牡丹ACC合成酶ACS1基因的克隆与原核表达

从牡丹‘洛阳红’(Paeonia suffruticosa‘ Luo Yang Hong’)花瓣中提取总RNA,根据GenBank上牡丹ACC合成酶基因PsACS的序列设计引物,通过RT-PCR获得牡丹PsACS1基因序列,包含一个1 479 bp的开放阅读框,编码492个氨基酸.将PsACS1基因cDNA片段与pET28a(+)构建原核表达载体pET-ACS1,转化大肠杆菌E.coli BL21 (DE3).0.4 mmol/LIPTG诱导3h后,在预期的蛋白分子量55 kD处出现1条表达加强的蛋白条带.为进一步目的蛋白的纯化和鉴定提供试验基础.     

牦牛OB基因的克隆及原核表达

肥胖基因(obese gene,OB gene)表达产物瘦蛋白(leption)具有调节体重、影响动物生长和繁殖率等一系列生物学功能。通过牦牛脂肪组织总RNA的提取,利用RT-PCR克隆出牦牛OB基因的成熟肽cDNA,构建OB基因的原核表达载体OB-pET32a(+),在大肠杆菌表达系统使融合蛋白表达,通过SDS-PAGE检测所表达的融合蛋白。结果表明,克隆的OB基因成熟肽片段为456 bp包含EcoR I和BamH I两个酶切位点,与普通牛、瘤牛该基因的相似性达98.6%。原核表达产物为包涵体形态,大小为31 kD,符合预期结果,为OB基因的高效表达系统的构建奠定基础。     

大肠杆菌glgC基因的克隆及原核表达

以大肠杆菌BL21染色体DNA为模板,根据glgC基因的全序列设计了1对引物,在优化的PCR反应条件下扩增出了glgC基因片段,测序结果显示该片段大小为1296 bp,编码432个氨基酸残基。将该基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a-c( )中,重组载体pET-glgC转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定,得到了与理论推算的glgC基因表达产物分子质量(约53 kD)相符的特异蛋白条带。     

类球红菌自诱导物合成酶基因cerI的克隆及其原核表达

根据类球红菌(Rhodobacter sphaeroides2.4.1)自诱导物合成酶基因cerI的序列,设计并合成了1对特异性引物,在引物的5′和3′分别加入含有HindIII和XhoI限制性酶切位点的序列,以类球红细菌Rhodobactersphaeroides基因组为模板扩增了cerI基因序列。将PCR产物与pMD18-T载体连接,转化大肠杆菌DH5α。鉴定成功获得目的片段,经HindIII和XhoI双酶切后与载体pET-28a(+)连接,构建原核表达质粒pET-28a(+)-cerI,并将其转化宿主菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导其表达。SDS-PAGE分析表明,重组载体pET-28a(+)-cerI可成功地在大肠杆菌中表达cerI蛋白。     

类球红菌自诱导物合成酶基因cerI的克隆及其原核表达

根据类球红菌(Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1)自诱导物合成酶基因cerI的序列,设计并合成了1对特异性引物,在引物的5′和3′分别加入含有HindIII和XhoI限制性酶切位点的序列,以类球红细菌Rhodobacter sphaeroides基因组为模板扩增了cerI基因序列.将PCR产物与pMD18-T载体连接,转化大肠杆菌DH5α.鉴定成功获得目的片段,经HindIII和XhoI双酶切后与载体pET-28a(+)连接,构建原核表达质粒pET-28a(+)-cerI,并将其转化宿主菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导其表达.SDS-PAGE分析表明,重组载体pET-28a(+)-cerI可成功地在大肠杆菌中表达cerI蛋白.     

类球红菌自诱导物合成酶基因cerⅠ的克隆及其原核表达

根据类球红菌（Rhodobacter sphaeroides2.4.1）自诱导物合成酶基因cerⅠ的序列,设计并合成了1对特异性引物,在引物的5′和3′分别加入含有HindⅢ和XhoⅠ限制性酶切位点的序列,以类球红细菌Rhodobactersphaeroides基因组为模板扩增了cerⅠ基因序列。将PCR产物与pMD18-T载体连接,转化大肠杆菌DH5α。鉴定成功获得目的片段,经HindⅢ和XhoⅠ双酶切后与载体pET-28a（＋）连接,构建原核表达质粒pET-28a（＋）-cerⅠ,并将其转化宿主菌BL21（DE3）,用IPTG诱导其表达。SDS-PAGE分析表明,重组载体pET-28a（＋）-cerⅠ可成功地在大肠杆菌中表达cerⅠ蛋白。     

滇龙胆GrHMA基因的克隆和原核表达

HMA蛋白(heavy metal transporting ATPase)是一种在植物中广泛存在的多功能蛋白。根据滇龙胆转录组GrHMA基因序列,设计特异性引物,通过RT-PCR扩增GrHMA基因序列,并进行TA克隆、测序及序列分析;构建原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1-GrHMA,转入E.coli Rosetta(DE3)中,并在37℃、1.0 mmol/L IPTG下成功诱导表达。序列分析表明,GrHMA基因是HMA超家族的成员;GrHMA氨基酸序列系统发育分析表明,GrHMA与TcHMA处于同一进化枝。SDS-PAGE结果表明所表达蛋白与预期蛋白大小一致。这些结果为GrHMA蛋白的进一步纯化及结构和功能的研究奠定基础。     

砂梨CONSTANS基因的克隆及原核表达分析

为了探索梨树植物的开花调控机制,本研究以砂梨(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)叶片为材料,采用同源序列克隆法,进行了开花调控相关基因CONSTANS的克隆,命名为PyCO,GenBank登录号为KF246572。序列分析表明,该基因包含一个1023 bp的开放阅读框,编码340个氨基酸,推测蛋白质分子量为37.81 kD,等电点为5.95。PyCO蛋白具有典型的植物CO家族的结构特征,含有2个高度保守的B-box及CCT结构域。进化树分析表明,该氨基酸序列与苹果的同源性接近93%,与碧桃、可可树、草莓等其他高等植物的CO类蛋白同源性也在70%以上。原核表达获得了具有较高表达水平的融合蛋白,分子量约为58.5 kD,为进一步探索梨树开花调控机理奠定了基础。     

小鼠Klf4基因的克隆及原核表达分析

目的克隆Klf4基因并对其重组蛋白进行原核表达及分析。方法提取胎鼠皮肤mRNA后反转录为cDNA序列,用一对两端引入特定酶切位点引物,从该cDNA中扩增出Klf4基因编码区序列,将其克隆到pEasy-T3载体上。对质粒双酶切并回收其中Klf4基因片段后,克隆入pET-52b（＋）载体后转化Origmai B（DE3）型大肠杆菌,用IPTG诱导表达,最后采用SDS-PAGE对重组蛋白进行鉴定及分析。结果对所克隆的Klf4mRNA蛋白编码区的DNA序列分析表明,klf4CDS区包括终止密码子在内为1452 bp,与参照序列对比仅有四处存在差异,不仅其同源性达到99.72%,且其氨基酸序列同源性为100%;在IPTG诱导下pET-52b（＋）-Klf4重组质粒可表达与预期相符的约为57×103的蛋白质;经IPTG刺激后重组蛋白表达明显上调,其中IPTG为0.4 mol/L时效果最佳。结论从胎鼠皮肤中克隆的Klf4基因可在原核中表达。     

花生防御素基因的克隆及原核表达

定基础.     

人热休克蛋白70的原核高效表达

将人热休克蛋白基因hsp70片段克隆到高效原核表达载体pMAL-c2X中,酶切鉴定并进行DNA测序。将该重组表达载体转化大肠杆菌DH50α,用IPTG在不同温度及时间下进行诱导表达。收集细菌,菌体裂解后进行SDS-PAGE及Western blot检测,并以凝胶薄层扫描分析表达水平。结果表明,成功地构建了含人hsp70基因的表达载体pMAL-c2X／hsp70,该载体能在大肠杆菌中表达相对分子质量为110000并具有抗原活性的融合蛋白;改变诱导温度和时间,目的蛋白表达总量及可溶性部分所占比例不同。对人hsp70基因的克隆、表达,并对其进行表达条件的优化,为研究HSP70的结构、功能与临床应用提供了必要条件。     

Polyphasic taxonomy of the basidiomycetous yeast genus Rhodotorula: Rh. glutinis sensu stricto and Rh. dairenensis comb. nov

The phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of the basidiomycetous yeast species Rhodotorula glutinis was investigated in a group of 109 isolates. A polyphasic taxonomic approach was followed which included PCR fingerprinting, determination of sexual compatibility, 26S and ITS rDNA sequence analysis, DNA-DNA reassociation experiments and reassessment of micromorphological and physiological attributes. The relationships with species of the teleomorphic genus Rhodosporidium were studied and isolates previously identified as Rh. glutinis were found to belong to Rhodosporidium babjevae, Rhodosporidium diobovatum and Rhodosporidium sphaerocarpum. Other isolates included in the study were found to belong to Rh. glutinis var. dairenensis, which is elevated to the species level, or to undescribed species. The concept of Rh. glutinis sensu stricto is proposed due to the close phenetic and phylogenetic proximity detected for Rh. glutinis, Rhodotorula graminis and R. babjevae.     

Purification of an epoxide hydrolase from Rhodotorula glutinis

The epoxide hydrolase from Rhodotorula glutinis was isolated and initially characterized. The enzyme was membrane associated and could be solubilized by Triton X-100. Purification yielded an enzyme with sp. act. of 66 mol 1,2-epoxyhexane hydrolyzed min^–1 mg^–1 protein. The enzyme was not completely purified to homogeneity but, nevertheless, a major protein was isolated by SDS-PAGE for subsequential amino acid determination of peptide fragments. From sequence alignments to related enzymes, a high homology towards the active site sequences of other microsomal epoxide hydrolases was found. Molecular mass determinations indicated that the native enzyme exists as a homodimer, with a subunit molecular mass of about 45 kDa. Based upon these, this epoxide hydrolase is structurally related to other microsomal epoxide hydrolases.     

The preparation and activity of a phenylanine ammonia-lyase inactivator from sunflower leaves

Isolated plastids from crude extracts of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L. cv. Sungold) leaves released a factor on extraction with Triton X-100 that inactivated Rhodotorula glutinis L-phenylaine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC 4.3.1.5) in vitro. This PAL-inactivating factor (PAL-IF) was found to be proteinaceous in nature when tested with pronase (EC 1.11.1.6), peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) and nitrate reductase and the protection of PAL from PAL-IF by ligands indicated its specificity towards PAL. The inactivated PAL inhibitors reported earlier. It is suggested that inactivation may play an important role in in vivo regulation of L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and phenolic biosynthesis.     

Efficiency of fatty acid synthesis by oleaginous yeasts: Prediction of yield and fatty acid cell content from consumed C/N ratio by a simple method

In nitrogen-limited media, growth and fatty acid formation by the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glutinis, i.e., yield and fatty acid cell content, have been characterized regarding carbon and nitrogen availabilities. It was shown that the formation of fatty acid free biomass was limited by nitrogen availability, whereas the fatty acid production was directly dependent on the consumed C/N ratio. According to these observations, the fraction of substrate consumed for fatty acid synthesis was estimated by using a simple method based on the actual yields, i.e., the mass of carbon source strictly converted into fatty acids and fatty acid free biomass. From these results, relationships were established allowing to predict in a simple and performing manner the maximal attainable fatty acid cell content and yield from the available carbon and nitrogen. These relationships were validated by using experimental data obtained by various authors with different yeast strains, and the proposed method was compared to the energetic and mass balance method previously described.     

烟实夜蛾信息素结合蛋白3 cDNA的克隆、序列分析与原核表达

利用RT-PCR技术从烟实夜蛾Helicoverpa assulta (Hass) 雄虫触角中扩增得到了信息素结合蛋白3(Hass PBP3)。克隆和测序结果表明,该基因核苷酸序列全长495 bp,编码164个氨基酸残基,预测分子量18.5 kD。并预测N-末端疏水区包含由22个氨基酸组成的信号肽。因此,成熟蛋白应包括142个氨基酸,预测分子量为16.1 kD,等电点为5.44。经氨基酸序列同源性分析发现,此序列与已知昆虫PBP3有较高的同源性,而且具有气味结合蛋白的典型特征。将该基因重组到表达载体pGEX-4T-2中进行原核表达。经IPTG诱导、SDS-PAGE分析和Western印迹检测,结果表明烟实夜蛾PBP3基因能在大肠杆菌BL21中表达,电泳检测到一条大约42 kD的外源蛋白,与预测的融合蛋白分子量相符。     

水稻甲基结合蛋白基因MBD701的克隆及原核表达

甲基结合域蛋白MBD作为与甲基化位点特异结合的重要反式作用因子,在植物生长发育中发挥着重要的调控作用.为了探讨MBD基因的结构与功能,利用RT-PCR方法克隆了水稻中编码甲基结合蛋白基因MBD701,构建了MBD701的原核表达载体pGEX-MBD701,并在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)工程菌株中实现了融合蛋白GST-MBD701的表达.结果表明,MBD701除了包含典型的甲基结合域(第138～212)外,还包含CW的锌指结构(第73～132);在37℃,1 mmol/L IPTG浓度条件下成功诱导表达了大小为65.87 kD的GST-MBD701融合蛋白,这为进一步开展MBD701的蛋白纯化和功能分析奠定了基础.     

鳗弧菌溶血毒素基因vah4的克隆及表达

目的：对鳗弧菌溶血毒素基因vah4进行克隆与原核表达,为进一步深入研究其免疫原性及VAH4的功能奠定基础。方法：PCR扩增vah4,将扩增的产物连接于测序载体pMD18—T上,经测序反应确定无误后,再将PCR产物与原核表达载体pET-32a构建表达VAH4的重组质粒（pET-32a-VAH4）,经PCR鉴定后,再转入表达宿主大肠杆菌BL21菌株内,对转化菌株进行诱导表达,SDS-PAGE电泳检测。结果：含重组质粒的菌株有表达蛋白,其表达的蛋白质相对分子质量为40kDa,并经Western blot鉴定结果证实该条带即VAH4-His融合蛋白。结论：vah4基因成功克隆至pET-32a质粒内并成功表达,为进一步研究其免疫原性、VAH4的毒性作用效果及作用机制奠定基础。     

丹参ACC氧化酶基因(SmACO1)的克隆与序列分析

依据丹参转录组数据库序列信息,采用RT-PCR和染色体步移技术从丹参中首次克隆得到ACC氧化酶基因,命名为SmACO1(GenBank注册号为JQ026111)。该基因gDNA序列长1 347 bp,由3个外显子和2个内含子组成;cDNA全长1 117 bp,包含945 bp的开放阅读框,编码314个氨基酸残基。生物信息学分析显示SmACO1为无信号肽与跨膜结构域,且定位于细胞质的稳定亲水蛋白,含有Fe²⁺依赖的加氧酶结构域。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,SmACO1基因在丹参不同组织器官中差异表达,花中表达量最高;其表达受到病原菌和茉莉酸甲酯的诱导,表明SmACO1基因可能在植物防御反应中发挥作用。     

粘红酵母在味精废水中发酵生产油脂

对粘红酵母菌株进行驯化得到一株优良菌株Rh8,利用其在味精废水中发酵以去除废水中的化学需氧量(COD)并生产油脂;考察废水pH以及添加葡萄糖母液、营养因子等对菌株Rh8在味精废水中生长、产油和COD去除效果的影响,发现将废水稀释4倍、调节pH至5.5时,菌株可以较好地生长;而添加废葡萄糖母液、酵母粉、KH2PO4、MgSO4、MnSO4均能够促进菌体的生长、产油和废水中的COD去除,在250 mL摇瓶中,生物量最高可达15.6 g/L,干菌体中油脂质量分数达到29.61%,COD去除率达到45.1%。