的磷脂绝大多数是植物...     

豚鼠心脏CDP-乙醇胺磷酸转移酶的动力学研究

为探讨不同的二价基甘油对三种乙醇胺甘油磷脂生物合成能力的影响,通过对豚鼠乙醇胺磷酸转移酶动力学研究,发现磷脂酰乙醇胺的合成可被1-烷基-2-脂酰甘油和1-烯醚基-2-脂酰甘油抑制,而缩醛磷脂酰乙醇胺的生成不受1,2-二脂酰甘油影响,并提示不同的二价基甘油对乙醇胺磷酸转移酶的抑制作用呈非竞争性抑制,此有利于对三种乙醇胺磷脂酰甘油生物合成的相互协调作用。     

植物细胞的肌醇磷脂信息传递系统

本文就（1）肌醇磷脂信息传递系统在植物中的存在,（2）肌醇磷脂的代谢途径、特点,（3）肌醇磷脂信息传递系统在外界刺激与生理生化反应之间的联系作用三个方面的研究进展进行介绍,并讨论这一领域研究中存在的问题和遇到的困难。     

心磷脂重构与心血管疾病

心磷脂（cardiolipin, CL）是线粒体内膜的特征性磷脂,参与线粒体嵴的形成。心磷脂在线粒体内的合成伴随着特殊的分子重构过程,从而使其自身的4条酰基链形成特定的组成,以发挥其特殊的生理功能。研究发现,心磷脂重构对维持线粒体的形态及功能至关重要,其重构异常是大多数心血管疾病（cardiovascular disease, CVD）共有的病理现象,相应的分子机制研究得到了广泛关注。本文主要对心磷脂的理化特性及其生物合成途径,以及心磷脂重构在巴氏综合征（Barth syndrome, BTHS）、糖尿病心肌病（diabetic cardiomyopathy, DCM）以及心力衰竭（heart failure, HF）等心血管疾病的病理生理过程研究中的进展进行综述,以期为与心磷脂重构相关的心血管疾病的病理生理基础研究和药物干预的分子机制研究提供参考。     

羟基香茅醛缩醛类化合物的合成及对蚊虫的驱避活性

为了寻找新的萜类驱避剂, 以羟基香茅醛为原料, 合成羟基香茅醛二甲缩醛、 羟基香茅醛乙二醇缩醛、 羟基香茅醛1, 3-丙二醇缩醛和羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛, 用红外光谱IR、 质谱MS分析其结构, 对羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛还进行了¹H NMR及¹³C NMR分析。按国标GB/T 13917.9-2009测定了它们对白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus、 中华按蚊Anopheles sinensis及淡色库蚊Culex pipiens的驱避活性。结果表明: 10%（质量分数）羟基香茅醛二甲缩醛和羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛对中华按蚊的驱避时间均达到国标B级; 羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛还对其他的蚊虫具有驱避作用, 20%（质量分数）羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛对白纹伊蚊的驱避时间超过国标B级; 10%（质量分数）羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛对淡色库蚊的驱避时间超过国标A级。这些结果说明它们对不同蚊种驱避活性的差别, 为不同场合的驱蚊需要提供了理论基础。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.