蒙古绵羊和哈萨克绵羊MHC-DRB3基因外显子2的多态性

采用PCR RFLP方法对蒙古绵羊和哈萨克绵羊MHC DRB3 基因第 2外显子 2 85bp的扩增产物进行多态性分析 ,共检测到 17种基因型 ,由A、B、C、D、E、F和H共 7个复等位基因控制。通过酶切图谱分析表明 ,蒙古绵羊和哈萨克绵羊的MHC DRB3 基因第 2外显子的第 15 4、16 8和 2 2 0位的碱基表现出多态性。统计分析表明 ,MHC DRB3 基因的部分基因型频率和等位基因频率在两个群体之间差异显著或极显著 (P <0 10、P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。χ2 适合性检验结果表明 ,蒙古绵羊和哈萨克绵羊的MHC DRB3 基因第 2外显子的HaeⅢ酶切位点均未达到Hardy Weinberg平衡状态 (P <0 0 1)。     

多浪羊MHC-DRB3基因座的PCR-RFLP多态性分析

主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）是由紧密连锁的高度多态的基因位点所组成的染色体上的一个遗传区域,它在动物机体的免疫系统中发挥着非常重要的作用。应用PCR-RFLP技术首次对多浪羊的MHC-DRB3的外显子2进行分子遗传多态性检测与分析。结果显示,多浪羊MHC-DRB3基因的外显子2在TaqⅠ、PstⅠ和HaeⅢ酶切位点存在多态,其酶切位点分别由2、2和6种共显性等位基因控制。综合3种酶切结果,本实验研究在多浪羊中检测到了DRB3基因的24种等位基因。 Abstract:MHC is a chromosomal region consisting of a group of closely linked loci which are highly polymorphic,and plays a central role in the immune system.The restrictive polymorphism of MHC-DRB3 exon2 in Dolang sheep was Analyzed by PCR-RFLPs.The results revealed extensive polymorphisms 2,2 and 6 RFLP types of PCR products were found with enzymes TaqⅠ,PstⅠ and HaeⅢ respectively.Considering all restrictive pattern,24 alleles for DRB3 locus were found in Dolang sheep.     

3个山羊群体中4个微卫星DNA多态性及其与杂种优势的关系

利用4个微卫星标记（OarFCB11,OarAE101,McM218,McM38）对波尔山羊、太行山羊和河北奶山羊的等位基因频率、群体多态信息含量、有效等位基因数、杂合度和遗传距离进行了遗传检测,并测定了波尔山羊与河北奶山羊及太行山羊的杂交效果。结果表明：4个微卫星标记在波尔山羊、太行山羊和河北奶山羊3个品种中存在多态性,可以用于山羊遗传多样性的评估;从不同品种来看,太行山羊的遗传变异程度最大,而波尔山羊的遗传变异程度相对较小;波尔山羊与河北奶山羊的遗传距离大于与太行山羊,波尔山羊与河北奶山羊的杂种优势高于与太行山羊,与实际杂种优势测定结果相符。 Abstract: Gene frequency, polymorphism information contents, number of effective alleles, heterozygosity and genetic distances were studied in Boer goat, Taihang goat and Hebei dairy goat using four microsatellite markers（OarFCB11,OarAE101,McM218,McM38）. The crossing effects on Hebei dairy goat and Taihang goat with Boer goat were tested. The results indicated that there are genetic polymorphisms at four microsatellite markers in three goat breeds. Four microsatellite markers can be used for genetic diversity evaluation in goat breeds. The genetic variability of Taihang goat is the highest, and Boer goat is the lowest in three goat breeds. Genetic distances between Boer goat and Hebei dairy goat is bigger than that between Boer goat and Taihang goat. The heterosis between Boer goat and Hebei dairy goat is higher than that between Boer goat and Taihang goat. It accords with testing results on actual heterosis.     

乌羊和小香羊的RAPD分析

用40条多态引物对乌羊、小香羊、南江黄羊、黑山羊、川东白山羊、波尔山羊和马头山羊7个品种(或群体)进行RAPD分析,其中28条引物扩增出多态性谱带,并用于进一步对12只乌羊个体和12只小香羊个体基因组进行扩增.扩增产物以1.5%琼脂糖凝胶(含0.5μg/ml溴化乙锭)电泳分离.Nei氏公式计算品种间的遗传距离指数和品种内的遗传相似指数,NJ法构建系统聚类图.结果表明:乌羊和川东白山羊间的遗传距离最小,亲缘关系较近,而小香羊与各品种间的遗传距离都较大,亲缘关系较远.乌羊群体及小香羊品种都具有一定的遗传稳定性。 Abstract:A total of 40 primers generated polymorphic loci were used in random amplified polymorphism DNA(RAPD)analysis in seven goat breeds(or populations)including Wu goat,Small-Xiang goat,Nanjiang Brown goat,Black goat,Chuandong white goat,Boer goat,Matou goat.28 of them were selected for further amplification in individuals of 12 Wu goats and 12 Small-Xiang goats because of their different amplified patterns among seven goat breeds.Amplification products were separated by 1.5% agarose gel(contain 0.5μg/ml ethidium bromide)electrophoresis.Genetic distance indexes among breeds and genetic similarity indexes within breed were calculated by Nei,and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by NJ method.The results indicate that the genetic distance index between Wu goat population and Chuandong white goat breed is smallest,therefore Wu goat population is closely related to Chuandong white goat breed.While the genetic distance indexes between Small-Xiang goat breed and any other goat breeds are all big,so Small-Xiang goat breed is far related to any other goat breeds.The results also indicate that the genetic stability either among the Wu goat population or the Small-Xiang goat breed reaches some extent.     

山羊抑制素α亚基基因HaeⅡ酶切多态性及其与产羔数性状的关联分析

以323 只马头山羊、努比山羊、波尔山羊和海门山羊为试验材料, 利用PCR-SSCP、PCR-RFLP和克隆测序等方法对山羊抑制素α亚基基因(INHA)编码区一个片段进行多态性分析, 发现在该基因第284位(登录号: L28815)存在G→A突变, 该突变引起HaeⅡ酶切位点改变; HaeⅡ-RFLP分型结果显示G等位基因为优势等位基因, INHA不同基因型平均产羔数表现为GG>AG>AA。结果显示: INHA可能是影响山羊产羔数性状的一个主效基因, G等位基因可能与高产性状呈正相关。     

5个山羊品种CSN1S2基因的Alw26I酶切

利用PCR-RFLP技术对西农萨能奶山羊、关中奶山羊、陕南白山羊、安哥拉山羊和波尔山羊5个山羊品种的170个个体的αs 2酪蛋白(CSN1S2)基因进行多态性分析,结果表明：扩增大小为310 bp的片段经限制性内切酶Alw26I酶切后表现多态,且5个山羊品种该基因座位均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。西农萨能奶山羊、关中奶山羊、陕南白山羊、安哥拉山羊和波尔山羊的基因杂合度/有效等位基因数/Shaanon信息熵/PIC值分别为0.1589/1.1889/0.2955/0.1463, 0.4114/1.6981/0.6017/0.5171,0.1653/1.1980/0.3046/0.1516,0.0646/1.0691/0.1463/0.0625,0.0541/1.0572/ 0.1270/ 0.0526。分析结果显示,关中奶山羊的遗传多样性最丰富,表现为高度多态;其次是西农萨能奶山羊和陕南白山羊,而安哥拉山羊和波尔山羊的遗传变异程度最低。     

中国汉蒙两族人群MTHFR基因热敏感性多态性分布的比较

为比较中国蒙汉两族人群MTHFR基因第677位核苷酸多态性的分布情况,获得该位点多态性的群体遗传学数据,本研究应用PCR扩增技术, 其扩增产物用限制性核酸内切酶Hinf I消化后进行非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,分析蒙汉族人群中MTHFR基因第677位核苷酸基因型（野生型、杂合型和突变纯合型）的分布频率。结果表明,蒙族人群基因型构成以野生型为主,占45.6％,突变杂合型占39.2％,突变纯合型仅占15.2％,汉族人群基因型构成以突变杂合型为主,占55.7％,野生型仅占17.9％,突变纯合型占26.4％,明显高于蒙族人群。经χ2检验,两组基因型构成比具有显著性差异（P<0.001）;蒙族人群MTHFR 677T等位基因频率为34.8％,经u检验显著低于汉族人群（54.2％）的频率。据此认为,中国蒙族人群MTHFR热敏感性基因突变频率显著低于汉族人群,提示该基因多态性分布在中国不同民族人群中存在差异。 Abstract：The purpose of this study is to compare the genetic polymorphism distribution of the 677th nucleotide of MTHFR between the Mongolian population and the Hans of China,and to obtain the population genetic data of this polymorphism.Using PCR－RFLP method,the authors analyzed the genotypes of the 677th nucleotide of MTHFR in Mongolians and Hans.Results show that in Mongolian population,the proportion of wild type is 45.6％,proportion of heterozygotes is 39.2％ and that of homozygotes is 15.2％; While in Hans,proportions are wild type 17.9％,heterozygotes 55.7％ and homozygotes 26.4％.The ratios of genotypes are significantly different between Mongolian and Han populations(χ2－test,P<0.001).The 677th allele frequency in Mongolians is 34.8％,lower than that in Hans(54.2％,u－test,P<0.001).This suggests that the mutant MTHFR gene frequency is significantly higher in the Han population than in the Mongolian population in China.     

山羊GOLA-DQA2基因多态性与血液免疫性状的相关分析

文章采用PCR-RFLP技术对莱芜黑山羊、波尔山羊、鲁波山羊3个山羊种群的GOLA-DQA2基因外显子2进行遗传多态性研究, 并对其血液免疫指标的效应进行分析。结果表明, 3个山羊种群共检测到4种基因型, 由3个等位基因控制; GOLA-DQA2基因外显子2的第77、79、80和169位的碱基表现出多态性; 多数血液免疫指标品种效应是主要效应; 鲁波山羊中, AB基因型的红细胞计数、白细胞计数分别显著高于BB基因型、BC基因型(P<0.05); AB基因型的红细胞压积显著高于BB、BC 基因型(P<0.05); BC基因型的噬中性粒细胞比率显著高于BB基因型(P<0.05); 波尔山羊和莱芜黑山羊中, 基因型与血液免疫指标之间也有一定的相关性, 但没有达到显著水平。由上述结果初步推测, 在鲁波山羊中, AB、BC基因型是影响红细胞计数、白细胞总数、噬中性粒细胞比率等血液免疫指标的重要因素。研究结果揭示GOLA-DQA2基因与血液免疫指标之间有一定的相关性, 可为山羊的抗病育种提供一定的参考。     

群体遗传不平衡条件下的结构基因遗传共适应特性

本研究以柴达木山羊、柴达木绒山羊和辽宁绒山羊三个群体共147只山羊为材料,利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）技术检测了5种血液蛋白质（酶）基因座的遗传多态性,并进行了结构基因遗传共适应的研究,结果发现：45个基因座组合中有10个基因座组合处于遗传不平衡状态,并且这些遗传不平衡皆单纯由遗传共适应差异造成;除辽宁绒山羊Tf-PA-3组合的遗传不平衡包含非等位基因间的遗传共适应差异外,其他基因座组合的遗传不平衡皆由等位基因间的共适应差异,即单基因座的遗传不平衡造成;LAP-EsD组合的共适应差异在群体间有遗传传递现象。 Abstract:With the technology of PAGE,the genetic polymorphism of blood protein and enzyme was investigated,and genetic co-adaptability among structural genes was studied in three goat populations(147 goats) including Chaidamu goat(CS),Chaidamu Cashmere goat(CRS) and Liaoning Cashmere goat(LRS) in Qinghai Province,China.The results were showed that the genetic disequilibrium of 10 locus combinations was found among 45 locus combinations in the three goat populations,and these genetic disequilibria were caused only by the difference of genetic co-adaptability among genes,because there didn′t exist the linkage disequilibrium among non-allelic genes.The genetic disequilibrium including the difference of genetic co-adaptability between non-allelic genes was only found at Tf-PA-3 locus combinations in LRS population,the other ones were all caused by the genetic disequilibrium at a single locus.The difference of genetic co-adaptability of LAP-EsD locus combinations could be messaged among different populations.     

山羊GOLA-DQB1基因外显子2多态性与免疫性状的相关分析

利用PCR-RFLP技术, 对莱芜黑山羊、鲁波山羊和波尔山羊3个山羊种群共 175 只个体的GOLA-DQB1基因外显子2进行遗传多态性研究, 并对山羊种群的血液免疫指标的效应进行了分析。结果表明: 3个山羊种群共检测到(AA、BB、CC、AB、AC、BC、DD)7种基因型, GOLA-DQB1基因外显子2的第24、151位的碱基表现出多态性。多数指标品种效应是主要效应。莱芜黑山羊中, BC基因型的淋巴细胞百分比(W-SCR)显著高于AC 、CC基因型(P<0.05), 中性球比例(W-LCR)显著低于CC基因型(P<0.05), 大型白细胞数(W-LCC)低于AC、CC基因型, 但差异不显著(P>0.05)。波尔山羊中, BC基因型的W-LCC低于AA 、AB 、BB基因型, 但差异不显著(P>0.05)。鲁波山羊中, BC 、AC基因型的W-LCC显著低于AA基因型(P<0.05)。揭示GOLA-DQB1基因与血液免疫性状有一定的相关性。     

犬MC1R基因T105A基因座多态性及 与毛色性状相关性的研究The

为了检测犬MC1R基因T105A基因座的多态性,并分析该多态性与犬毛色表型的相关性,抽取111只外科手术学实验用杂种犬血液并提取DNA,记录毛色表型。采用PCR-RFLP技术,对MC1R基因T105A基因座进行基因多态性分析,并对该基因座DNA进行克隆测序;用二元变量相关分析的统计学方法分析基因座多态性与毛色性状之间的相关性。经PCR-RFLP分析结果表明,T105A基因座序列具有多态性,表现为A、B二个等位基因和AA、AB及BB 3种基因型。A、B等位基因频率分别为72.97%和27.03%,基因杂合度（H）为0.39。基因型AA频率为55.86%,BB为9.91%,AB为34.23%。对T105A多态性片段DNA克隆测序后发现,MC1R基因在编码第105位氨基酸的密码子第一个碱基存在由G到A的单碱基突变,该突变导致第105位氨基酸发生由丙氨酸向苏氨酸的改变。统计分析结果表明MC1R基因T105A基因座的多态性与毛色性状不存在显著的相关性,这可能是由于外科手术学实验用犬是杂种犬,其遗传背景不同所致,尚须在纯种犬群体中进一步研究MC1R基因对毛色的影响。 Abstract: In order to detect the polymorphism of T105A in MC1R gene in dogs and to analyze the relationship between the genetic polymorphisms and phenotypes of dog coat color, the blood samples of 111 cross-breed dogs were taken and their genomic DNAs were extracted. The phenotypes of dog coat color were recorded. The T105A locus of MC1R gene in the canine was detected through the technology of PCR-RFLP. Furthermore, the polymorphic fragments at T105A were sequenced. The relationships between the polymorphism of T105A and coat color trait were analyzed by the statistical methods of bivarate correlation analysis. By the method of PCR-RFLP, the T105A polymorphism was found with two alleles A and B and three genotypes AA, AB and BB. The frequencies of two alleles were 72.97% and 27.03%, respectively. The heterozygosity of T105A locus was 0.39. The frequencies of three genotypes were 55.86%, 34.23% and 9.91%, respectively. According to the results of sequencing, one base change from G to A at the position 105 was found at T105A locus and it altered amino acid at the position 105 from alanine to threonine. According to the statistical analysis, no significant association between the polymorphism of MC1R gene and the coat color was found and the result may be due to the differences of genetic background. Further research on MC1R gene should be done in pure breed dogs.     

5个山羊品种CSN1S2基因的Alw26Ⅰ酶切多态性分析

利用PCR RFLP技术对西农萨能奶山羊、关中奶山羊、陕南白山羊、安哥拉山羊和波尔山羊5个品种的170个个体的αs2酪蛋白(CSN1S2)基因进行多态性分析,结果表明:扩增大小为310bp的片段经限制性内切酶Alw26Ⅰ酶切后表现多态,且5个山羊品种该基因座位均处于Hardy Weinberg平衡状态。西农萨能奶山羊、关中奶山羊、陕南白山羊、安哥拉山羊和波尔山羊的基因杂合度/有效等位基因数/Shaanon信息熵/PIC值分别为0.1589/1.1889/0.2955/0.1463,0.4114/1.6981/0.6017/0.5171,0.1653/1.1980/0.3046/0.1516,0.0646/1.0691/0.1463/0.0625,0.0541/1.0572/0.1270/0.0526。分析结果显示,关中奶山羊的遗传多样性最丰富,表现为高度多态;其次是西农萨能奶山羊和陕南白山羊,而安哥拉山羊和波尔山羊的遗传变异程度最低。     

5个山羊品种CSN1S2基因的A/W26Ⅰ酶切多态性分析

利用PCR-RFLP技术对西农萨能奶山羊、关中奶山羊、陕南白山羊、安哥拉山羊和波尔山羊5个品种的170个个体的αs2酪蛋白(CSN1S2)基因进行多态性分析,结果表明:扩增大小为310 bp的片段经限制性内切酶Alw26Ⅰ酶切后表现多态,且5个山羊品种该基因座位均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态.西农萨能奶山羊、关中奶山羊、陕南白山羊、安哥拉山羊和波尔山羊的基因杂合度/有效等位基因数/Shaanon信息熵/PIC值分别为0.1589/1.1889/0.2955/0 1463,0.4114/1.6981/0.6017/0.5171,0 1653/1.1980/0 3046/0.1516,0 0646/1.0691/0.1463/0.0625,0 0541/1.0572/0.1270/0.0526.分析结果显示,关中奶山羊的遗传多样性最丰富,表现为高度多态;其次是西农萨能奶山羊和陕南白山羊,而安哥拉山羊和波尔山羊的遗传变异程度最低.     

山羊生长激素基因5调控区的多态性分析

以鲁北白山羊、引进波尔山羊、纯繁波尔山羊以及鲁北白山羊与波尔山羊的杂交一代、回交一代共计274个个体为研究材料,用两对引物分别扩增山羊生长激素(GH)基因5^'区的26－239bp以及225－429bp片段,扩增产物经SSCP分析发现均存在多态性。在26－239bp片段上,波尔山羊及杂交后代以 AA型个体占多数,而鲁北白山羊则BB型个体较多;在225－429bp片段上,所有种群均以 CC型个体较多。对两个片段的纯合型（AA,BB;CC,DD）分别克隆测序发现：（1）26－239bp片段上AA型在第60位发生了C→T的突变,第211位发生碱基C的丢失,（2）225－429bp片段上,DD型存在3处突变,分别为264位由T→C,292位由T→A,372位由C→T。上述结果为首次实验证实山羊生长激素5^'调控区存在序列多态性。     

山羊生长激素基因5′调控区的多态性分析

以鲁北白山羊、引进波尔山羊、纯繁波尔山羊以及鲁北白山羊与波尔山羊的杂交一代、回交一代共计274个个体为研究材料,用两对引物分别扩增山羊生长激素(GH)基因5′区的26～239bp以及225～429bp片段,扩增产物经SSCP分析发现均存在多态性.在26～239bp片段上,波尔山羊及杂交后代以AA型个体占多数,而鲁北白山羊则BB型个体较多;在225～429bp片段上,所有种群均以CC型个体较多.对两个片段的纯合型(AA,BB;CC,DD)分别克隆测序发现:(1)26～239bp片段上AA型在第60位发生了C→T的突变,第211位发生碱基C的丢失,(2)225～429bp片段上,DD型存在3处突变,分别为264位由T→C,292位由T→A,372位由C→T.上述结果为首次实验证实山羊生长激素5′调控区存在序列多态性.     

山东临朐胃癌高发人群和北京人群Lewis血型抗原相关SE基因多态性分析

为探讨宿主的遗传背景和幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori）相关胃癌的易感性之间的关系,本文采用PCR产物直接测序和PCR-RFLP的方法,检测142例山东临朐县胃癌高发人群个体（包括69例癌症患者和73例非癌个体）和93例北京正常对照个体SE基因多态性的分布特点。结果显示：sew/sew基因型在山东非癌个体和北京人群之间的分布差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01,OR=3.06,95% CI,1.28~7.30）,sew/sew基因型在山东癌症病人和非癌个体之间分布频率无显著性差异,H.pylori感染状况与SE基因型的分布也无关联性。提示：sew/sew纯合突变在山东临朐人群中分布频率较高,可能为临朐人群的遗传标记之一。 Abstract:To study the relation between host genetic backgroud and the susceptibility to H.pylori associated gastric cancer,PCR-sequencing and PCR-RFLP were used to screen SECRETOR gene polymorphisms in 142 subjects including 69 cancer patients and 73 non-cancer individuals from high-risk area of gastric cancer in Shandong and 93 control individuals from Beijing.Results showed that the difference in sew/sew distribution between non-cancer individuals and Beijing population was significant(P＜0.01,OR is 3.06,95% CI,1.28~7.30),but that between cancer patients and non-cancer individuals was not with significance.SE gene polymorphism was not relevant to H.pylori infection.We concluded that Shandong population from high-risk area of gastric cancer shared a high distribution of sew/sew genotype,which could be considered as one of the genetic markers.     

IGFBP3基因多态性与秦川牛部分屠宰性状的相关性 Polymorphisms of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 Gene and Its Associations with Several Carcass Traits in Qinchuan Cattle

以IGFBP3基因作为秦川牛（Bos taurus）部分屠宰指标的侯选基因,在对60头秦川牛的IGFBP3基因进行PCR-RFLP和序列分析的基础上,对秦川牛群体中IGFBP3基因座等位基因和基因型频率的分布及其与秦川牛部分屠宰性状的关系进行了分析。结果发现,在秦川牛群体中,651 bp的PCR 产物经过限制性内切酶HaeIII消化后,表现出3种基因型,其中等位基因A、B及3种基因型AA、AB、BB的频率分别为0.84、0.16和070、0.28、0.02。经序列分析发现,第299位的C→A颠换（GGCC变成了GGAC）导致了1个HaeIII限制性酶切位点的丢失而产生了该基因座多态性。在所研究的群体中,该多态基因座处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态（P＞005）。对13头24月龄秦川牛进行屠宰分析,发现不同基因型对秦川牛部分屠宰指标有一定影响,AA、AB及BB型个体的屠宰率、净肉率及西冷、牛柳、眼肉和嫩肩肉的产率逐渐降低,但差异不显著（P＞0.05）;AA型个体的眼肌面积大于BB型个体（P＜0.05）,AB型和BB型个体胴体脂肪含量高于AA型个体（P＜0.01）。 Abstract:DNA samples from 60 Qinchuan cattle (Bos taurus) were analyzed with PCR-RFLPs and sequencing for insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) gene.Fragments of 651 bp were amplified with two primers and the products of PCR were digested with restriction endonuclease HaeIII.The produced fragments showed three genotypes,namely AA,AB and BB after electrophoresis.Frequencies of the genotype AA,AB,BB and allele A,B were 0.7,0.28,0.02,and 0.84,0.16,respectively.Sequence analysis showed that a transversion of C→A at 299 nt resulted in loss of the cleaved site of restriction endonuclease HaeIII and produced this polymorphism.This polymorphic locus of IGFBP3 gene was at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P＞0.05).The genotypes of AA,AB,BB slightly affected several slaughter and carcass traits of Qinchuan cattle.Dressing percentage,net meat percentage,striplion percentage,tenderloin percentage,ribeye percentage and tender shoulder percentage were decreased with the genotypes of AA,AB and BB in Qinchuan cattle,but it was not significant (P＞0.05).Average ribeye area in individuals of AA genotype was significantly higher than that in individuals of BB genotype (P＜0.05),and beef fat content in individuals of genotype AB and BB was significantly higher than that in individuals of AA genotype (P＜0.01).     

湖羊、东湖杂种羊POMC基因外显子3单核苷酸多态性及其与生长性状的关联分析

阿黑皮素原(Pro-opiomelanocortin, POMC)在动物采食和能量平衡调控中发挥重要作用, 文章对绵羊POMC基因外显子3进行扩增和测序, 筛选多态性位点, 并分析多态位点与湖羊和东弗里生×湖羊杂种羊生长性状的相关性。测序后发现湖羊POMC基因外显子3有2个单碱基突变(g.273 T/C和g.456 G/A), 根据273位点处发生的T/C突变, 建立PCR-RFLP分析方法, 并对162只湖羊和130只东湖杂种羊进行检测分析。结果发现, 在湖羊群体中检测到TT(0.469)、TC(0.438)和CC(0.093)3种基因型, 而在东湖杂种羊群体中仅检测到TT(0.754)和TC(0.246)两种基因型。POMC基因外显子3的273位点多态性与生长性状的相关性研究结果显示：湖羊群体中CC基因型个体的2月龄断奶重、4月龄尻高及TC基因型个体4月龄体长和管围均显著高于TT型个体(P<0.05); CC基因型个体的4月龄重、6月龄重极显著高于TT和TC基因型个体(P<0.01); CC基因型个体的4月龄体高和体长极显著高于TT型个体(P<0.01), 且显著高于TC基因型个体(P<0.05)。此外, CC型个体的管围极显著高于TT基因型个体(P<0.01)。东湖杂种羊群体中TC基因型个体的2月龄断奶重、4月龄重及4月龄体高、体长、胸深和管围都显著高于TT型个体(P<0.05), TC型个体的6月龄重极显著高于TT型个体(P<0.01)。研究结果表明, POMC基因外显子3与绵羊生长性状相关, C等位基因对体重及体尺性状的增加更有利。该结果为进一步探讨POMC基因作为绵羊生长性状的辅助选育标记奠定了基础。     

新疆蒙古族对糖精和乙酰水杨酸尝味能力的分析

对710名（男328人,女382人）新疆蒙古族进行了糖精和乙酰水杨酸尝味能力的检测分析。结果表明,蒙古人群中的糖精味盲率为4.648%,没有尝味能力的隐性基因频率为0.2156,具有尝味能力的显性基因频率为0.7844,平均尝味阈值为8.009±1.34（0.108mol/L）。乙酰水杨酸的尝味阈值分布出现了非常明显的双峰一谷分布,表明该性状是单基因决定的性状,谷底7号液（3.00×10-4 mol/L）是味盲的界限,味盲的峰值在1号液(1.7×10-2mol/L),尝味者的峰值在11号液（1.25×10-5mol/L）,味盲率为90.282%,。经χ2检验,男、女性的味盲率无显著差异（P＞0.90）,表明决定乙酰水杨酸尝味能力的基因位于常染色体,对该基因的显隐性等特点尚需通过家系分析进行确定。 Abstract:The saccharin and aspirin tasting abilities have been detected and analyzed in 710 individuals (328men,382women)of Xinjiang Mongol.It is showed that the saccharin taste- blindness ratio among Mongolians was 4.648%,frequency of the recessive gene determining taste-blindness and the dominant gene determining taste ability was 0.2156,and 0.7844 respectively,and its mean testable threshold was 8.00±1.34 (0.108mol/L).Distribution of aspirin tasting threshold appeared a distinct curve with double peaks and single bottom,and demonstrated the aspirin tasting ability was a monogenic character.Solution NO.7 (3.00×10-4mol/L) at the bottom in the curve was the boundary of taste-blindness.The peak of taste-blindness was at the solution NO.1 (1.7×10-2mol/L),and the peak of tasters was at the solution NO.11 (1.25×10-5mol/L),The ratio of aspirin taste-blindness was 90.28%.The χ2 test has been used to evaluate the statistical difference in aspirin taste-blindness ratio between male and female,the result showed that there was no significant difference (P＞0.90),and the gene determining for aspirin tasting ability located on autosomes.