透明颤菌血红蛋白基因表达对金色链霉菌生长代谢的影响

利用四环素抗性基因启动子在金色链霉菌中表达透明颤菌血红蛋白基因。在1m3发酵罐中研究了工程菌株的生长代谢特性。在溶解氧充足的条件下,透明颤菌血红蛋白表达,对金色链霉菌生长代谢未产生明显影响,工程菌株与参比菌株的生长代谢特性基本一致,工程菌株和参比菌株金霉素最终浓度分别为22905u/mL、22896u/mL。在低溶解氧条件下,透明颤菌血红蛋白的表达,可促进金色链霉菌菌体生长、菌丝活力保持和金霉素的合成：工程菌菌体浓度比参比菌株高5％～10％,产物合成提高11.4％。     

Atpif1基因对K562细胞血红蛋白合成的影响*

目的:探讨线粒体三磷酸腺苷酶抑制因子-1(Atpif1)对血红蛋白合成的影响。方法:首先,将K562细胞分为低氧实验组、常氧对照组,低氧实验组采用O₂浓度为2%,分别培养24 h,48 h,72 h后收集两组细胞,通过细胞增殖-毒性检测试剂盒(CCK8)法检测细胞的活性,流式细胞仪检测低氧对细胞凋亡的影响,通过氯化血红素诱导K562细胞,检测低氧对血红蛋白合成的影响,qRT-PCR检测Atpif1,核因子(NF-κB),delta-氨基酮戊酸合成酶2(Alas2)基因的转录表达。然后,将K562细胞置于低氧培养箱培养并分为空白组,阴性对照组和si-Atpif1三组。转染siRNA,沉默Atpif1基因,观察血红蛋白合成和NF-κB、Alas2基因mRNA水平变化。结果:与常氧对照组相比,低氧实验组K562细胞活性降低、凋亡增加,血红蛋白含量增加(P＜0.05)。Atpif1、Alas2、NF-κB的mRNA表达水平上调(P＜0.05)。与空白对照组和阴性对照组相比,si-Atpif1组血红蛋白含量均有减少(P＜0.05),同时NF-κB、Alas2的mRNA水平也出现下调(P＜0.05)。结论:Atpif1基因参与调控血红蛋白合成,探究其在高原红细胞增多症(HAPC)发生中的作用,可以为防治HAPC提供新的思路和治疗靶点。     

Mechanism of inhibition of sickling by dimethyl adipimidate. Effects of intertetramer cross-linking

Dimethyl adipimidate (DMA), an effective antisickling agent in vitro, reacts with free amino groups producing chemically modified and cross-linked molecules. In this report, we have investigated the effect of cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers on sickle hemoglobin polymerization. Since the extent of cross-linking is pH-dependent, we first compared the solubilities of deoxygenated hemolysates prepared from sickle cells previously treated with dimethyl adipimidate at either pH 7.4 or 8.4. The solubility of the hemolysate increased from 18.6 +/- 0.8 g/dl in the untreated sample to 20.9 +/- 1.5 g/dl (pH 7.4) and to 25.4 +/- 3.0 g/dl (pH 8.4) after dimethyl adipimidate treatment. Removal of cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers from hemolysate obtained from dimethyl adipimidate-treated cells abolished part of this effect; at pH 7.4, the solubility decreased from 20.9 +/- 1.5 to 19.4 +/- 0.2 and at pH 8.4 from 25.4 +/- 3.0 to 21.0 +/- 1.5. However, the ratio of [14C]DMA-labelled hemoglobin in the sol phase to that in the gel phase in the unfractionated hemolysate was 1.17 at pH 7.4 and 1.25 at pH 8.4, suggesting that part of the cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers was incorporated into the gel. In order to further investigate the effect of cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers on sickle hemoglobin polymerization, we separated cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers on a gel-filtration column, prepared mixtures of untreated sickle hemoglobin and cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers and studied the polymerization of these mixtures. The Csat of the untreated hemolysate increased progressively from 18.6 +/- 0.8 to 22.5 +/- 0.8 g/dl with 33% cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers. The hemoglobin concentration in the gel decreased from 43 +/- 1.0 to 33.8 +/- 1.0 g/dl with 33% cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers, while the pellet volume fraction, phi p, increased with and almost approached 1 at 50% cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers. In addition, the sol phase contained a higher molecular weight distribution of cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers than the gel phase. These observations suggest that a loose polymer was formed in the gel phase with a hemoglobin concentration much lower than that of the control. Thus, polymerization of sickle hemoglobin is inhibited by: (1) exclusion of higher molecular weight cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers from the gel, and (2) loose incorporation of cross-linked hemoglobin tetramers into the gel, perhaps preventing lateral packing and formation of tightly ordered fibers.     

Glycosylated hemoglobin measured by affinity chromatography in diabetic and nondiabetic patients on long-term dialysis therapy.

We measured by affinity chromatography glycosylated hemoglobin levels in the blood of 43 diabetic and nondiabetic patients (139 measurements) on long-term dialysis therapy (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis) to determine the usefulness of this method of estimating glycemic control in diabetic persons on dialysis therapy. In nondiabetic patients, glycosylated hemoglobin levels were within the normal range (4.0% to 6.8% of total blood hemoglobin levels) for both continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. Glycosylated hemoglobin values correlated significantly with fasting blood glucose levels, serum urea levels, and serum total carbon dioxide content. By stepwise regression, fasting blood glucose values accounted statistically for .54 of the variability (R2) in glycosylated hemoglobin. The contribution of the other variables to this variability was minimal. In 9 diabetic patients (3 on hemodialysis), glycosylated hemoglobin levels correlated significantly with average daily blood glucose levels. Regression of the fasting blood glucose value on glycosylated hemoglobin was similar between continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. Measuring glycosylated hemoglobin levels by affinity chromatography is a suitable method for assessing glycemia in dialysis patients.     

A quantitative method for the analysis of glycated and glutathionylated hemoglobin by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry

The quantization of glycated isoforms of hemoglobin has been increasingly used in clinical practice in recent years. Glycated hemoglobin is currently considered the most important measurement for long-term control of the glycemic state and it has become a reference tool for the management of diabetes. Glutathionylated hemoglobin is an increasingly clinically relevant covalent adduct of glutathione with beta chain of the globin and its concentration has been correlated with oxidative stress. We have developed an innovative technique based on linear mode matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis of hemoglobin species. This method was applied to the quantification of glycated and glutathionylated hemoglobin. A rigorous comparison was pursued to evaluate the analytical performances in quantifying glycated hemoglobin in comparison to an established high-performance liquid chromatography method. Our results indicated a complete equivalence between the two methods. The same analysis enabled the quantitative determination of the glutathionylated hemoglobin fraction. This isoform was investigated in an adult Italian population (184 individuals, 101 males and 83 females), indicating a bimodal distribution of this species. In fact 65.22% of screened individuals had glutathionylated hemoglobin levels lower than 0.50% while 34.78% had glutathionylated hemoglobin levels higher than 0.50%. A semiautomatic robotic procedure was developed for fast analysis of a large number of samples. This is the first report of a quantitative application of linear MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for the determination of glutathionylated hemoglobin in blood samples. This method allows fast screening of this hemoglobin isoform, therefore opening the route to explore its specificity and sensitivity as a molecular biomarker.     

Toxic Effects of Cobalt Chloride on Hematological Factors of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

In this study, we investigate the toxic effects of cobalt chloride on some hematological factors of the carp Cyprinus carpio, such as white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. At first, LC₅₀ of cobalt in C. carpio was measured during 96 h after exposure. Also, physicochemical parameters of water including pH, dissolved oxygen, viscosity, temperature, and conductivity were monitored, continuously. The results showed that LC₅₀ values of cobalt in C. carpio were 327 and 328 mg/L in two replicates, respectively. Then, the changes in some hematological factors in the five treatment groups placed under concentration of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg/L cobalt were compared with the control group. Based on hematological tests conducted in this research, exposure of carp to 500- and 300-mg/L concentrations of cobalt in 48 h showed significant difference (p?<?0.05) in white blood cell count. The concentration of 500 mg/L cobalt in 24 h showed a significant difference in the amount of hemoglobin, number of red blood cells, and hematocrit level as compared with the control group. The concentration of 100 mg/L cobalt in 48 h did not show a significant difference in comparison with the control group (p?>?0.05). Also, the concentration of 500 mg/L cobalt in 24 h showed a significant difference in the amount of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin as compared with the control group and other treatments. Also, the percentage of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration in a concentration of 200 mg/L cobalt in 24 h showed a significant difference as compared with the control group and other treatments.     

Differential control of the synthesis of two hemoglobin beta chains in normal mice

A fetal-to-adult switch in the proportion of the mouse minor hemoglobin is described. Although mice have no fetal hemoglobin per se, the timing of this switch in the mouse suggests that the mechanism of its control may directly parallel that of the human switch from fetal to adult hemoglobin expression. The mouse minor hemoglobin is expressed only in strains with the "diffuse" allele for the beta chain complex locus. Fetal liver cells of these mice synthesize a much greater proportion of the betaminor globin chain that do adult hematopoietic cells. Consequently, circulating fetal erythrocytes carry a high level of the minor hemoglobin containing it. By the time of birth, a lowered proportion of betaminor is synthesized in the liver. This low proportion continues to be expressed during early erythroid maturation in the adult. The fetal-to-adult switch is the first indication that in normal mice, the two beta chain loci can be expressed noncoordinately. The similarity between the patterns of the decline of the minor hemoglobin in mice and of the disappearance of fetal hemoglobin in humans suggests that the minor hemoglobin in the "diffuse" mouse may function to some degree as a fetal hemoglobin in the period between the disappearance of the embryonic hemoglobins and the time of birth.     

Proteolytic degradation by cathepsin D of glycated hemoglobin from diabetes patients gives rise to hemorphin-7 peptides

Previous studies showed a significantly reduced level of hemorphins in the serum of diabetes patients. In order to elucidate the biochemical mechanisms responsible for this anomaly, the influence of hemoglobin glycation on hemorphin generation was studied. The glycation of hemoglobin occurs in the blood of diabetes patients and this could modify its enzymatic digestion and the resulting proteolytic products. Several samples of hemoglobin were obtained from the blood of type 1 diabetes patients (n = 8) and normal healthy control subjects (n = 2). The glycated hemoglobin samples were classified on the basis of their HbA1c values expressed as a percentage of total hemoglobin. Four solutions of glycated hemoglobin characterized by HbA1c values of 6%, 9.1%, 10.7% and 12.1% were treated with cathepsin D and the hemorphins obtained following the proteolysis were compared to controls. It was found that hemorphins were produced whatever the level of glycation of hemoglobin and also that the degree of glycation had no effect on the quantity of hemorphins released. Thus the alteration of hemoglobin does not seem to be the essential reason for the decrease in hemorphin concentrations in the sera of diabetic patients.     

NADH-dependent metabolism of nitric oxide in alfalfa root cultures expressing barley hemoglobin

Transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) root cultures expressing sense and antisense barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) hemoglobin were examined for their ability to metabolize NO. Extracts from lines overexpressing hemoglobin had approximately twice the NO conversion rate of either control or antisense lines under normoxic conditions. Only the control line showed a significant increase in the rate of NO degradation when placed under anaerobic conditions. The decline in NO was dependent on the presence of reduced pyridine nucleotide, with the NADH-dependent rate being about 2.5 times faster than the NADPH-dependent rate. Most of the activity was found in the cytosolic fraction of the extracts, while only small amounts were found in the cell wall, mitochondria, and 105,000-g membrane fraction. The NADH-dependent NO conversion exhibited a broad pH optimum in the range 7–8 and a strong affinity to NADH and NADPH (K _m 3 M for both). It was sensitive to diphenylene iodonium, an inhibitor of flavoproteins. The activity was strongly reduced by applying antibodies raised against recombinant barley hemoglobin. Extracts of Escherichia coli overexpressing barley hemoglobin showed a 4-fold higher rate of NO metabolism as compared to non-transformed cells. The NADH/NAD and NADPH/NADP ratios were higher in lines underexpressing hemoglobin, indicating that the presence of hemoglobin has an effect on these ratios. They were increased under hypoxia and antimycin A treatment. Alfalfa root extracts exhibited methemoglobin reductase activity, using either cytochrome c or recombinant barley hemoglobin as substrates. There was a correspondence between NO degradation and nitrate formation. The activity was eluted from a Superose 12 column as a single peak with molecular weight of 35±4 kDa, which corresponds to the size of the hemoglobin dimer. The results are consistent with an NO dioxygenase-like activity, with hemoglobin acting in concert with a flavoprotein, to metabolize NO to nitrate utilizing NADH as the electron donor.Abbreviation Hb Hemoglobin     

The indirect effect of hemoglobin on the electrophoretic mobility of human blood erythrocytes

Using the factor analysis, it was shown that the total content of hemoglobin in human blood plays a limited and indirect role in the regulation of average electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes. In this case, it is not the only parameter governing this level. The statistical relationship between the total content of hemoglobin and erythrocyte mobility in electrical field is not stable and is determined by the dependence of both indices on their common factor of control of erythroid homeostasis.     

Action of pelargonidin on hyperglycemia and oxidative damage in diabetic rats: implication for glycation-induced hemoglobin modification

Glycation-modified hemoglobin in diabetes mellitus has been suggested to be a source of enhanced catalytic iron and free radicals causing pathological complications. The present study aims to verify this idea in experimental diabetes. Pelargonidin, an anthocyanidin, has been tested for its antidiabetic potential with emphasis on its role against pathological oxidative stress including hemoglobin-mediated free radical reactions. Male wistar rats were grouped as normal control, streptozotocin-induced diabetic control, normal treated with pelargonidin and diabetic treated with pelargonidin. Pelargonidin-treated rats received one time i.p injection of the flavonoid (3 mg/kg bodyweight). Biochemical parameters were assayed in blood samples of different groups of rats. Liver was used for histological examinations. Pelargonidin treatment normalized elevated blood glucose levels and improved serum insulin levels in diabetic rats. Glucose tolerance test appeared normal after treatment. Decreased serum levels of SOD and catalase, and increased levels of malondialdehyde and fructosamine in diabetic rats were reverted to their respective normal values after pelargonidin administration. Extents of hemoglobin glycation, hemoglobin-mediated iron release, iron-mediated free radical reactions and carbonyl formation in hemoglobin were pronounced in diabetic rats, indicating association between hemoglobin glycation and oxidative stress in diabetes. Pelargonidin counteracts hemoglobin glycation, iron release from the heme protein and iron-mediated oxidative damages, confirming glycated hemoglobin-associated oxidative stress in diabetes.     

Biophysical study on the interaction of cartap hydrochloride and hemoglobin: Heme degradation and functional changes of protein

Cartap hydrochloride is a mildly perilous insecticide known as “Padan” which is used largely in agricultural farms to control weevil and caterpillars. The over use of cartap causes harmful effects on human health. Since the blood may acts as a target and carrier for insecticides, the effect of these compounds on blood in mammalian toxicology is very important. Hemoglobin is a tetramer protein that play critical role in oxygen transport. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the function and structural changes of hemoglobin in the presence of different concentrations of cartap by employing different spectroscopic techniques. The obtained results show that cartap has a high hemolytic effect which is increased with cartap concentration and reduces the thermal midpoint of hemoglobin. Fluorescence measurements reveal heme degradation at different concentrations of cartap. In consequence of theoretical and experimental results, cartap has an undesirable effect on hemoglobin structure and function.     

Effect of hypothermia on Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity and hemoglobin binding in the rat erythrocyte membranes]

The activity of Na+/K(+)-ATPase and hemoglobin binding in membranes of rat erythrocytes during hypothermia (20 degrees C) was studied. Hypothermia causes an increase in hemoglobin binding and a decrease in Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity. It was found in in vitro experiments that the addition of hemoglobin to the membranes does not affect the Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity in control animals and decreases the activity of the enzyme in hypothermia.     

Allosteric properties of hemoglobin and the plasma membrane of the erythrocyte: new insights in gas transport and metabolic modulation

Within the red blood cell the hemoglobin molecule is subjected to modulation mechanisms, namely homo- and heterotropic interactions, which optimize its functional behavior to the specific physiological requirements. At the cellular level, these modulation mechanisms are utilized to perform a number of other functions that are not minor with respect to the basic function of oxygen transport. Here we report some key examples concerning: (i) the interaction of hemoglobin with band 3 and its influence on glucose metabolism; (ii) the role of the ligand-linked quaternary transition of hemoglobin in the control of "NO bioactivity" and of gas diffusion; (iii) the interaction of plasma membrane with the various oxidative derivatives of the hemoglobin molecule.     

WAXS studies of the structural diversity of hemoglobin in solution

Specific ligation states of hemoglobin are, when crystallized, capable of taking on multiple quaternary structures. The relationship between these structures, captured in crystal lattices, and hemoglobin structure in solution remains uncertain. Wide-angle X-ray solution scattering (WAXS) is a sensitive probe of protein structure in solution that can distinguish among similar structures and has the potential to contribute to these issues. We used WAXS to assess the relationships among the structures of human and bovine hemoglobins in different liganded forms in solution. WAXS data readily distinguished among the various forms of hemoglobins. WAXS patterns confirm some of the relationships among hemoglobin structures that have been defined through crystallography and NMR and extend others. For instance, methemoglobin A in solution is, as expected, nearly indistinguishable from HbCO A. Interestingly, for bovine hemoglobin, the differences between deoxy-Hb, methemoglobin and HbCO are smaller than the corresponding differences in human hemoglobin. WAXS data were also used to assess the spatial extent of structural fluctuations of various hemoglobins in solution. Dynamics has been implicated in allosteric control of hemoglobin, and increased dynamics has been associated with lowered oxygen affinity. Consistent with that notion, WAXS patterns indicate that deoxy-Hb A exhibits substantially larger structural fluctuations than HbCO A. Comparisons between the observed WAXS patterns and those predicted on the basis of atomic coordinate sets suggest that the structures of Hb in different liganded forms exhibit clear differences from known crystal structures.     

四种类型启动子控制下空肠弯曲杆菌血红蛋白对大肠杆菌生长速度的影响

细菌血红蛋白可增加细胞在低氧条件下的氧气利用率,提高细胞的增长速率。为提高E. coli在现有发酵水平下的生物量,获得新型的基因工程底盘细胞,基于空肠弯曲杆菌(Campylobacter jejuni)血红蛋白基因,比较分析了组成型和诱导型启动子对血红蛋白在E. coli基因工程菌中的表达状况及对E. coli生长的影响。首先合成了空肠弯曲杆菌血红蛋白基因chb,并让chb基因在诱导型启动子(P_T7和P_vgh)和组成型启动子(P2和P_spoI-Ⅱ)控制下表达;随后,测定了由四种类型启动子控制的血红蛋白工程菌在摇瓶和蓝盖瓶中的生长状况。结果表明四种重组菌可以表达出有活性的血红蛋白,并可显著提高大肠杆菌的生长;在发酵罐中的试验也表明四种工程菌同样对细胞生长具有出促进作用;进一步比较分析了菌体密度、细胞鲜重和CO差式光谱值间的相互关系,讨论了四种类型启动子控制的基因工程菌在诱导表达和生长调控等方面的特点,并为在微氧和好氧等不同发酵条件下选用基因工程底盘细胞提供了参考。     

定期血糖监测对糖尿病患者血糖控制及生活方式的影响

目的:探讨定期血糖监测对糖尿病血糖控制及生活方式的影响。方法:随机抽取我中心2010-2011年度确诊的老年2型糖尿病患者110例,随机分为干预组和对照组,每组各55例;2组均接受正规降糖药物治疗及生活方式指导,干预组每周进行一次血糖监测,每3个月测一次糖化血红蛋白,对照组按患者意愿测定血糖指标,通过12个月的观察,研究两组患者在血糖控制及生活方式上的差异。结果:干预组患者空腹血糖(FPG)由定期监测血糖前的(7.26±1.36)mmol/L降至(6.68±1.10)mmol/L;餐后2小时血糖(2HPG)由定期监测血糖前的(12.34±2.29)mmol/L降至(11.09±1.98)mmol/L;糖化血红蛋白由监测前的(7.99±1.61)%降至(6.60±0.87)%;差异具有显著性(P<0.05);生活方式亦有明显改善,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);而对照组的改变不如干预组。结论:通过定期血糖监测可以有效地控制血糖、糖化血红蛋白,促使老年2型糖尿病患者改变不良生活方式。     

Isolation of a hemoglobin-derived opioid peptide from cerebrospinal fluid of patients with cerebrovascular bleedings.

The hemorphins are peptides with opioid activity, which are enzymatically released from hemoglobin. A decapeptide identical to the sequence 32-41 of the beta-, delta-, gamma- or epsilon-chains of hemoglobin has been isolated from human ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The peptide, designated LVV-hemorphin-7, was recovered in relatively high amounts (115-300 pmol per ml) from samples of patients with cerebrovascular bleedings, but was not detectable in control CSF. Its identity with the hemoglobin fragment was confirmed by mass spectrometry and gas-phase sequencing.     

Hemoglobins, XXVIII. Phosphate-protein-interaction, gene expression and function: the genetic and allosteric control of the oxygen affinity of the fetal blood (author's transl)

This work describes possible molecular mechanisms concerning the control of oxygen affinity in fetal blood of mammalia. There is a genetic control of oxygen affinity through a fetal gene: at constant phosphate concentration (Hb less than P2-glycerate) in humans there is a hemoglobin with only five binding sites to 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate, resulting in an increased oxygen affinity. In several species (sheep, cattle, goat) with Met-Leu as the N-terminal group of the beta-chains, the 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate binding sites are deleted in positions beta 1 and beta 2, so that the regulation is phosphate-independent and thus providing a fetal hemoglobin with an increased oxygen affinity. The allosteric control is observed in pigs. In the postembryonal development "adult" hemoglobin with seven contacts (beta-chains) is demonstrated. The increased oxygen affinity is achieved here by a reduced biosynthesis of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (Hb greater than P2-glycerate) (Rapoport-Luebering-cycle). The functional control is discussed with respect to the ontogeny of the hemoglobins.     

解毒活血汤促进肛周脓肿术后创面愈合的效果分析

目的:研究解毒活血汤治疗肛周脓肿术后患者创面愈合的临床效果及可能机制。方法:选择2017年1月～2019年1月我院肛肠科三病区收治的300例肛周脓肿患者,根据其就诊的顺序,随机数字表法均分为两组,各150例,两组均采取一期肛周脓肿根治术治疗,对照组于术后采用高锰酸钾溶液坐浴疗法,观察组于术后联合服用解毒活血汤治疗。均治疗4 w后,比较两组创面愈合的有效率,肛周脓肿患者创面的愈合时间和视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分,治疗前后肉芽组织中的血红蛋白含量、羟脯氨酸含量、血管内皮生长因子水平以及组织微血管计数。结果:治疗后,观察组创面愈合的总有效率明显高于对照组(90.67 vs. 71.33%,P0.05);观察组肛周脓肿患者创面愈合的时间明显短于对照组(P0.05)。对照组治疗前后的肉芽组织中的血红蛋白含量、羟脯氨酸含量、血管内皮生长因子水平以及组织微血管计数无明显的差异(P0.05),观察组治疗后的肉芽组织中的血红蛋白含量、羟脯氨酸含量、血管内皮生长因子水平以及组织微血管计数明显高于治疗前和对照组(P0.05)。观察组术后3 d、1 w和2 w的VAS评分均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:解毒活血汤可能通过提升肉芽组织中的血红蛋白含量、羟脯氨酸含量、血管内皮生长因子水平以及组织微血管计数有效促进肛周脓肿术后的创面愈合,减轻术后疼痛。