广东小毛瓢虫三新种记述：鞘翅目：瓢虫科

广东车八岭国家级自然保护区位于粤北,是南亚热带向中亚热带过渡地带,瓢虫资源相当丰富,目前已知82种。本文描述的是其中的3个新种,模式标本保存于华南农业大学昆虫标本室。     

新疆麦田瓢虫种类记述：鞘翅目：瓢虫科

本文记述了采自新疆麦田的瓢虫科昆虫１７种,其中包括１新种即塔城毛瓢虫Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ ｔａｃｈｅｎｇｉｃｕｓ Ｙｕ和１中国新记录即黄足小毛瓢虫Ｓ．ｐａｌｌｉｐｅｓ Ｍｕｌｓａｎｔ,并对一些种的种名和特征作了进一步的说明。     

中国小毛瓢虫二新种记述(鞘翅目：瓢虫科)

中国小毛瓢虫二新种记述（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）任顺祥,庞雄飞（华南农业大学昆虫生态室广州５１０６４２）本文描述采自贵州和四川的小毛瓢虫属ＳｃｙｍｎｕｓＫｕｇｅｌａｎｎ小毛瓢虫亚属Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ（Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ）Ｋｕｇｅｌａｎｎ二新种。模式标本保存于华南农业...     

广西小毛瓢虫四新种记述(鞘翅目:瓢虫科)

本文描述采自广西壮族自治区小毛瓢虫属(Scymnus Kugelann)的四新种,均隶属于小瓢虫亚属Scymnus(Pullus)Mulsant。其中包括刺端小瓢虫Scymnus(Pullus)cnidatus sp. nov.,弯端小瓢虫Scymnus(Pullus)accamptus sp. nov.,紫背小瓢虫Scymnus(Pullus)notus sp. nov.,黄胸小瓢虫Scymnus(Pullus)xanthostethus sp.nox.。模式标本保存于华南农业大学昆虫标本室。     

七星瓢虫（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）触角的扫描电镜观察

用扫描电子显微镜对两性七星瓢虫的触角进行了观察 ,结果显示 ,鳞状触角分七节 ,分别为雄性 95 0 0 0±81 16 μm而雌性为 972 0 0± 9 5 7μm长。电镜下可观察到七星瓢虫触角有 8种类型的感觉器 (sensillae) ,即 :chaetica(Ch) ,trichoidea(Tr) ,basiconica(Ba) ,campaniformia(Ca) ,ampucellaceous(Am) ,scolopalia(Sc) ,placodea(Pl)和钩状感觉器。Ch在雄性长为 6 2 5 0± 2 89而在雌性为 72 5 0± 5 0 0 μm。Tr在雄性长为 10 75± 1 5 0 μm而在雌性为 14 98± 2 2 5 μm长。Ba在雄雌两性中分别为 5 7± 0 0 2 μm和 0 75± 0 0 6 μm长。Ca为半球状 ,其直径在两性中均在 3 0 μm。Am的直径在雄雌中分别为 1 2和 1 5 μm。Ca为椭圆内陷盘状。Sc在其顶部较阔而在末端尖锐 ,2 5 μm。在雄性触角上观察到一钩状感觉器 ,长 2 1 0 μm ,它表明七星瓢虫在触角上的性别两型性。在雄雌中其感觉器Ch ,Ca ,Am ,Pl的数量上接近。Tr在雄性触角上数量较大而Ba则在雌性触角上数量较多。     

方突毛瓢虫属一新种记述(鞘翅目：瓢虫科)

方突毛瓢虫属Pseudoscymnus Chapin隶属于小毛瓢虫族Scymnini,本属的主要特征为触角9节,第1,2节宽大,其余7节紧密连接成纺锤形的短棒;前胸腹板纵隆线明显,围成近于方形的纵隆区,前胸腹板侧叶于基节窝前甚狭窄;跗节3节。 本属国内分布记录有陕西,福建,台湾,广东,广西,云南。国外分布于日本、密克罗尼     

云南丽江地区华山松上瓢虫种类记述(鞘翅目:瓢虫科)

本文记述的１８种瓢虫采自云南丽江的华山松上,其上有球蚜（Ｐｉｎｅｕｓｓｐ．） 寄生。包括１个新种——华山松小瓢虫Ｓｃｙｍ ｎｕｓ（Ｐｕｌｌｕｓ） ｈｕａｓｈａｎｓｏｎｇ, ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ． 和１个中国新记录种——团聚丽瓢虫Ａｄａｌｉａ ｃｏｎｇｌｏｍｅｒａｔａ （Ｌ．）, ３种鉴定到属或亚属。其中的１４种瓢虫同时采自铁杉,其上有铁杉球蚜（Ａｄｅｌｇｅｓ ｔｓｕｇａｅ）寄生。新种华山松小瓢虫Ｓｃｙｍ ｎｕｓ（Ｐｕｌｌｕｓ） ｈｕａｓｈａｎｓｏｎｇ （图１）体长２．６５ｍ ｍ ,体宽１．８０ｍ ｍ 。头黑色,口器及触角红褐色;前胸背板黑色;小盾片黑色;鞘翅红褐色。从头、前胸背板和小盾片黑色而鞘翅红褐色,该种易与它种区分;而从外生殖器而言,它与弯端小瓢虫Ｓ． （Ｐ．） ａｃｃａｍｐｔｕｓ Ｐａｎｇ ｅｔＰｕ 相似,但新种阳基较纤细,第１腹板上的后基线弯曲度大拱形明显而区分。新种模式标本１９９７年９月２４日虞国跃采于云南丽江文笔山,存北京市农林科学院植保环保研究所。     

湖南小毛瓢虫属三新种记述(鞘翅目:瓢虫科)

本文记述小毛瓢虫属Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ　Ｋｕｇｅｌａｎｎ小瓢虫亚属Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ（Ｐｕｌｌｕｓ）Ｍｕｌｓａｎｔ三新种：枝角小瓢虫Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ（Ｐｕｌｌｕｓ）ｃｌａｄｏｃｅｒｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,鞭丝小瓢虫Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ（Ｐｕｌｌｕｓ）ｍａｓｔｉｇｏｉｄｅｓ　ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,肾斑小瓢虫Ｓｃｙｍｎｕｓ（Ｐｕｌｌｕｓ）ｎｅｐｈｒｏｓｐｉｌｕｓ　ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

中国食螨瓢虫名录及一新种记述（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）

本文以时间顺序记录了中国已知食螨瓢虫２４种,给出了参考文献（黑体页码表示此文献无雄性外生殖器图）及分布,其中包括１新种。     

Survey and distribution of lady beetles [Coccinellidae] in citrus groves in Israel

The importance ofCoccinellidae species found in the citrus groves of Israel was evaluated according to their prey, frequency and distribution. Dense populations of aphidophagous coccinellids were found very often, feeding on scale insects in citrus groves where none of their usual prey was present; these may therefore also be important as scale predators. A few species were distributed equally in all areas, some were more frequent in the Coastal Plain and others in the warmer parts of the country.     

“二十八星”瓢虫的辨识

“二十八星”瓢虫是指两鞘翅上共有 2 8个斑点的瓢虫 ,而不是一个纯分类学上的名词。已知的“二十八星”瓢虫都是植食性的 ,其中有些是农业上的重要害虫 ,也是鞘翅目中最重要的害虫类群之一。刘崇乐 [1]曾对华北“二十八星”瓢虫进行辨识 ,共记述 3种及 1亚种 ,但有些学名已作了变更 ;庞雄飞等[2 ] 对 5种“二十八星”瓢虫的分布和食性作了区分 ,并提出把这些近似种区别开来 ,重新调查、观察其食性 ,以明确其寄主转移关系 ,对防治这类害虫有重要的实践意义。近年来随着耕作制度的变化 ,“二十八星”瓢虫为害越来越严重。由于其中的马铃薯瓢…     

Susceptibility of lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to entomopathogenic nematodes

We investigated differential susceptibility of lady beetles to entomopathogenic nematodes, for two reasons: (1) to estimate potential nontarget effects on natural lady beetle populations, (2) to compare the susceptibility of exotic versus native lady beetle species. We hypothesize that successful establishment of some exotically introduced arthropods may be due, in part, to a lower susceptibility relative to competing native species. In laboratory studies, we compared the pathogenicity, virulence, and reproductive capacity of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae among two native (Coleomegilla maculata and Olla v-nigrum) and two successfully established exotic (Harmonia axyridis and Coccinella septempunctata) lady beetles, and a known susceptible lepidopteran host, Agrotis ipsilon. After 1 and 2 days of exposure to either nematode species, mortality of A. ipsilon was higher than in all lady beetles. Thus, we predict that nematode field applications would have significantly less impact on lady beetle populations than on a susceptible target pest. Additionally, the impact of soil-applied nematodes may be lower on lady beetles than on soil-dwelling hosts because the former spends relatively less time on the soil. Exotic lady beetles were less susceptible to nematode infection than native species. Reproductive capacity data also indicated lower host suitability in H. axyridis, but not in C. septempunctata. Overall, the hypothesis that low susceptibility to pathogens in certain exotic lady beetles may have contributed to competitive establishment was supported (especially for H. axyridis). Additional studies incorporating different hosts and pathogens from various geographic locations will be required to further address the hypothesis.     

Barcode haplotype variation in north American agroecosystem lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

DNA barcodes have proven invaluable in identifying and distinguishing insect pests, most notably for determining the provenance of exotic invasives, but relatively few insect natural enemies have been barcoded. We used Folmer et al.’s (1994) universal invertebrate primers and Hebert et al.’s (2004) for Lepidoptera, to amplify 658 bp at the 5′ end of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (COI) gene in five species of lady beetles from crop fields in six states in the US Mid‐Atlantic, Plains and Midwest: three native species, Hippodamia convergens Guérin‐Méneville, H. parenthesis (Say) and Coleomegilla maculata (De Geer); and two exotic species, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) and Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus. Sequence divergences within species were low, never exceeding 0.9% (Kimura 2‐parameter distances). Sequence divergences between the two Hippodamia species ranged from 14.7 to 16.4%, mirroring the relationships found for other arthropod taxa. Among the exotic species, C. septempunctata sequences were as variable as those of the three native species, while H. axyridis populations comprised a single haplotype. Limited data on two Coleomegilla subspecies, C. m. lengi Timberlake and C. m. fuscilabris (Mulsant), are consistent with their belonging to the same species, although morphological and reproductive data indicate that they represent separate species. Our results support the general utility of COI barcodes for distinguishing and diagnosing coccinellid species, but point to possible limitations in the use of barcodes to resolve species assignments in recently divergent sibling species.     

Predation by adult and larval lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on initial contact with lady beetle eggs

Na?ve adults and larvae of the native lady beetles Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer), Cycloneda munda (Say), Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville, Olla v-nigrum (Mulsant), and the exotic lady beetle Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were tested for their initial response to eggs of these five lady beetle species and for egg consumption on first contact and after 3 h. Additionally, field-collected O. v-nigrum and H. axyridis adults were tested. C. maculata, H. axyridis, and O. v-nigrum adults responded similarly to all egg species on first contact. Higher numbers of C. munda adults did not eat C. maculata, H. convergens, and O. v-nigrum eggs on first contact compared with numbers that did eat C. munda and H. axyridis eggs. H. convergens adults always ate C. munda eggs but hardly ate H. axyridis eggs on first contact. Results showed that over the 3-h interval, egg predation by those predators feeding on first contact was always higher, except for adults and larvae of C. maculata, than for those that did not feed on first contact. Thus, acceptance of eggs on initial contact does impact egg survival. It is likely that eggs of all native species tested (i.e., C. maculata, C. munda, H. convergens, and O. v-nigrum), but not exotic H. axyridis eggs, are suitable food for C. maculata, H. convergens, and O. v-nigrum, whereas only C. munda eggs serve as suitable food for C. munda. In direct contrast, all egg species tested would likely serve as suitable food for the exotic H. axyridis.     

Ovarian dynamics and oosorption in two species of predatory lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Abstract Ovarian development and oviposition dynamics of two species of lady beetle, Coccinella septempunctata L. and C. transversoguttata richardsoni Brown, are examined in laboratory experiments in which pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) are provided ad libitum and then removed. Both species respond to prey removal by stabilizing at lower body weights, and by laying progressively fewer and smaller eggs of reduced viability, until oviposition ceases altogether after several days of starvation. Dissections of females after prey removal reveal similar patterns of oosorption in both species. However, C. septempunctata reduces oviposition more rapidly after prey removal than does C. transversoguttata. When prey are again provided, C. septempunctata soon lay as many eggs as previously but C. transversoguttata lay fewer. Females, especially of C. septempunctata, that stop producing and resorb eggs in the absence of prey lay more eggs subsequently than do females that feed continually on prey provided ad libitum and lay eggs throughout the experiment. Thus, although both species are responsive to a rapid change in prey availability, C. septempunctata appears to be especially responsive. Rapid responses to changes in prey availability may contribute to the greater abundance and reproductive success of this introduced species relative to the native C. transversoguttata in western North American alfalfa fields that exhibit widely varying pea aphid densities. However, both species engage in oosorption as a means of reserving resources under poor prey conditions and enhancing future reproductive effort when prey conditions improve.     

异色瓢虫幼虫对卵的种内自残和种间捕食

自残现象的发生在异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis中很是常见,为明确自残行为对其存活和生长发育的影响,在非选择性条件下我们对异色瓢虫幼虫对非姊妹卵的种内自残和对七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata卵的种间捕食进行了研究。结果表明,异色瓢虫取食同种卵和异种卵均可完成生长发育,与取食蚜虫相比：①其从卵到成虫及蛹期的发育历期明显缩短（P<0.05）,其中1龄幼虫发育历期缩短非常明显（P<0.01）;②自然条件下高死亡率的1龄幼虫的存活率明显提高（P<0.05）;③2-4龄幼虫、蛹和成虫的体重变轻（P<0.05）,且体长在4龄幼虫间也表现出显著差异（P<0.05）。这表明异色瓢虫种内自残和种间捕食对其在食物恶劣条件下延续种群至关重要,但对种群的繁衍却不是最理想的途径。     

Different response in respiration between predaceous and phytophagous lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to starvation

Population Ecology - Survival times and changes in the respiratory rates and the live body weights of a predaceous lady beetle,Coccinella septempunctata bruckii Mulsant, and a phytophagous lady...     

Survey and distribution of common lady beetles [Col. Coccinellidae] on data palm trees in Israel

Résumé Pendant la période de 1961–1965 une étude a été faite sur les entomophages de la cochenille du palmier-dattier,Parlatoria blanchardi Targ., en Isra?l. Parmi les ennemis naturels les plus efficaces, il faut citer les Coccinellides, les Hyménoptères parasites et les Coléoptères du genreCybocephalus. Seulement 7 espèces de Coccinellides parmi les 25 trouvées sur les palmiers sont des prédateurs directs deParlatoria. Leur répartition varie dans les différentes régions du pays. Quatre espèces dePharoscymnus ont une importance primordiale et sont largement distribuées. L'espèce la plus fréquente et la plus répandue estPh. numidicus Pic.

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Contribution from The National and University Institute of Agriculture, Rehovot, Israel. 1966 Series No. 1073-E.     

Larval life history responses to food deprivation in three species of predatory lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

We studied life history responses of larvae of three coccinellid species, Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer), Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville, and Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), when deprived of food for different periods of time during the fourth stadium. The coccinellid species did not differ in starvation resistance when larvae were starved throughout the stadium; however, for larvae fed only on day 1 of the stadium, H. convergens had the highest starvation resistance, followed by H. axyridis and then C. maculata. Percentage weight loss of larvae was affected by food deprivation period and coccinellid species. Both C. maculata and H. axyridis lost significantly more weight than H. convergens when starved throughout the fourth stadium. When deprived of food for 4 d of the stadium, C. maculata lost a higher percentage of initial body weight than H. axyridis. Percentage weight loss of H. convergens did not differ from that of C. maculata or H. axyridis. The weight of fourth instars and adults declined in an accelerating pattern as food deprivation period increased. However, food deprivation period had no significant effect on pupal development time for any of the three species or on larval development time for C. maculata and H. convergens. The increase in H. axyridis larval development time as a result of an increase in food deprivation period was curvilinear. Based on this laboratory study, it would seem that H. convergens is better able to cope with acute nutritional stress than either C. maculata or H. axyridis.