靶向HBs基因的shRNA表达载体的构建及其抑制HepG2.2.15表达HBVsAg的作用

探索用PGenesil-1(Pg)构建的靶向乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)基因的shRNA表达载体PGenesil-1-HBs(简称Pgs),对体外培养HepG2.2.15细胞中的HBV基因及其抗原表达的抑制作用.设计、合成靶向HBV S区的3对DNA序列,分别插入PGenesil-1中构建3个siRNA表达载体Pgs1、Pgs2、Pgs3,经限制性内切酶,DNA序列测定等技术鉴定确认.筛选并确定最佳细胞接种量及重组质粒转染量后,分别或按不同组合转染HepG-2.2.15细胞,48 h后采用半定量RT-PCR检测HBVsmRNA转录水平,免疫细胞化学技术检测HBsAg表达水平,MEIA分别检测细胞裂解液和培养上清中HBsAg和HBeAg的表达水平.结果表明,HBV真核表达载体Pgs1、Pgs2、Pgs3均能不同程度地抑制HepG2.2.15细胞中的HBsAg、HBeAg合成和HBs-mRNA转录.成功构建的HBV真核表达载体Pgs1、Pgs2、Pgs3,其中PgS3能显著抑制HBsAg表达(P＜0.01).多种表达载体联合对抗原表达的抑制作用效率不同.     

shRNA抑制宫颈癌Hela细胞株HPV18 E6、E7基因表达的研究

应用短发夹RNA(Short hairpin RNA,shRNA)表达载体抑制宫颈癌Hela细胞株HPV18 E6、E7基因的表达。应用已鉴定的shRNA表达载体pHPV1、pHPV2转染Hela细胞,G418筛选阳性细胞,建立稳定转染细胞株;倒置荧光显微镜检测转染情况;提取细胞内总RNA,RT-PCR方法检测HPV18 E6、E7 mRNA;WesternBlot检测HPV18 E6、E7蛋白表达的变化;采用灰度分析软件对PCR扩增条带与蛋白质条带进行灰度分析。pHPV1实验组细胞内HPV18 E6、E7 mRNA含量分别为阴性对照组的31%、38%,E6、E7蛋白分别为阴性对照组的37%、31%;pHPV2实验组细胞内HPV18 E6、E7 mRNA含量分别为阴性对照组的54%、77%,E6、E7蛋白分别为阴性对照组的52%、83%。pHPV1、pHPV2表达载体能抑制Hela细胞HPV18 E6、E7的表达,针对外显子区434-452的pHPV1抑制作用更强。     

Beclin-1 shRNA对低氧诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞自噬的影响

目的：构建Beclin-1基因短发夹干扰RNA（shRNA）慢病毒载体,感染人SH-SY5Y细胞,观察沉默Beclin-1基因后低氧对SH-SY5Y细胞自噬的影响。方法：构建特异性靶向Beclin-1基因的shRNA慢病毒表达载体和阴性对照序列慢病毒载体;再将载体转染入SH-SY5Y细胞;RT-PCR检测Beclin-1的mRNA表达;Western blot检测Beclin-1蛋白表达;CCK-8法测定Beclin-1 shRNA对SH-SY5Y细胞活力的影响。再将空白对照、阴性对照、转染型三种细胞分别以21%常氧及5%低氧培养,Western blot检测各组细胞LC3蛋白表达;电镜观察自噬小体。结果：Beclin-1 shRNA能明显抑制SH-SY5Y细胞Beclin-1的mRNA及蛋白的表达;沉默Beclin-1基因后,Beclin-1 shRNA组细胞存活率与阴性对照组相比无差异;成功建立了稳定表达Beclin-1 shRNA的SH-SY5Y细胞。5%低氧处理后,与阴性对照组相比较,Beclin-1 shRNA组细胞中LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ比值下调,细胞内自噬小体数量减少。结论：慢病毒介导的Beclin-1shRNA对SH-SY5Y细胞的活力无影响,但可以抑制低氧诱导的自噬。     

抑制Dicer基因对shRNA功能发挥的影响

本文将Dicer基因的RNA酶III结构域作为靶区,设计并构建了两个抗Dicer基因的小发夹样RNA(shRNA)表达载体,将其转染2215、结肠癌TC细胞和基因组中整合有绿色荧光蛋白基因(GFP)的HepG2A9细胞,通过RT-PCR评价RNA干扰抑制Dicer基因表达的效率;当HepG2A9细胞Dicer基因表达被上述RNA干扰抑制时,再转染抗GFP的shRNA表达载体,通过RT-PCR和荧光显微镜观察GFP表达水平。结果显示,在不同细胞系中,这两个抗Dicer基因shRNA表达载体,均能明显抑制Dicer基因的表达;当Dicer基因受抑时,后续转染抗GFP的shRNA表达载体不能有效抑制GFP的表达。结果表明,抗Dicer基因shRNA表达载体,能够明显抑制Dicer基因的表达;shRNA表达载体的功能发挥需要Dicer酶的直接参与。     

核受体相关因子1表达下调对多巴胺能细胞酪氨酸羟化酶和神经突起生长的影响

将合成的核受体相关因子1（nuclear receptor-related factor 1,Nurr1）特异性短发夹寡核苷酸（small-hairpin RNA,shRNA）序列插入真核表达载体pSilen Circle（pSC）,构建Nurr1基因特异性shRNA真核表达载体,转染体外培养多巴胺能神经前体细胞系MN9D,分别采用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot方法检测其对MN9D细胞内源Nurr1的干扰作用及其对酪氨酸羟化酶（tyrosine hydroxylase,TH）表达的影响,并在倒置显微镜下观察MN9D细胞神经突起生长的情况,探讨Nurr1 shRNA表达载体对多巴胺能细胞表型标记物删和以神经突起延长为特征的细胞成熟的影响。结果表明,脂质体组细胞和转染阴性对照质粒的MN9D细胞内Nurr1、TH的表达正常,而转染Nurr1 shRNA真核表达载体（pSC-N1和pSC-N2）的MN9D细胞内Nurr1和TH的mRNA水平明显降低,Nurr1 mRNA的下降率分别为62．3％和45．6％,TH mRNA的下降率分别为76.3％和62．6％。同时Nurr1和TH蛋白的表达亦明显下调,Nurr1蛋白的下降率分别为57．4％和72．0％,TH蛋白的下降率分别为79．1％和70．1％。另外,转染Nurr1 shRNA真核表达质粒的MN9D细胞神经突起延长有所减少,但是与正常细胞无明显差异。结果提示：Nurr1 shRNA真核表达载体能显著下调MN9D细胞内源Nurr1和TH mRNA和蛋白的表达,同时可能对MN9D细胞的神经突起延长有一定的抑制作用。Nurr1 shRNA表达载体的成功构建为多巴胺能神经元发育以及帕金森病相关基因的功能研究奠定了基础。     

利用慢病毒介导的shRNA在GT1-7细胞中敲低Srsf1及其对GnRH、Kiss1的影响

目的:探讨慢病毒介导短发夹RNA(shRNA)敲低丝氨酸/精氨酸富集剪接因子1(Srsf1)基因对小鼠GT1-7细胞中性发育相关基因促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)、Kiss1的影响。方法:实验分为3组,即空白对照组、阴性对照组及shRNA干扰组。用Srsf1 shRNA慢病毒稳转GT1-7细胞,Real-time PCR和Western blot检测GT1-7细胞中Srsf1在mRNA和蛋白水平的变化,并检测稳转株中GnRH、Kiss1基因的表达情况。结果:慢病毒介导的shRNA成功感染了GT1-7细胞,与空白对照组及阴性对照组相比,shRNA干扰组中Srsf1在mRNA水平降低了45%(P0.001),在蛋白水平敲低了42%(P0.05)。在稳定低表达Srsf1的GT1-7细胞中,GnRH、Kiss1基因在mRNA水平也显著降低(P0.05)。结论:成功的构建了Srsf1基因敲低的细胞株。在GT1-7细胞中敲低Srsf1基因会抑制GnRH、Kiss1基因的表达。     

Expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor in rat hepatic stellate cells and its effects on cell growth and collagen production

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the contribution of angiotensin II towards the process of hepatic fibrosis that is largely due to hepatic stellate cell growth. METHODS: Adult rat hepatic stellate cells were cultured and checked for the expression of angiotensin II receptor 1a (AT(1a)) mRNA by RT-PCR and sequence analysis. The effects of angiotensin II were observed on stimulation of hepatic stellate cell growth detected by MTT assays, (3)H-thymidine incorporation and cell count, and collagen synthesis by (3)H-proline incorporation. RESULTS: We demonstrated that cultured adult rat hepatic stellate cells expressed AT(1a) mRNA, and angiotensin II in a concentration-dependent manner stimulated hepatic stellate cell growth at a concentration of 10(-7)-10(-9) mol/l and collagen synthesis at a concentration of 10(-6)-10(-10) mol/l. Also, AT(1a) receptor antagonist, in a concentration-dependent manner, blocked the cell growth from 10(-6) to 10(-8) mol/l and collagen synthesis from 10(-6) to 10(-9) mol/l. CONCLUSIONS: The results provided direct evidence that AT(1a) mRNA was expressed in rat hepatic stellate cells and angiotensin II could contribute towards the development of hepatic fibrosis via AT(1a) receptor.     

RNA干扰抑制结肠癌细胞血管内皮生长因子表达

目的 应用RNA干扰技术抑制结肠癌血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达。方法 将VEGF基因作为RNA干扰的靶区,通过E-RNAi网上提供的服务,设计两个特异的RNA干扰序列,将其装入含U6启动子的载体上,构建成抗VEGF基因的小发夹样RNA（shRNA）表达载体,再转染人结肠癌细胞HT29,通过RT-PCR、Northern杂交、免疫荧光和Western杂交,观察VEGF表达受抑的程度。结果 成功构建了两种抗VEGF基因的shRNA表达载体,RT-PCR、Northern杂交、免疫荧光和Western杂交,均发现其能明显抑制HT29细胞VEGF基因的表达,抑制率分别达42%、88%、73%和82%。结论 针对VEGF基因的shRNA表达载体能够明显抑制结肠癌细胞VEGF基因的表达。     

不同细胞系中RNA干扰抑制血管内皮生长因子表达

目的通过RNA干扰技术抑制血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达,并观察在不同细胞系中,RNA干扰作用强度的变化。方法将VEGF基因作为RNA干扰的靶区,通过E-RNAi网上提供的服务,设计两个特异的RNA干扰序列,将其装入含U6启动子的载体上,构建成抗VEGF基因的小发夹样RNA(shRNA)表达载体,再转染人胚肾细胞HEK293、结肠癌细胞HT29、宫颈癌细胞Hela和肝癌细胞HepG2,通过RT-PCR观察VEGF表达受抑的程度及在不同细胞系中RNA干扰作用强度的变化。结果成功构建了两种抗VEGF基因的shRNA表达载体,发现其在HEK293和HT29细胞系中,能明显抑制VEGF基因的表达,抑制率分别为72%和42%;但在Hela细胞中,抑制作用明显减低至28%;在HepG2细胞中抑制作用更弱,仅为13%。结论针对VEGF基因的shRNA表达载体能够明显抑制VEGF基因的表达,但在不同细胞系中的作用强度有明显差别,提示RNA干扰作用存在明显的细胞系选择性。     

RNA干扰抑制麻疹病毒体外复制的实验研究

为了研究短发夹RNA(shRNA)介导的RNA干扰对麻疹病毒体外复制的抑制作用,构建靶向与麻疹病毒复制密切相关的宿主细胞基因Rab9 GTPase基因特异性shRNA表达载体,分别转染Vero-E6和B95a细胞后感染麻疹病毒Edmonston株和野生株。逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫印迹技术(Western-blot)检测转染细胞内Rab9 GTPase基因表达水平;标准蚀斑试验测定麻疹病毒滴度。结果显示转染细胞内Rab9 GTPase mRNA和蛋白质的表达水平同对照组相比明显降低,标准蚀斑试验显示麻疹病毒的复制受到显著抑制,抑制率达到90%以上。结果表明载体介导的shRNAs能通过特异性下调Rab9 GTPase基因表达抑制麻疹病毒体外复制,Rab9 GTPase可能成为治疗麻疹病毒感染的RNA干扰靶。     

绿色荧光蛋白标记的TGF-β1shRNA真核表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的：构建小鼠转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）短发夹RNA（shRNA）真核表达载体,探讨TGF-β1在血管发育中的调控作用。方法：根据GenBank小鼠TGF-β1mRNA序列,设计合成三对短链寡核苷酸,退火后形成双链DNA并克隆至入门载体DEN_mH1c。将插入目的基因片段的入门载体与带有绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）标签的shRNA真核表达载体pDS_hpEy进行LR重组反应,完成三个TGF-β1shRNA表达载体的构建,分别命名为pDS_Ta,pDS_Tb和pDS_Tc。经测序确认后,转染小鼠成纤维细胞（NIH／3T3）,筛选稳定表达的细胞克隆,以RT-PCR及Westem blot方法检测转染后TGF-β1mRNA和蛋白表达。结果：RT-PCR和Western blot显示pDS_Tc可明显下调NIH／313细胞TGF-β1的mRNA和蛋白表达,mRNA下调约为70％,蛋白表达减少约65％。结论：GFP标签TGF-β1shRNA表达载体能够阻断TGF-β1基因表达,可作为研究TGF-β1调控血管发育机制的一个工具,为阐明TGF-β1信号传导通路奠定基础。     

shRNA targeting β1-integrin suppressed proliferative aspects and migratory properties of airway smooth muscle cells

Dysfunction of airway smooth muscle (ASM) is an essential feature of airway remodeling in chronic asthma. However, the precise mechanisms of this pathological process have not been well studied. In previous study, we found that β1-integrin, which was dramatically upregulated in ASM cells in an asthmatic mouse model, was associated with the cell proliferation. In this study, we employed short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting β1-integrin to assess the effect of down-regulation of this receptor on the proliferative aspects and migratory properties of ASM cells in vitro. The cells were treated with shRNA expression vectors directed against β1-integrin, control vectors that included the blank control, empty vector without shRNA, and mismatched shRNA, respectively. The mRNA and protein expressions of β1-integrin were determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Cell proliferation was measured by BrdU ELISA and cell cycle by fluorescence-activated cell sorter. Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining. Cell migration assays were evaluated by transwell assay and expression of IL-6 and IL-8 by ELISA. The results revealed that shRNA targeting β1-integrin significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of β1-integrin, enhanced the proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase, decreased the proportion in S phase, promoted cell apoptosis, inhibited cell proliferation, migration, IL-6 and IL-8 secretion in vitro. In conclusion, the overexpression of β1-integrin in ASM cells is essential for airway dysfunction development because it promotes proliferative aspects and migratory properties of ASM cells. Importantly, shRNA targeting β1-integrin may provide a new approach to preventing airway remodeling in chronic asthma.     

靶向下调FOXM1 基因表达对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231 细胞增殖的影响

目的：探讨靶向抑制FOXM1 对乳腺癌细胞增殖能力的影响,为乳腺癌的个性化靶向治疗提供理论依据。方法：利用重组真 核转录载体pSilencer1.0-U6-FOXM1-shRNA,脂质体法转染乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231,下调其FOXM1基因表达。采用四甲基 偶氮唑盐(MTT) 比色法、平板克隆形成实验观察细胞增值曲线以及克隆形成能力;采用实时定量- 聚合酶链反应(Real-time qPCR)、蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blot）分别检测FOXM1 基因在mRNA、蛋白水平的表达变化。结果：重组载体pSilencer1. 0-U6-FOXM1-shRNA转染MDA-MB-231细胞后,与对照组相比,增殖速率明显下降（P<0.05）,平板克隆形成显著减少（P<0.05）, 重组载体转染后显著抑制MDA-MB-231 细胞中FOXM1 基因在mRNA、蛋白水平的表达。结论：沉默FOXM1 基因对乳腺癌细胞 株MDA-MB-231 生长具有抑制作用,为阐明乳腺癌发病机制提供了新的切入点,也为临床抑制肿瘤生长提供了新的作用靶点。     

Increased mRNA expression of cardiac renin-angiotensin system and collagen synthesis in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy is associated with the accumulation of collagen in the myocardial interstitium. Previous studies have demonstrated that this myocardial fibrosis accounts for impaired myocardial stiffness and ventricular dysfunction. Although cardiac fibroblasts are responsible for the synthesis of fibrillar collagen, the factors that regulate collagen synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts are not fully understood. We investigated the effects of angiotensin II on cardiac collagen synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts. Cardiac fibroblasts of 10 week old spontaneously hypertensive rats and age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats were prepared and maintained in culture medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum. The expression of mRNA of the renin-angiotensin system (renin, angiotensinogen, angiotensin converting enzyme) was determined by using a ribonuclease protection assay. Basal collagen synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts from spontaneously hypertensive rats was 1.6 fold greater than that in the cell of Wistar-Kyoto rats. Angiotensin II stimulated collagen synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. The responsiveness of collagen production to angiotensin II was significantly enhanced in cardiac fibroblasts from spontaneously hypertensive rats (100 nM angiotensin II resulted in 185 ± 18% increase above basal levels, 185 ± 18 versus 128 ± 19% in Wistar-Kyoto rats p < 0.01). This effect was receptor-specific, because it was blocked by the competitive inhibitor saralasin and MK 954. These results indicate that collagen production was enhanced in cardiac fibroblasts from spontaneously hypertensive rats, that angiotensin II had a stimulatory effect on collagen synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts, and that cardiac fibroblasts from spontaneously hypertensive rats were hyper-responsive to stimulation by angiotensin II.Level of angiotensin and renin mRNA expressed in ventricles, and angiotensinogen mRNA expressed in fibroblasts from SHR were higher than those from WKY.These findings suggest that the cardiac renin-angiotensin system may play an important role in collagen accumulation in hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy.     

Short-hairpin RNA-mediated gene expression interference in Trichoplusia ni cells

RNA interference (RNAi) is rapidly becoming a valuable tool in biological studies, as it allows the selective and transient knockdown of protein expression. The short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) transiently silence gene expression. By contrast, the expressed short-hairpin RNAs induce long-term, stable knockdown of their target gene. Trichoplusia ni (T. ni) cells are widely used for mammalian cell-derived glycoprotein expression using the baculovirus system. However, a suitable shRNA expression system has not been developed yet. We investigated the potency of shRNA-mediated gene expression inhibition using human and Drosophila U6 promoters in T. ni cells. Luciferase, EGFP, and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (GlcNAcase) were employed as targets to investigate knockdown of specific genes in T. ni cells. Introduction of the shRNA expression vector under the control of human U6 or Drosophila U6 promoter into T. ni cells exhibited the reduced level of luciferase, EGFP, and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase compared with that of untransfected cells. The shRNA was expressed and processed to siRNA in our vector-transfected T. ni cells. GlcNAcase mRNA levels were down-regulated in T. ni cells transfected with shRNA vectors-targeted GlcNAcase as compared with the control vector-treated cells. It implied that our shRNA expression vectors using human and Drosophila U6 promoters were applied in T. ni cells for the specific gene knockdown.