灰白蚕蛾生物学特性的研究

灰白蚕蛾Ocinara varians Walker是榕树的一种重要害虫,该虫在福建福州一年发生7代,无明显越冬现象。幼虫一般5龄,少数6龄。卵期4-18天,幼虫期11-15天,肾期3-17天。每雌可产卵155-261粒,成虫寿命5-16天。     

微红梢斑螟的生物学特性及其防治

微红梢斑螟是为害马尾松的重要害虫之一,该虫在福建明溪1年发生3-4代,以幼虫越冬,幼虫5龄,卵期3-7天左右,曲虫期24-35天,越冬代138-169天,蛹期11-18天。选用40％氧化乐果、80％敌敌畏、50％甲胺磷、4.5%氯氢萄酯,20％杀灭菊脂等农药的不同浓度,采用拉丁方设计对微红梢斑螟进行防治试验。结果表明所选用的农药中80％敌敌畏500倍液、50％甲胺礴500倍液、40％氧化乐果500、1000、1500倍液,对3-5龄幼虫的防治效果部在85％以上。20%杀灭菊酯、80%敌敌畏和柴油以2：1：50或1：2：50的比例混合,防治效果均在90％以上．     

甘薯蠹野螟生物学特性初步研究

1992-1994年在平潭县对甘薯蠹野螟的生物学进行观察。该虫在平潭县一年发生5代,以幼虫在越冬薯茎内越冬。旬平均温度28-30℃,卵期6．20天,幼虫期24．6天,蛹期12．3天,雌成虫寿命4．4天,雄成虫寿命6．7天。并对各虫期的生活习性和田间清长规律进行观察。     

黄翅菜叶蜂的初步研究

黄翅菜叶蜂为油菜、白菜、萝卜等十字花科植物主要害虫之一。在四川凉山地区一年可发生五个重迭世代,以老熟幼虫在土壤中作蛹茧越冬,越冬成虫四月上旬出现,第一代成虫发生于5月上旬-6月中旬,第二代6月上旬-7月中旬,第三代7月上旬-8月下旬,第四代8月中旬-10月中旬,10月间开始越冬。成虫量与油菜生育期有极密切的关系,子叶期成虫量为80.1-93.0%。成虫有较强的伪死性,雨天、阴天伪死性较强,晴天较弱,成虫雨天不活动产卵。雌虫一般多于雄虫,雌虫为68.4-70.9%。雌虫最多产卵量为318粒,最少为35粒。雌成虫寿命5-12天,雌虫3-9天。卵期4-41天,卵孵化率一般为93.3-100%。幼虫有5龄,幼虫期10-36天,1-3龄幼虫多躲在叶背,不易发觉,老熟幼虫潜入1-11厘米土层内化蛹,前蛹期5-21天,蛹期7-25天。成虫初羽化时在土面爬行数分钟才能飞翔,晴天飞翔力强。耕翻土壤对蛹有一定机械损伤,暴露于土面的蛹在自然阳光下照晒其死亡率很高。 666、DDT对黄翅菜叶蜂幼虫具有极强的毒杀效果。敌百虫较差。     

环带锦斑蛾的生物学

环带锦斑蛾在江西南昌一年1～3代,以幼虫在寄主基部落叶层的叶片内越冬。根据其种群在生活史上的分化,可分为:连续发育型,一年3代;二代滞育型,一年2代;一代滞育型,一年1代。卵聚产于寄主枝秆、叶腋和叶片上。越冬幼虫6～7龄;非滞育幼虫5龄。成虫寿命,雌虫10～15天,雄虫7～10天。讨论了该虫生活史上的~α分散适应”对策的意义。     

梨斑叶甲的发生与防治

记述了梨斑叶甲各虫期的形态。该虫每年发生1代,以成虫在土内越冬。3月下旬出蛰取食,产卵于寄生叶背面。卵期7～10天,幼虫期20天左右,蛹期11天左右,成虫期360天左右。在幼虫三龄以前用80％敌敌畏乳油、40％乐果乳油、20％杀灭菊酯乳油喷雾防治均有良好效果。     

波纹杂毛虫生物学特性与防治

对波纹杂毛虫幼期形态特征作了详细描述;该虫在福建省1a发生2代,以3—4龄幼虫在地被物中越冬;系统观察了各龄幼虫的取食过程并计算了取食量。开展了室内外防治试验。为该虫综合防治提供了科学依据。     

福建莆田烦夜蛾的初步研究

本报道甘薯烦夜蛾的生物学和防治方法。结果表明．在福建莆田沿海地区一年发生5代,步数6代,冬季无明显越冬现象。日均温26．8℃,相对湿度61%,卵期31天,幼虫期15.2天,蛹期14.2天,成虫产卵前期1．8天,全代历期34．3天。7-9月为幼虫大发生季节,危害早甘薯。幼虫共6龄,成虫单雌产卵量平均111粒。此虫天敌资源较为丰富,烦夜蛾多角体病毒NPV很有利用价值。     

黑紫蛱蝶生物学特性的研究

黑紫蛱蝶Sasainia funebris(Leech)一年发生1代,11月份以四龄幼虫在寄主植物枝条上越冬．翌年4月越冬幼虫眠起．6月化蛹,7月中旬为成虫羽化盛期。各虫态历期：卵6．5—7天,幼虫共6龄,计300天左右,蛹12—13天,成虫10—13天。同时,还记述了该蝶各虫态的形态特征、生活习性和天敌情况等。     

侧柏毒蛾生活习性及防治技术

侧柏毒蛾(Parocneria furva Leech)在京藏高速青海省境内马平西高速公路马场垣至老鸦峡隧道段(K1695-K1711)中央隔离带、分离式隔离栅、匝道等绿化区域发生。一年2代,以卵越冬。幼虫5-6龄,幼虫期27-63天,蛹期8-22天,成虫寿命3-10天。每雌平均产卵量68粒。根据其生物学特性,在不同虫态期采取以化学药剂防治为主,加以配合乔灌木混交的营林措施,防治效果明显。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.