ANAEROBES AS AN INDEX OF FAECAL POLLUTION IN WATER

SUMMARY: Anaerobes were found to be widely distributed in the soil of the catchment area of a city water supply, and it is suggested that many of the anaerobes found in the water are derived from the soil. These organisms do not therefore provide a useful index of faecal pollution of water.     

光合率作为藻类毒理测试指标

以氧电极法的光合率作为藻类毒性测试指标。整个测试过程准确,简便,快速。能够随时测定受试毒物对藻类光合作用的效应,与常规毒性试验比较,测定时间由96h缩短到2h。灵敏度约提高了一倍,Cu~(2 )对光合作用的半数效应浓度(EC_(50))是0.105mg/L,比Cu~(2 )对藻的急性毒性试验的EC_(50)(0.204mg/L)少了一倍。     

THE CYTOCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF NITRO BLUE TETRAZOLIUM AS AN INDEX OF POLLEN VIABILITY

A new technique for estimating pollen viability utilizing Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (Nitro-BT) is given. Pollen of 16 taxa was studied and scored for stainability. A comparison was made between Nitro-BT-stained pollen samples and aniline-blue-lactophenol-stained samples, because the validity of the latter stain has been questioned in recent years. It is demonstrated that Nitro-BT can discriminate between pollens which have a capacity for oxidative metabolism, representing potential viability, and those which do not. Suggestions for pollen stainability studies are given.     

乐安江沉积物中金属污染的潜在生态风险评价

选择污染严重的乐安江河流沉积物为对象,利用风险因子Ｅ和风险指数ＲＩ等定量诊断工具开展沉积物中重金属污染的潜在生态风险评价。根据风险指标体系和空间分异规律,将流域划分居不同特征的４种生态风险功能区。对比评价效果。潜在生态风险评价与地积累 情况大同小异,可以相互补充和借鉴。     

PETROLEUM OIL FRACTIONS AS PLANT SPRAY MATERIALS THE EFFECT OF REFINING AN OIL UPON ITS DEGREE OF PHYTOTOXICITY

Data are presented showing the effect of degree of refining upon the specific gravity, viscosity, unsulphonatable mineral residue (U.R.), refractive index, average molecular weight, group analysis, sulphur content and phototoxicity of two spindle oil distillates in the boiling range 300–390° C.
Cucumber plants proved very suitable for demonstrating differences in phyto-toxic properties of the oils.
Spindle oils refined to a U.R. of 82 or higher, and a specific gravity of 0.885 or lower, showed no phytotoxicity in the tests on these plants. A fair agreement was found between the results of these tests and the specifications laid down by Dr H. Martin for spray oils.