四川毛寨自然保护区兽类资源调查

2005年10～11月年和2006年4月,对四川青川县毛寨自然保护区兽类资源进行了调查。根据调查并结合访问、查阅历史资料,确认毛寨保护区有哺乳动物66种,隶7目26科。东洋界有45种,古北界有15种,广布种6种。兽类以东洋界成分为主,出现了一定程度的南北混杂现象。66种兽类中,啮齿目种类最多,有7科22种,占保护区兽类总数的33.33%;其次是食肉目,有7科16种,占24.24%;食虫目3科10种,占15.15%;偶蹄目4科8种,占12.12%;翼手目2科6种,占9.09%;灵长目和兔形目各2种,各占3.03%。保护区有国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物6种,Ⅱ级10种。有东洋界特有科2科,即熊猫科和刺山鼠科。保护区分布有两个值得关注的物种,即猪尾鼠和可能为藏鼠兔的一个新亚种的藏鼠兔。     

四川九寨沟自然保护区兽类调查

2002 年至2003 年, 对九寨沟自然保护区兽类进行了6 次野外考察。调查确认, 保护区有兽类78 种, 其中东洋界种类50 种, 古北界种类25 种, 广布种3 种; 有10 种分布型。保护区兽类物种分布体现了较高的南北类群渗透性和残遗性; 有20 种国家I、II 级保护动物, 其中I 级6 种, 珍稀性较明显; 有四川林跳鼠、四川毛尾睡鼠、沟牙田鼠等稀有小型种类; 随着海拔增加, 兽类分布呈现古北界种类增多, 东洋界种类减少的趋势, 但在海拔3 200～3 600 m , 古北界和东洋界种类都仍然丰富, 仍然表现出区系的过渡性特征。     

四川海子山自然保护区兽类资源调查初报

2003~2005年对四川海子山自然保护区兽类资源进行了3次野外调查,结合历史文献确认保护区有兽类64种。其中东洋界种类有32种,古北界种类30种,广布种2种。保护区兽类有11种分布型,有国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物6种,Ⅱ级保护动物20种。有我国特有或主要分布于我国的兽类31种。保护区兽类的特点是大型兽类如白唇鹿、水鹿、林麝、马麝、黑熊、马熊等资源非常丰富,种群数量大、密度高,具有很高的保护价值;小型兽类资源丰富,有较多的珍稀物种。     

四川喇叭河自然保护区的兽类资源

2002年7～9月对四川喇叭河自然保护区的兽类资源进行了初步调查,结果统计保护区共有兽类76种,隶属7目23科.保护区内有国家I级保护兽类5种,国家II级保护兽类16种.在76种兽类中,古北界种类14种,占18.4%;东洋界59种,占77.6%;3种为广布种,占4.0%.保护区兽类种类丰富,种群数量大.数量最多、分布最广的是牛羚、水鹿,其次有藏酋猴和金丝猴.兽类主要集中分布在保护索索棚一带.     

四川若尔盖湿地国家级自然保护区繁殖期黑颈鹤调查

于2012年5⁹月,对四川若尔盖湿地国家级自然保护区的黑颈鹤Grus nigricollis数量及分布进行了调查。共记录到287只黑颈鹤,其中5月70只,包括繁殖鹤群18对36只(占51.4%),3只以上的非繁殖鹤群3群27只(群体大小分别是4只、8只和15只),占38.6%,单只鹤7只(占10.0%)。7月份观察记录到黑颈鹤121只,繁殖鹤群有41对82只,占观察数量97只(除幼鹤外)的84.5%,单只鹤群3只,占3.1%,3只以上的非繁殖鹤群1群,12只,占12.4%,其余为幼鹤24只。9月份共观察记录96只(其中14只幼鹤),繁殖鹤群有38对,76只,占观察数量82只(除幼鹤外)的92.7%,单只鹤1只,占1.2%,3只以上的非繁殖鹤群1群,由5只个体组成,占6.1%。与之前调查结果相比,本次调查到的黑颈鹤分布区范围没有大的变化。整体上看,保护区内黑颈鹤的主要繁殖栖息地在尧拉乔、纳勒乔、纳洛乔一带和热尔大坝的哈丘湖、措拉坚、花湖等湖泊及湖滨沼泽。建议在这两个区域设置固定样地进行长期监测,并且在保护区内限制放牧强度,核心区内严禁放牧,调节好草场的季节性利用,使湿地生态系统得以合理的恢复使用,从而保护黑颈鹤及其栖息地。     

黄龙寺自然保护区兽类资源的初步调查

对黄龙寺自然保护区的兽类资源进行了初步调查和研究,报道兽类共635肿,分属6目23科,其中北方类型的兽类与南方类型的比例为38．1：53．97,保护区内有我国特产兽类30种,属国家重点保护动物19种,四川省缓重点保护动物5种,最后,还对区内兽类资源的保护提出了建议。     

四川雪宝顶自然保护区的兽类

2002年8月和9月,对四川雪宝顶自然保护区的兽类进行了调查,并结合历史文献,确认保护区有兽类90种,分属7目27科。区系分析表明：该保护区的兽类属东洋界的有66种,占73．3％;属古北界的有21种,占23．3％;广布种有3种,占3．4％。该保护区有国家Ⅰ级重点保护兽类7种,国家Ⅱ级保护兽类17种。     

四川栗子坪自然保护区的兽类区系与资源

2005年3~11月和2006年7~8月对四川栗子坪自然保护区的兽类区系和资源进行了调查,结合历史文献统计,表明保护区内共有兽类76种,隶属7目27科,其中,属国家Ⅰ级重点保护的兽类有5种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护的有12种,中国特产兽类19种。区系组成以东洋界种类为主(60种),占全区兽类种数的78.95%,古北界种类(11种)和广布型种类(5种)分别占14.47%和6.58%。     

四川九寨沟国家级自然保护区大中型兽类多样性研究

2002~2003年,对九寨沟国家级自然保护区的大中型兽类进行了6次大规模的调查。共调查大中型动物样线82条,实际调查记录到大中型兽类20种,样线上遇见各种大中型兽类痕迹或实体总计223次,均用GPS进行精确定位。统计表明,针叶林生境中物种最丰富;随海拔增高,总的趋势是古北界种类所占比例呈现增加趋势,但在海拔3600~4000 m之间,东洋界种类所占比例仍然较大(50%),动物区系呈现广泛的过渡性;随着海拔升高古北界种类样线的遇见率明显增加,3200 m以上这种趋势更为明显。在记录到的20种大中型兽类中,豹猫(Felis bengalen-si)分布的海拔跨度最大,为保护区的广布种;牛羚(Budorcas taxicolor)的遇见次数最多,是保护区的优势种。     

四川小河沟自然保护区兽类初步调查

2003年7～8月在小河沟自然保护区进行了本底资源调查。在该保护区发现兽类共7目30科117种,约占四川兽类种数的50%,其中我国特有种44,约占四川省兽类种数19%,列入国家、国际IUCN和CITES保护的兽类31种,约占四川省兽类种数的13%。这些珍稀、特有、濒危动物分布在小河沟自然保护区面积仅282 27km2的范围内,物种十分丰富。致危的主要原因是过度采伐、猎杀等。     

Landscape patterns and their changes in Sichuan Ruoergai Wetland National Nature Reserve

In Sichuan Ruoergai Wetland National Nature Reserve, the changes in landscape patterns over a period of 17 years – from 1990 to 2007 – have been studied by means of RS, GIS technologies and field validation. In the reserve, the seven landscape patterns – river, lake, swamp, seasonal swamp, meadow, shrub and desert – were subject to the current study. The results show that the swamp, seasonal swamp, and meadow are the dominant landscape types occupying over 90% of the reserve’s total area. Over the past 17 years, the distribution area of swamp has been decreased by 3.81%, while that of seasonal swamp and meadow has been increased by 2.58% and 2.09%, respectively. In addition, the desert area has expanded by 1.19% since 2000. The nature reserve can be characterized by patch diversity, causing landscape fragmentation over the years; the total number of patches increased to 585 from 544 and the average area of the patches decreased to 283.49 h m² from 304.29 h m² – to the detriment of the wetland functions such as carbon sink and habitats for wild animals. In the study, the causes of the alternations are discussed as mainly resulting from climate change and human disturbances such as overgrazing, drainage, and unmanaged tourism. The study results provide a scientific basis at a strategic scale for the efficient conservation and management implementation of nature reserve zoning and assessment of landscape ecological functions and conservation values.     

Landscape patterns and their changes in Sichuan Ruoergai Wetland National Nature Reserve

In Sichuan Ruoergai Wetland National Nature Reserve, the changes in landscape patterns over a period of 17 years – from 1990 to 2007 – have been studied by means of RS, GIS technologies and field validation. In the reserve, the seven landscape patterns – river, lake, swamp, seasonal swamp, meadow, shrub and desert – were subject to the current study. The results show that the swamp, seasonal swamp, and meadow are the dominant landscape types occupying over 90% of the reserve’s total area. Over the past 17 years, the distribution area of swamp has been decreased by 3.81%, while that of seasonal swamp and meadow has been increased by 2.58% and 2.09%, respectively. In addition, the desert area has expanded by 1.19% since 2000. The nature reserve can be characterized by patch diversity, causing landscape fragmentation over the years; the total number of patches increased to 585 from 544 and the average area of the patches decreased to 283.49 h m² from 304.29 h m² – to the detriment of the wetland functions such as carbon sink and habitats for wild animals. In the study, the causes of the alternations are discussed as mainly resulting from climate change and human disturbances such as overgrazing, drainage, and unmanaged tourism. The study results provide a scientific basis at a strategic scale for the efficient conservation and management implementation of nature reserve zoning and assessment of landscape ecological functions and conservation values.     

江西井冈山国家级自然保护区蝶类资源研究

2002年至2008年对井冈山国家级自然保护区的蝴蝶种类进行调查,共发现有蝴蝶231种,隶属ll科128属,其中包括国家I级保护动物金斑喙凤蝶Teinopalpus aureus Mell。离斑带蛱蝶Athymaranga Moore、珠翠蛱蝶Euthaliaper MlaChouetWang、斜带缺尾蚬蝶Dodonaouida Moore和花裙陀弄蝶Thoressa submacula（Leech）这4种为江西省新记录,另有135种为保护区首次记载。井冈山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶区系成分以东洋界为主,占总种数的73．26％。     

四川冶勒自然保护区兽类区系调查

2002年8月、10月、2003年1月对冶勒自然保护区的生物资源进行了综合科学考察,同时结合有关资料,对该地兽类区系进行研究。表明冶勒保护区迄今发现有兽类7目25科62属91种,国家Ⅰ级保护5种,Ⅱ级保护18种,四川省重点保护的兽类有7种,属于国家保护有益的或者有重要经济、科学研究价值的兽类27种,我国特有物种29种。区系组成以东洋界成分为主,并出现南北交错的现象。     

湖南省八大公山国家自然保护区蛾类调查初报

从2007年4月到9月,对八大公山国家自然保护区蛾类昆虫进行了初步调查,共获得蛾类标本4000余号。与湖南农业大学昆虫学教研室以往在八大公山采集保存的蛾类标本1000余号一起,共鉴定出19科175种,其中7种为湖南省新记录种。区系分析结果表明:该地区蛾类昆虫以东洋种为主。     

四川马边大风顶自然保护区两栖爬行动物调查

2005年7月中旬至下旬对四川马边大风顶自然保护区的两栖爬行动物进行了调查.本次调查共采得两栖爬行动物标本17种,隶属于9科3目.结合文献资料,该保护区现已知有两栖爬行动物27种（亚种）,隶属于12科4目.其中,两栖动物13种（亚种）,隶属于7科2目;爬行动物14种（亚种）,隶属于5科2目.该保护区物种组成较丰富,没有古北界的成分,特有种所占比例较高.马边县新纪录9种,大鲵已被收入“濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约（CITES）”附录Ⅰ,大凉疣螈和脆蛇蜥已被收入《中国濒危动物红皮书》,大鲵和大凉疣螈是国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物.该保护区和四川美姑大风顶自然保护区的两栖爬行动物Sorenson指数为36.7%.     

广东南昆山自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查

为了科学规划自然保护区,加强生物多样性的保护管理与可持续利用,于2006年4月16～25日、8月14～24日对广东南昆山省级自然保护区的野生动植物资源进行了近20天的野外科学考察。调查表明,南昆山自然保护区现已记录72种两栖爬行动物,隶属2纲5目18科。其中两栖纲2目6科24种;爬行纲3目12科48种。两栖爬行动物地理区划属东洋界华南区闽广沿海亚区粤北动物地理省,区系组成以东洋界华中区与华南区共有种为主。东洋界种类明显占优势,达65种占总物种数的90．28％。本次调查同时发现了在广东省罕见的香港瘰螈和黑眼睑小树蛙。     

A study on the diversity of the moth community in the North Dagang Wetland Nature Reserve, Tianjin, China

North Dagang Wetland Nature Reserve is situated in the southeast of Tianjin, China. It is the biggest wetland nature reserve in Tianjin. An investigation into the diversity of the moth community was carried out from June 12 to October 14, 2001, and then from April 12 to October 30, 2002. The investigation was conducted in order to identify the moth species in wetlands, study their dynamic laws, select indicator insects to indicate wetland quality, and assist in the study and protection of wetlands. A total of 132 moth species were collected, which belonged to 105 genera in 17 families. The data about insects which was collected during the survey was listed and constructed in terms of species-abundance, indices of diversity (H′), evenness (J′), specific richness (S) and individual number (N) using the Microsoft Excel Program. The status of the wetlands was also analyzed using the moth community species-abundance curve, indices of diversity, the connection between evenness and richness indices, etc. The results show that moth species in the wetlands were not rich, and the moth community was unstable. In other words, the living environment of the moths and the environmental quality of the wetlands were unstable due to the serious degeneration of the wetland environment and human activities.