盐角草和盐芥3个超氧化物歧化酶基因的克隆和功能分析

为了探究盐生植物的耐盐机制,比较不同盐生植物超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)基因耐盐性的大小,采用RACE技术克隆了盐角草锰和铜/锌两种SOD的cDNA全长。序列分析表明,盐角草MnSOD基因(SeMSD,GenBank登录号为JQ061158)含有699bp的开放阅读框,编码一个长233个氨基酸的多肽,其预测相对分子量为25.7kD。Cu/ZnSOD基因(SeCSD,GenBank登录号为JQ061160)开放阅读框长为684bp,并编码228个氨基酸的多肽,相对分子量为23.3kD。根据已获得的这两个cDNA序列和GenBank公布的盐芥MnSOD基因序列(ThMSD,EF140719),构建了3个原核表达载体pET30a-SeMSD、pET30a-SeCSD和pET30a-ThMSD,并将它们转化大肠杆菌BL21,成功表达出了目的蛋白。通过优化IPTG的诱导浓度,在6.5%和7.5%盐度下对这3个SOD基因的耐盐能力验证结果显示,相比对照菌BL21(pET30a),转化了pET30a-SeMSD和pET30a-ThMSD载体的重组菌具有更高的耐盐性,而转化pET30a-SeCSD载体的重组菌没有表现出耐盐性的提高。     

棉花GhVHA A基因的原核表达及其重组大肠杆菌的抗逆性分析

为进一步验证棉花GhVHA-A基因的功能,该研究将棉花GhVHA-A基因构建到原核表达载体pET28a上,利用IPTG诱导其在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中高效表达,同时对重组大肠杆菌BL21(pET28a-GhVHA-A)进行抗逆性分析。结果表明:(1)半定量RT-PCR分析发现,棉花幼苗液泡膜H+-ATPase基因(GhVHA-A)表达水平受脱水和高盐胁迫诱导。(2)将1 872bp长的编码区序列连接至原核表达载体pET28a上,成功构建了原核表达载体pET28a-GhVHA-A;SDS-PAGE电泳检测结果表明,在70kD左右处有1条特异表达的蛋白质条带,与预期的目的产物大小一致。(3)重组菌BL21(pET28a-GhVHA-A)的抗逆性分析发现,重组菌对PEG6000(20%)和NaCl(0.5mol/L)的抗性明显高于对照菌株BL21(pET28a),表明GhVHA-A基因在大肠杆菌中表达后能够增强菌株的抗性。本研究结果为GhVHA-A基因在植物抗逆基因工程中的应用提供了理论依据。     

重组大肠杆菌BL21(pET28a-eIF5A)的抗逆性分析

目的:分析重组大肠杆菌BL21(pET28a-eIF5A)的抗逆性。方法:将来源于柽柳的eIF5A基因构建到原核表达载体pET28a中,在原核表达的基础上,利用分光光度计检测重组大肠杆菌BL21(pET28a-eIF5A)的抗逆性。结果:BL21(pET28a-eIF5A)的抗盐碱性明显高于对照菌株BL21(pET28a),其中重组大肠杆菌BL21(pET28a-eIF5A)的抗NaCl的临界浓度为0.8mol/L,抗NaHCO3的临界浓度为0.52mol/L,不具有抗AgNO3和抗旱性。结论:重组大肠杆菌BL21(pET28a-eIF5A)具有良好的抗NaCl和NaHCO3特性,该抗性的证明为eIF5A基因在植物抗逆基因工程中的应用提供了资料。     

枯草芽孢杆菌Mn-SOD基因的克隆及原核表达

为了实现Mn-SOD基因在大肠杆菌(E.coli)中的可溶性表达,根据枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)168sodA核酸序列设计引物,以枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC 9372基因组为模板,PCR扩增获得了Mn-SOD基因.将此基因重组至原核表达载体pET-28a,构建含Mn-SOD基因的重组表达质粒,并转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3).异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达获得Mn-SOD,蛋白分子量约为26kD,占全菌蛋白的5.6%.改良的连苯三酚自氧化法测定SOD活力,菌体可溶性总蛋白SOD比活为51.09U·mg^-1,是对照组的.8倍.枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC 9372 Mn-SOD基因在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中首次成功表达,产物具有较高的可溶性和活性,为大量制备Mn-SOD奠定了基础.     

紫花苜蓿 DREB 1 基因的原核表达与蛋白纯化

构建 MsDREB1 基因的原核表达载体, 对表达产物进行鉴定和纯化, 为研究 DREB1 基因在植株中功能奠定基础。用冷酚法从紫花苜蓿提取 RNA, 并转化成 cDNA, 然后将其克隆至 pET32a 原核表达载体, 构建重组载体 pET32aDREB1 。用重组质粒转化大肠杆菌 BL21, IPTG 诱导表达后进行 SDS-PAGE 分析, 用 Ni-NTA 亲和层析柱对重组蛋白进行纯化。结果表明 , 原核表达载体构建正确 ; SDS-PAGE 分析, 出现了与 DNAMAN 预测的 43.2 kd 大小一致的蛋白条带;经分析重组蛋白纯化率达到 90%以上。     

重组高原鼠兔瘦素原核表达载体的构建、蛋白表达及纯化

瘦素(leptin)由ob 基因编码,对调节能量代谢起着重要作用。本研究建立了高原鼠兔瘦素的原核表达系统,并对其进行了原核表达。研究中作者从高原鼠兔瘦素基因的cDNA 文库中,扩增编码高原鼠兔瘦素的核酸序列,并利用DNA 基因重组技术将其克隆到原核表达载体pET30a(+ )中,构建了高原鼠兔瘦素原核表达载体pET30a(+ )/ ppleptin。对目的片段进行测序确认后,将其转化到大肠杆菌BL21 中,并利用IPTG 诱导外源性目的蛋白表达。表达的包涵体蛋白经溶解及变性后上柱纯化。重组质粒经测序检测后,表明原核载体构建正确。同时,SDS - PAGE 凝胶电泳结果显示,重组菌在16KD 处有明显新增条带,纯化后的目的蛋白条带纯度较高。该结果为高原鼠兔瘦素的后续基础研究提供了基础资料。     

重组人FOXL2基因的原核表达和纯化研究

目的通过pET32a（＋）原核表达载体,表达重组人叉头框蛋白L2（human forkhead box12,FOXL21）。并且进行纯化和鉴定。方法从正常人血液中提取基因组DNA,利用PCR扩增FOXL21目的基因片段,构建FOXL21原核表达重组质粒[pET32a（＋）-FOXL21]并转化E．coli的BL21（DE3）菌株,IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达,经HisTrap FF亲和层析柱纯化,再通过SDS—PAGE和Western印迹鉴定。结果成功克隆到大小为1131bp的人源FOXL21基因片段并准确插入表达载体pET32a（＋）,0．1mmol／LIPTG诱导转化菌8h可表达大量的FOXL21蛋白,并可经HisTrap FF柱亲和层析得到高度纯化。结论成功获得纯化的66kD重组人FOXL21蛋白,为后续进行FOXL21蛋白的功能研究奠定了基础。     

大肠埃希菌Mn-SOD基因的克隆、表达及多克隆抗体制备

目的实现Mn-SOD基因在大肠埃希菌中的高可溶性表达,制备Mn-SOD的多克隆抗体。方法用PCR方法从一株野生型大肠埃希菌（E.coli）基因组中扩增Mn-SOD基因编码区．将它克隆到原核表达载体上进行大量表达和纯化,再用纯化的蛋白对新西兰大白兔进行背部多点注射,40d后取其血清,用Western-blot印迹实验测定抗体效果。结果SDS-PAGE分析表明SOD的表达量约为细菌总蛋白的50％;黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定表达蛋白活性,结果表明每毫克菌体可溶性总蛋白中表达产物酶比活为3921．77U／mg,是对照BL21的276．77倍;并制备了高效价的多克隆抗体。结论该研究成功地构建了大肠埃希菌Mn-SOD基因高效原核表达系统,所表达的Mn-SOD具有良好的免疫原性和免疫反应性。     

布鲁菌bp26基因的原核表达及间接ELISA方法的临床初步应用

构建诊断人布病的优势抗原BP26原核表达载体,并建立以该蛋白作为包被抗原的间接ELISA方法。人工合成bp26基因片段,构建原核表达载体pET30a-bp26,并转化入大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)中,IPTG诱导表达,Ni柱亲和纯化BP26重组蛋白,间接ELISA检测其抗原活性,并优化间接ELISA方法的各个参数,检测临床大量样本,对该方法性能进行评价。PCR鉴定及DNA测序证实pET30a-bp26重组质粒构建成功,并在0.8 mmol/L IPTG 20 ℃过夜诱导的条件下大量表达,经亲和纯化获得高纯度的可溶性BP26重组蛋白,间接ELISA结果显示该重组蛋白具有抗原活性,优化参数后,该方法的敏感度为70.00%,特异性为94.74%。成功获得高抗原活性的原核表达可溶性BP26重组蛋白,并建立用于临床特异性诊断人类布病的间接ELISA方法。     

Flt3配体胞外域的原核表达纯化及活性鉴定

目的:构建pET32a(+)-hFLext原核表达载体,诱导hFLext蛋白表达、纯化及活性鉴定.方法:以人淋巴细胞cDNA文库为模板,克隆hFlext,构建pET32a(+)-hFLext重组表达载体.转化大肠杆菌BL21,IPTG诱导蛋白表达,镍珠亲合层析纯化蛋白,SDS-PAGE及Western blot鉴定.细胞增殖实验检测其生物学活性.结果:成功克隆获得hFLext,并构建了pET32a(+)-hFLext重组表达载体.在大肠杆菌BL21,经1 mM IPTG 30℃诱导12 h,成功表达Trx-hFLext融合蛋白,主要以包涵体形式存在.经8M尿素变性包涵体蛋白,逐步透析复性,镍珠亲合层析纯化蛋白,SDS-PAGE及Western blot鉴定,成功获得高纯度的Trx-hFLext融合蛋白.细胞增殖实验证实其具有生物学活性,能够有效刺激脐血细胞增殖.结论:成功构建了pET32a(+)-hFLext重组表达载体,表达、纯化了具有生物学活性的Trx-hFLext融合蛋白,为造血干/祖细胞的体外扩增研究奠定了基础.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.