THE DIGESTION AND INACTIVATION OF MALTASE BY TRYPSIN AND THE SPECIFICITY OF MALTASES

1. The maltase of saliva and that of E. coli (B. coli communis) hydrolyze maltose but not α-methylglucoside or sucrose and are therefore to be considered glucomaltases. 2. Maltase is rapidly and completely inactivated and digested by trypsin.     

INHIBITION OF DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE BY PALMITOYL-CoA AND THE REVERSAL OF THE INHIBITION BY SPERMINE AND SPERMIDINE IN THE EGGS OF THE SEA URCHIN,HEMICENTROTUS PULCHERRIMUS*

Dihydrofolate reductase activity in fertilized eggs of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, was almost the same as in unfertilized eggs. Aminopterin inhibited the enzyme competitively with dihydrofolate (FH₂). The apparent K_m value for FH₂ in the dihydrofolate reductase reaction was about 0.1 μM in the crude homogenate of both unfertilized and fertilized eggs. Dihydrofolate reductase in the eggs was also inhibited by palmitoyl-CoA. The inhibition was canceled by polyamines, especially by spermine, but putrescine failed to prevent the enzyme from the inhibition. The change in long-chain acyl-CoA and polyamine concentrations during fertilization are discussed as possible regulatory factors of the enzyme.     

抗病小麦对脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的脱毒及产物的生物活性

抗赤霉病小麦品种苏麦3号、繁9能转化镰刀菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)成产物X,而感病小麦品种宁麦6号、徐州21无转化能力。产物X对小麦黄化芽鞘的伸长生长无抑制作用,而对禾谷镰刀菌分生孢子的萌发有明显抑制。说明抗性小麦品种对赤霉病菌毒素的脱毒是小麦重要的抗赤霉病机制。     

次黄嘌呤与黄嘌呤氧化酶引起的培养神经细胞的损伤以及缺糖和谷氨酸盐的影响

在外源性次黄嘌呤和黄嘌呤氧化酶的作用下,培养神经细胞发生肿胀、破碎和K~ 丢失等损伤性变化。当细胞外葡萄糖由5mmol/L降至2.5mmol/L及Ommol/L时,K~ 丢失分别增加1.4倍及7.8倍。若同时加入谷氨酸盐1mmol/L或N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)0.4mmol/L,K~ 丢失增高3倍。提高Mg~(2 )浓度至2.5mmol/L或加入DL-2-氨基-5-磷戊酸0.5mmol/L均可阻断谷氨酸盐对自由基损伤的增强作用。提示脑缺血,缺氧时,兴奋性氨基酸通过激动NMDA受体,使Ca~(2 )内流增加,从而加重自由基损伤。     

THE ETCHING OF MARBLE BY ROOTS IN THE PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF BACTERIA

In a study of the effect of soil bacteria upon the etching power of the roots of Canada field peas upon polished marble, it has been shown that the presence of the bacteria increases the etching power of the roots.