中国昆虫生态学五十年(1949～1999)

150年来昆虫生态学在我国的发展概况昆虫生态学这门学科50年来在我国有了很大的发展,它不仅由一门经典的描述性生物分文学科,发展而成为动态的定量分析的学科,由一门纯生物学科发展而成多门交叉学科,并且正在通过宏观学科与微观学科相结合,而发展成为一门完整的综合生态学科。50年前（即1949年以前）昆虫生态学在我国的基础极其薄弱,仅有一些田间调查描述性的记载。50年代的研究内容主要是重要害虫的田间发生规律及生态习性,亦相应开展一些生理生态的实验工作。60年代的中心工作是种群生态学的数量动态与空间动态的研究以及种群大发…     

现代生态学的几个热点

生态学在近卅年(60—80年代)以来取得了如此迅速的进展,使它从一个传统的、经验性的和描述定性的学科发展为一个用现代理论与高技术武装起来的,多学科渗透与交叉的现代化庞大学科。在更广阔的角度上,生态学正在从一个单纯描述生物与环境关系的自然科学渗透到社会和人文科学——经济、历史、哲学、政治与伦理道德等各个方面。“生态意识”逐渐成为全民道德观与世界观的要素。     

旅游生态学—生态学应用的一个新领域

旅游生态学──生态学应用的一个新领域刘鸿雁（北京大学城市与环境学系,１００８７１）ＲｅｃｒｅａｔｉｏｎＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ─—ＡＮｅｗＡｒｅａｏｆＡｐｐｌｉｅｄＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ．￥ＬｉｕＨｏｎｇｙａｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＵｒｂａｎａｎｄＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍ...     

生态学的精神价值

生态学的精神价值陈清硕（江苏农学院扬州２２５００１）ＳｐｉｒｉｔｕａｌＶａｌｕｅｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ￥．ＣｈｅｎＱｉｎｇｓｈｕｏ（ＪｉａｎｇｓｕＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＣｏｌｌｅｇｅ,Ｙａｎｇｚｈｏｕ２２５００１）：ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（３）：６８－７２．Ｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｓｔｈｅｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｅｃｏｌｏｇｙｉｎｔｈｅｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓｏｆｓｏｃｉａｌｉｄｅｏｌｏｇｙａｎｄｃｉｖｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ．Ｅｃｏｌｏｇｙｈｅｌｐｓｂｒｉｎｇｉｎｔｏｂｅｉｎｇｔｈｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆａｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃｗｏｒｌｄｏｕｔｌｏｏｋａｎｄｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｔｈｅｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｃｏｎｓｃｉｏｕｓ－ｎｅｓｓｏｆｍａｎｋｉｎｄ．Ｉｔａｌｓｏｓｕｐｐｌｉｅｓａｔｏｔａｌｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔａｌｐｏｉｎｔｏｆｖｉｅｗｆｏｒｔｈｅｓｏｃｉｅｔｙａｎｄｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｓａｇｒｅａｔａｅｓｔｈｅｔｉｃｖａｌｕｅ．Ｔｈｅｓｐｉｒｉｔｕａｌｖａｌｕｅｏｆｅｃｏｌｏｇｙｓｈｏｕｌｄｎｅｖｅｒｂｅｎｅｇｌｅｃｔｅｄ．Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ：ｓｏｃｉａｌｅｃｏｌｏｇｙ,ｅｃｏｌ     

分子生态学发展的前提和条件

分子生态学发展的前提和条件湖北医科大学病毒研究所暨分子生态学研究室武昌４３００７１林雨霖向近敏刘学锋周峰美国密西西比大学医学院微生物学免疫学系暨ＶＡ医学中心杰克逊,３９２１６向连滨在以《分子生态学》［１］首发式为基础的首届全国分子生态学学术研讨会（１...     

协同生态学

1.协同生态学定义协同生态学是以系统科学,尤其是协同学为基础研究协同生物体和基本生态组元的形成、发展和改建的科学。它包括两部分的内容:基础协同生态学和协同生态工程学。基础协同生态学主要研究:(1)生态     

21世纪植物微生态学、植物宏观生态学、植物分子生态学的发展和统一

微生态学问世30年,发展之迅速出乎人的意料。尤其是对生态学发展起了积极的推动作用。但微生态学学科本身尚有不足之处,关于边界不清就是一例。1992年巴西环境与发展大会是全球环境保护与生态建设的一个重要里程碑。生态学发展至今,已不仅仅是研究和揭示生态系统与环境系统相互关系的一门学科,它已经成为指导人类行为准则的一门学科。微生态学越来越引起人们注意,但微生态学边界不清,妨碍了学科发展。尤其在植物病理学科界,认识差距较大,微生态学者正在努力,使其早日求得统一。     

《应用生态学报》投稿须知(2020年12月修订)

《应用生态学报》(月刊)系中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所和中国生态学学会主办、国内外公开发行的综合性学术期刊。主要刊载有关应用生态学方面的研究报告、综述、述评等。具体包括森林生态学、农业生态学、草地生态学、渔业生态学、自然资源生态学、景观生态学、全球变化生态学、城市生态学、产业生态学、生态规划与生态设计、污染生态学、化学生态学、生态工程学、恢复生态学、生物入侵与生物多样性保护生态学、流行病生态学、旅游生态学和生态系统管理等。     

欢迎订阅2021年《应用生态学报》

《应用生态学报》(月刊)系中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所和中国生态学学会主办、国内外公开发行的综合性学术期刊。主要刊载有关应用生态学方面的研究报告、综述、述评等。具体包括森林生态学、农业生态学、草地生态学、渔业生态学、自然资源生态学、景观生态学、全球变化生态学、城市生态学、产业生态学、生态规划与生态设计、污染生态学、化学生态学、生态工程学、恢复生态学、生物入侵与生物多样性保护生态学、流行病生态学、旅游生态学和生态系统管理等。     

《应用生态学报》投稿须知(2021年12月修订)

<正>《应用生态学报》(月刊)系中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所和中国生态学学会主办、国内外公开发行的综合性学术期刊。主要刊载有关应用生态学方面的研究报告、综述、述评等。具体包括森林生态学、农业生态学、草地生态学、渔业生态学、自然资源生态学、景观生态学、全球变化生态学、城市生态学、产业生态学、生态规划与生态设计、污染生态学、化学生态学、生态工程学、恢复生态学、生物入侵与生物多样性保护生态学、流行病生态学、旅游生态学和生态系统管理等。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.