A new Oriental species of Mesocyclops (Copepoda: Cyclopidae)

Mesocyclops ferjemurami sp. nov. is described from Central Vietnam, North India and Sri Lanka. It differs from all congeners in having a unique spinule ornamentation on the caudal surface of the antennary basipodite: the `leuckarti-type' spinule pattern is supplemented with a group of spinules at the height of implantation of the medial setae, and proximal to this group a triangular spinule field occurs, the longest side of which runs more or less parallel to the oblique row of tiny spinules starting at distal half of the medial rim. It is suggested that Mesocyclops ferjemurami is closely related to Mesocyclops pehpeiensis Hu, 1943 and Mesocyclops papuensis Van de Velde, 1987.     

A new species of Tigriopus (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Harpacticidae) from Thailand with the description of its naupliar development

Both genders of Tigriopus thailandensis sp. nov. are described from a laboratory stock raised from individuals collected from the seaweed Enteromorpha clathrata in Thailand (Bangsaen Beach, Chonburi Province). Tigriopus thailandensis sp. nov. shares with its closest relative T. japonicus Mori, 1932 two setae on the third exopodal segment of leg 4 while other congeners bear 3 inner setae. However, allobasis and exopod of antenna in both genders are much more slender and elongate than in T. japonicus. All six naupliar stages of T. thailandensis are described from the offspring of isolated females. In comparison with nauplii of T. japonicus, T. thailandensis nauplii are characterized by the following: a smaller body size throughout the naupliar phase; first antennular segment without seta, second antennular segment with only one small seta plus two longer setae; third antennular segment with additional spinules from naupliar stage II onwards; antenna bears three small spinules on the terminal exopodal segment; one additional seta on the anterior surface of the antennary basis, tubular endopod of antenna with one tiny seta midlength at naupliar stage III that increases in size; mandibular basis with several spinules on anterior surface; mandibular coxa with one spinulose seta that is smooth in T. japonicus.     

Biological control of Culicidae with the copepod Mesocyclops aspericornis and larvivorous fish (Poeciliidae) in a village of French Polynesia

The copepod Mesocyclops aspericornis Daday and the larvivorous fishes Gambusia affinis (B. & G.) and Poecilia reticulata R. & B., were released into mosquito breeding sites in Tuherahera village, Tikehau atoll, French Polynesia, to control larvae of Aedes aegypti (L.), Ae.polynesiensis Marks, Culex annulirostris Skuse and Cx quinquefasciatus Say. Treatments were completed within a week, in January 1990. Fish quickly eliminated mosquito larvae from the open breeding sites (ponds, wells). The impact of copepods in water tanks, drums and covered wells was inconsistent, apparently depending on the availability of microfaunal diet for growth of copepod nauplii. As the biting rate of adult Ae.aegypti seemed to be unaffected by the biological control of larvae, this village-scale experiment was judged to be unsuccessful as a means of vector control.     

Surveillance of the mosquito Aedes aegypti and its biocontrol with the copepod Mesocyclops aspericornis in Australian wells and gold mines

Abstract. A survey of the dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti was undertaken using runnel traps to detect immature stages (larvae and pupae) in flooded disused mine shafts and wells in Charters Towers, Queensland, Northern Australia. The town has a history of dengue fever since 1885 when goldminers were the first recorded victims. During the latest dengue epidemic in 1993, 2% of the population had laboratory-confirmed dengue virus Type 2, despite source reduction of Ae.aegypti breeding-sites at ground level or above. This led to suspicions that dengue vector Ae.aegypti breeding-sites might be below ground level. When surveyed in March 1994, Ae.aegypti immatures were found in 9/10 wells and 1/6 mine shafts. The water in wells and mines had similar characteristics -except that turbidity was higher in the mines, which more often contained predators of mosquito immatures.
The copepod Mesocyclops aspericornis was collected from water in 1/10 wells and 2/6 mine shafts. Laboratory predation trials resulted in 95.5–100% predation by 25 copepods/1 on Ae.aegypti first-instar larvae up to 200 larvae/1. Five wells containing Ae.aegypti in the survey were inoculated with fifty indigenous M.aspericornis , and five wells (one positive and four negative in the survey) were left untreated as controls. Nine months later, in December 1994, Ae.aegypti had been eliminated from all five treated wells but all untreated control wells contained Ae.aegypti , except for one well that contained a natural population of M.aspericornis. The role of wells and mines as winter/ dry season refuges of Ae.aegypti in northern Australia is reviewed, and we recommend the use of M.aspericornis as a cost-effective, environmentally acceptable and persistent agent for the sustainable control of Ae.aegypti , especially in inaccessible breeding sites.     

Ergasilus thatcheri n. sp. (Copepoda, Poecilostomatoida, Ergasilidae) from the gills of Rhamdia quelen (Teleostei, Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) from southern Brazil

The female of Ergasilus thatcheri n. sp. (Copepoda, Poecilostomatoida, Ergasilidae) is described from the gills of the "jundiá," Rhamdia quelen (Teleostei, Siluriformes, Pimelodidae), from fish ponds in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The new species has a falciform semipinnate terminal seta on the first exopod, which suggests phylogenetic affinity to 10 other congeners, all from fishes of the Amazon Basin. Based on general morphology, the new species shows great similarity to E. callophysus Thatcher and Boeger, 1984, a parasite of another pimelodid fish Callophysus macropterus. Ergasilus thatcheri n. sp., however, can be easily differentiated from E. callophysus in its possession of a more distal sensillum not located on a cuticular elevation, and a row of spinules on the inner margin of the second antennal segment (first endopodal segment).     

Doridicola indistinctus n. sp. (Copepoda: Poecilostomatoida: Rhynchomolgidae) associated with the soft coral Gersemia fruticosa Sars (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Nephtheidae) from the White Sea

A new species of poecilostomatoid copepod, Doridicola indistinctus n. sp. (Rhynchomolgidae), is described from specimens found in association with the soft coral Gersemia fruticosa Sars (Alcyonacea: Nephtheidae), collected from the White Sea. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the combination of the following features in the female: (i) antenna tipped, with two subequal large claws which are about as long as the segment bearing them; (ii) two naked, extremely unequal setae on the middle segment of the maxilliped, the short, medial seta less than half-length of the outer seta; and (iii) free segment of leg 5 bears the basal swelling and is ornamented with spinules on the outer surface. This is the first report of a copepod occurring in symbiosis with nephtheid corals from the Arctic Zone. It also constitutes the northernmost record for a species of Doridicola Leydig, 1853, which is the largest genus of the Rhynchomolgidae Burmeister, 1835 comprising 52 species, including the present new species.     

中国湖南角蟾科一新种——桑植角蟾

对采集于湖南桑植县天平山的角蟾标本(CIB200078)与同域分布的相近种尾突角蟾(Megophrys caudoprocta Shen,1994)标本及其他相近种标本比较后发现,该角蟾标本在形态上明显不同于其他物种。其形态特征与尾突角蟾相比:体形小,体长54.7mm;上眼脸外缘三角形突起小;体腹面后部有斑点;犁骨棱弱,末端不膨大,也无犁骨齿;雄性第一、二指背面黑婚刺相对较大,有声囊。与棘指角蟾相比:肛孔上方有一个向后突出的尾突,腹面观可见;雄性第一、二指背面黑婚刺相对较小而密。故将其订为新种:桑植角蟾Megophrys sangzhiensis sp.nov.。     

Bomolochus peruensis n. sp. (Copepoda: Bomolochidae), a parasite of sciaenid fishes from the Peruvian coast

Bomolochus peruensis n. sp., a parasite of the sciaenid fishes Menticirrhus ophicephalus and Sciaena deliciosa from the central Peruvian coast, is described and illustrated. The new taxon differs from all other Bomolochus species in a combination of characteristics of leg 2, leg 4 and leg 6 and by the presence of spinules on the ventral surface of the last abdominal segment only. This is the first record of Bomolochus from South America.     

Description of Eucyclops tziscao sp. n., E. angeli sp. n., and a new record of E. festivus Lindberg, 1955 (Cyclopoida,Cyclopidae, Eucyclopinae) in Chiapas,Mexico

Two new species of the freshwater cyclopoid genera Eucyclops are described, Eucyclops tziscao sp. n. and E. angeli sp. n. Both species belong to the serrulatus-group defined by morphological features such as: the presence of distal spinules or hair-like setae (groups N1 and N2) on frontal surface of antennal basis; the fourth leg coxa with a strong inner spine that bears dense setules on inner side, yet proximally naked (large gap) on outer side; and a 12-segmented antennule with smooth hyaline membrane on the three distalmost segments. Eucyclops tziscao sp. n. is morphologically similar to E. bondi and E. conrowae but differs from these species in having a unique combination of characters, including a caudal ramus 4.05±0.25 times as long as wide, lateral seta of Enp3P4 modified as a strong, sclerotized blunt seta, coxal spine of fourth leg with inner spinule-like setules distally, and sixth leg of males bearing a strong and long inner spine 2.3 times longer than median seta. Eucyclops angeli sp. n. can be distinguished by an unique combination of morphological features: the short caudal ramus; the long spine on the sixth antennular segment of A1; the presence of one additional group of spinules (N12’) on the caudal surface of A2; the presence of long setae in females, or short spinules in males on the lateral margin of fourth prosomite; the strong ornamentation of the intercoxal sclerite of P4, specially group I modified as long denticles; the distal modified setae of Exp3P3 and Exp3P4 in females and males; and the short lateral seta of P5. Finally, we report on a new record of E. festivus in México, and add data on morphology of the species.     

Siphonostomatoid copepods (Asterocheridae) associated with the sponge Dysidea in the Moluccas

Four new asterocherid copepods are reported from the sponge Dysidea at Pulau Gomumu, south of Obi, in the Moluccas. The copepods include: Asterocheres dysideae n. sp. (with a pointed postero-ventral process and a ventral setule on the caudal ramus); Parasterocheres cristatus, n. g., n. sp. (with a ridge on the free segment of leg 5 and ventral folds bearing spinules on the cephalosome); Phyllocheres petalus n. g., n. sp. (with a broad flattened leaf-like prosome, the second segment of the endopod of legs 1–4 with 2,2,2,2, and the third segment of the exopod of leg 1 with III,I,3); and Gomumucheres angularis n. g., n. sp. (with the second segment of the endopods of legs 1–4 with 2,2,1,1).     

Taxonomic review of the genus Aulacorthum (Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae) for the Korean peninsula, with the description of one new species

Twelve species of the genus Aulacorthum Mordvilko 1914 (Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae) are recognized from the Korean Peninsula. One new species, Aulacorthum ixeridis n. sp., is described for apterous and alate viviparous females on Ixeris chinensis var. graminifolia (Ledeb.) H. C. Fu and Lactuca indica L. (Asteraceae). From the allied species, Aulacorthum nepetifolii Miyazaki 1968, Aulacorthum ixeridis n. sp. is distinguished by the relatively short ultimate rostral segment (0.83–1.07 × as long as the second segment hind tarsus), the dense spinules on head and the triangular short cauda. Host plants of the Korean Aulacorthum are reviewed and the identification key to subgenera and species is also presented.     

The cyclopid (Crustacea,Copepoda) fauna of the inland waters of Israel

Four species of the genusMesocyclops (Cyclopoida: Cyclopidae) are reported from Israel:Mesocyclops kieferi Van de Velde, 1984,Mesocyclops aequatorialis similis Van de Velde, 1984,Mesocyclops ogunnus Onabamiro, 1957 andMesocyclops arcanus n.sp. The new species, close toM. kieferi, is described and some remarks are given for the other species.     

Mesocyclops (Crustacea, Copepoda, Cyclopidae) in the South Pacific islands

Based mainly on recently collected material, we discuss the taxonomy and zoogeography of a (sub)tropical genus, Mesocyclops, in the South Pacific. A new species, Mesocyclops roberti sp. nov. is described from Fiji and the Wallis Islands. New data on the geographic distribution and morphology are reported for Mesocyclops medialis, Mesocyclops woutersi and Mesocyclops aspericornis. Phylogenetic reconstructions coding the intraspecifically variable characters by three different methods (unordered, unscaled and scaled coding) support close relationship of M. roberti with two Australian species (Mesocyclops brooksi and Mesocyclops notius). Both the “unordered” and “scaled” analyses show monophyly of a group composed of Australian (Mesocyclops australiensis, M. brooksi, M. notius, and Mesocyclops pubiventris) and South Pacific (M. medialis and M. roberti sp. nov.) taxa. None of the analyses supports a sister relationship of M. roberti with M. medialis (New Caledonia, Vanuatu), the only other species restricted to South Pacific, which suggests that Mesocyclops invaded the South Pacific from Australia at least twice. The sister relationship of the Australian-South Pacific clade remains unresolved, yet all reconstructions suggest a link with Asian Mesocyclops sp.     

中国单小粪蝇属记述及一新种描述(双翅目:小粪蝇科:沼小粪蝇亚科)

记述1新记录属各1新种.列出了中国单小粪蝇属已知种检索表(♀).四刺单小粪蝇Monorbiseta quadrispinula Su,新种(图11～16 )该新种与新记录种M monorbiseta (Deeming)的区别是:髭角及颊略带棕黑色;第2前缘脉长略短于第3前缘脉;R2+3长,略直;雌性第8背片中骨片矩形;...     

A new poecilostomatoid copepod (Erebonasteridae) from deep-sea cold seeps at the West Florida Escarpment

A new species of poecilostomatoid copepod, Erebonaster spinulosus (Erebonasteridae), is described on the basis of a single female from a depth of 3 266 m at cold seeps near the base of the West Florida Escarpment in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Among its distinctive features are: the large body highly ornamented with setules and spinules, the rostrum with small median teeth and lateral setules, the claw of the second maxilla with a prominent knob on the concave margin, the maxilliped ornamented with setules and its claw bearing a digitiform process near the seta, the third segment of the exopod of leg 4 with the formula II,I,4, and the highly ornamented leg 5 having on the free segment a very long seta 9 times the length of the segment.The genus Erebonaster now contains two species, the previously described Erebonaster protentipes found in 2000 m at the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, and the new Erebonaster spinulosus.     

Ryocalanus spinifrons,a new species of Ryocalanidae (Copepoda: Calanoida), from the southwestern part of Sagami Bay,Japan

A new Ryocalanoid copepod, Ryocalanus spinifrons, collected by the MTD net system at a depth of 1400 m from the southwestern part of Sagami Bay, Japan, is described. The new species is morphologically very close to R. infelix Tanaka, 1956 (female unknown) from the Izu region of Sagami Bay. It is distinguished from other species by the presence of 12 long spinules on the ventral inner side of the fifth pedigerous somite, nine setae on the coxal epipodite of the maxillule and nine large robust spinules on the coxal segment of the fourth leg. The row of five robust spines on the paragnath distinguishes R. spinifrons.     

A new species of the grenadier genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Coelorinchus</Emphasis> (Actinopterygii: Gadiformes: Macrouridae) from the Timor Sea,Eastern Indian Ocean

Coelorinchus okamurai sp. nov. is described from five specimens collected in the Timor Sea at a depth of 610–690 m. The new species belongs to the Coelorinchus japonicus group (redefined in this study), and differs from all other congeners in having the following combination of features: snout moderately long, sharply pointed in lateral and dorsal views, length 39–42% of head length; lateral nasal ridge completely supported by nasal bone; light organ short, length less than 1/2 orbit diameter, its anterior margin falling far short of pelvic-fin bases; premaxillary teeth in short, uniformly wide band, with posterior end of the tooth band not reaching lateral corner of mouth; no teeth greatly enlarged; body scales covered with short, reclined, narrowly blade-like spinules in widely divergent rows; buttresses of body scale spinules scarcely developed; occipital scales between parietal ridges armed with divergent rows of long, erect, needle-like spinules; nasal fossa usually naked (a few small scales rarely present anteroventrally); patches of small scales sparsely distributed on ventral surface of head; scales on underside of head armed with 1–3 rows of short, erect, needle-like to knife-like spinules; interdorsal space longer than first dorsal-fin base length; subopercle terminating as a long, slender flap; body dark overall without prominent markings; fins uniformly blackish.