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1.
Toyohito Tanaka Akiko Inomata 《Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology》2016,107(4-5):195-205
Female mice were exposed maternally to piperonyl butoxide (PBO) through diet to provide levels of 0 (control), 0.015, 0.03, and 0.06% during gestation and lactation periods, and selected reproductive and neurobehavioral parameters were measured in F1 generation. There was no adverse effect of PBO on litter size, litter weight, or sex ratio at birth. The average body weights of offspring showed no significant effects of PBO treatment through the lactation period in both sexes except for the low‐dose group of females on PND 21. With respect to behavioral developmental parameters, swimming direction of female offspring on PND 7 was significantly accelerated in the low‐dose group (p = 0.022). Exploratory behavior examination in male offspring indicated that total distance and movement time shortened significantly in dose‐related manners (p = 0.0138 and 0.00231, respectively), average time of rearing lengthened significantly in a dose‐related manner (p = 0.00814), and the frequencies of mice with urination was increased significantly in a dose‐related manner (p < 0.05). For spontaneous behavior examination, the average time of movement in males and average time of rearing in females showed slightly dose‐related effects in the F1 generation. The dose levels of PBO in the present study produced some adverse effects in neurobehavioral parameters in mice. 相似文献
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Toyohito Tanaka Akio Ogata Akiko Inomata Dai Nakae 《Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology》2013,98(4):334-342
Female mice were exposed maternally to imazalil through diet to provide levels of 0 (control), 0.0006, 0.0018, and 0.0054% during gestation and lactation periods, and selected reproductive and neurobehavioral parameters were measured in F1 generation. There was no adverse effect of imazalil on litter size, litter weight, or sex ratio at birth. With respect to behavioral developmental parameters, surface righting on postnatal day 4 of male offspring was delayed significantly in a dose‐related manner (p < 0.05). Regarding exploratory behavior in the F1 generation, movement time was significantly long (p = 0.0206) in the low‐dose group of males at 8 weeks of age. Spontaneous behavior examination in males indicated that movement time increased but in females decreased in the low‐dose groups in the F1 generation. The dose levels of imazalil in the present study produced some adverse effects in neurobehavioral parameters in mice. 相似文献
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Toyohito Tanaka 《Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology》2012,95(2):151-159
Clothianidin was given in the diet to provide levels of 0% (control), 0.003%, 0.006%, and 0.012% from 5 weeks of age of the F0 generation to 11 weeks of age of the F1 generation in mice. Selected reproductive and neurobehavioral parameters were measured. In exploratory behavior in the F0 generation, average time of movement, number of rearing, and rearing time of adult males increased significantly in a dose‐related manner. There was no adverse effect of clothianidin on litter size, litter weight, or sex ratio at birth. The average body weight of male and female offspring was increased significantly in a dose‐related manner during the early lactation period. With respect to behavioral developmental parameters, swimming head angle at postnatal day (PND) 7 of male offspring was accelerated significantly in a dose‐related manner. Negative geotaxis at PND 7 of female offspring was accelerated significantly in a dose‐related manner. For movement activity of exploratory behavior in the F1 generation, number of rearing of female offspring increased significantly in a dose‐related manner. Movement time of adult males increased significantly in a dose‐related manner. The dose levels of clothianidin in the present study produced several adverse effects in neurobehavioral parameters in mice. Nevertheless, it would appear that the levels of the actual dietary intake of clothianidin are unlikely to produce adverse effects in humans. 相似文献
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Toyohito Tanaka Osamu Takahashi Akiko Inomata Akio Ogata Dai Nakae 《Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology》2012,95(6):395-409
Brilliant blue FCF of food color was given in the diets of mice at levels of 0% (control), 0.08, 0.24, and 0.72% from 5 weeks of age in the F0 generation and continuing to 11 weeks of age in the F1 generation and selected reproductive and neurobehavioral parameters were measured. Mice were mated at 9 weeks of age and dams were delivered offspring at 12 weeks of age. Offspring were weaned at 4 weeks of age. Regarding exploratory behavior at 8 weeks of age in the F0 generation, movement time (sec) displayed a significant tendency to be increased and the average time of rearing (sec) displayed a significant tendency to be decreased in females in the treatment groups in a trend test (p = 0.019 and 0.027, respectively). In the F1 generation, the development of surface righting at postnatal day 4 was delayed significantly in the high‐dose group (0.72%) in male and female offspring, and those effects were significantly related to dose in a trend test (p< 0.01 for both). Regarding exploratory behavior at 8 weeks of age in the F1 generation, the number of horizontal activities exhibited a significant tendency to be decreased in females in the treatment groups in a trend test (p = 0.015). Regarding spontaneous behavior, average time of movement (sec) was significantly accelerated in females in the high‐dose group. The dose levels of brilliant blue FCF used in the present study produced a few significant effects on neurobehavioral parameters in multiple generations in mice. 相似文献
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Toyohito Tanaka Akio Ogata Akiko Inomata Dai Nakae 《Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology》2014,101(5):393-401
Male and female mice were housed in cages, containing different types of bedding materials (wood flakes or pulp chips), from 4 weeks of age in the F0 generation to 11 weeks of age in the F1 generation; selected reproductive and neurobehavioral parameters were measured in the F1 generation. There were no adverse effects of bedding materials on litter size, litter weight, or sex ratios at the time of birth. With regard to behavioral development parameters, bedding materials did not influence any variables (p > 0.05) in both sexes. Regarding exploratory behavior in the F1 generation, number of defecations significantly varied (p = 0.0203) with bedding materials in males at 3 weeks of age. The number of horizontal activities also significantly varied (p = 0.0342) with bedding materials in males at 8 weeks of age. Multiple‐T water maze performance data indicated that the time required was significantly shortened across trials in pulp chips group than wood flakes group in males (p = 0.0211). Moreover, all spontaneous behavior variables in males significantly varied with bedding materials, particularly the average time of movement was significantly different (p = 0.0037) in distance between parallel lines of types of bedding materials in the F1 generation. The present study shows that bedding materials influence the neurobehavioral development in mice 相似文献
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Dongsun Park Sunghyun Kim Hyomin Kang Jiyoung Oh Ja Young Jang Sunhee Shin Tae Kyun Kim Young Jin Choi Sun Hee Lee Ki-Yon Kim Seong Soo Joo Yun-Bae Kim 《Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology》2009,86(5):402-408
BACKGROUND: Cyclophosphamide induces fetal defects through metabolic activation by cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases (CYP). The effects of piperonyl butoxide (PBO), a CYP inhibitor, on the fetal development and external, visceral, and skeletal abnormalities induced by cyclophosphamide were investigated in rats. METHODS: Pregnant rats were daily administered PBO (400 mg/kg) by gavage for 7 days (the 6th to 12th day of gestation), and intraperitoneally administered with cyclophosphamide (12 mg/kg) 4 h after the final treatment. On the 20th day of gestation, maternal and fetal abnormalities were determined by Cesarean section. RESULTS: Cyclophosphamide reduced fetal body weights by 30–40% without increasing resorption or death. In addition, it induced malformations in live fetuses: 100, 98, and 98.2% of the external (head and limb defects), visceral (cerebroventricular dilatation, cleft palate, and renal pelvic/ureteric dilatation), and skeletal (acrania, vertebral/costal malformations, and delayed ossification) abnormalities, respectively. The pre-treatment of PBO greatly decreased mRNA expression and activity of hepatic CYP2B, which metabolizes cyclophosphamide into teratogenic acrolein and cytotoxic phosphoramide mustard. Moreover, PBO remarkably attenuated cyclophosphamide-induced body weight loss and abnormalities of fetuses; score 3.57 versus 1.87 for exencephaly, 75.5% versus 42.5% for limb defects, 65.3% versus 22% for cerebroventricular dilatation, 59.2% versus 5.1% for cleft palate, score 1.28 versus 0.93 for renal pelvic/ureteric dilatation, 71.9–82.5% versus 23–45.9% for vertebral/costal malformations, and 84.2% versus 57.4% for delayed ossification in cyclophosphamide alone and PBO co-administration groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that repeated treatment with PBO may improve cyclophosphamide-induced body weight loss and malformations of fetuses by down-regulating CYP2B. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 86:402–408, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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《Current biology : CB》2021,31(23):5341-5349.e4
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ANNE M. OYER NANCY E. MATHEWS LESA H. SKULDT 《The Journal of wildlife management》2007,71(5):1635-1638
Abstract: Chronic wasting disease is a fatal, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy found among cervids. Spread of the disease across the landscape is believed to result from movements (dispersal, exploratory, transient, or migratory) of infected deer, serving as the vectors for the disease. We document an unusual long-distance movement of a young female, out of the chronic wasting disease eradication zone in south-central Wisconsin. This type of movement could function as a rapid, long-distance dispersing mechanism for the disease only if the following conditions are met: the deer is infected and shedding prions, the deer directly contacts other deer and transmits secretions carrying an infectious dose of prions, or an infectious dose of prions is transmitted to the environment and taken up by other deer. Despite lower prevalence rates of chronic wasting disease among young deer, we believe managers should not dismiss deer making long-distance movements such as we report, as they could serve as potential long-distance vectors of the disease. 相似文献
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Bastijn J.G. van den Boom Adriana H. Mooij Ieva Misevi
i t&#x; Damiaan Denys Ingo Willuhn 《Genes, Brain & Behavior》2019,18(4)
Obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by obsessive thinking, compulsive behavior and anxiety, and is often accompanied by cognitive deficits. The neuropathology of OCD involves dysregulation of cortical‐striatal circuits. Similar to OCD patients, SAPAP3 knockout mice 3 (SAPAP3?/?) exhibit compulsive behavior (grooming), anxiety and dysregulated cortical‐striatal function. However, it is unknown whether SAPAP3?/? display cognitive deficits and how these different behavioral traits relate to one another. SAPAP3?/? and wild‐type (WT) littermates were trained in a Pavlovian conditioning task pairing visual cues with the delivery of sucrose solution. After mice learned to discriminate between a reward‐predicting conditioned stimulus (CS+) and a non‐reward stimulus (CS?), contingencies were reversed (CS+ became CS? and vice versa). Additionally, we assessed grooming, anxiety and general activity. SAPAP3?/? acquired Pavlovian approach behavior similarly to WT, albeit less vigorously and with a different strategy. However, unlike WT, SAPAP3?/? were unable to adapt their behavior after contingency reversal, exemplified by a lack of re‐establishing CS+ approach behavior (sign tracking). Surprisingly, such behavioral inflexibility, decreased vigor, compulsive grooming and anxiety were unrelated. This study shows that SAPAP3?/? are capable of Pavlovian learning, but lack flexibility to adapt associated conditioned approach behavior. Thus, SAPAP3?/? not only display compulsive‐like behavior and anxiety, but also cognitive deficits, confirming and extending the validity of SAPAP3?/? as a suitable model for the study of OCD. The observation that compulsive‐like behavior, anxiety and behavioral inflexibility were unrelated suggests a non‐causal relationship between these traits and may be of clinical relevance for the treatment of OCD. 相似文献
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Female‐emitted pheromonal inputs possess an intrinsic rewarding value for conspecific males, promoting approach and investigation of the potential mating partner. In mice these inputs are detected mainly by the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and the main olfactory epithelium (MOE). We investigated the role of VNO‐mediated inputs in experience‐dependent plasticity of reproductive responses. We applied a sex‐specific conditioned odor aversion (COA) paradigm on adult, wild‐type (WT) male mice and on male mice impaired in VNO‐mediated signal transduction (TrpC2?/?). We found that WT males, which underwent COA to female‐soiled bedding, lost their innate preference to female odors and presented lower motivation to approach a sexually receptive female. COA also abolished the testosterone surge normally seen following exposure to female odors. Moreover, the conditioned males displayed impairments in copulatory behaviors, which lasted for several weeks. Surprisingly, these males also exhibited phobic behaviors towards receptive females, including freezing and fleeing responses. In contrast, WT males which underwent COA specifically to male pheromones showed no change in olfactory preference and only a marginally significant elevation in intermale aggression. Finally, we show that TrpC2?/? males were able to acquire aversion to female‐soiled bedding and presented similar behavioral alterations following COA in their responses to female cues. Our results demonstrate that the intrinsic rewarding value of female pheromones can be overridden through associative olfactory learning, which occurs independently of VNO inputs, probably through MOE signaling. 相似文献
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短时高温对烟蚜生长发育、繁殖和取食行为的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】烟蚜Myzus persicae是一种世界性的重要农业害虫,本研究测定了短时高温对烟蚜生长发育、繁殖和取食行为的影响。【方法】测定初产若蚜每天在30, 35和40℃下处理1, 2和4 h的发育历期及成蚜在相同处理下的繁殖力,应用刺吸电位技术（electronic penetration graph, EPG）测定成蚜在30和35℃下处理1和2 h后以及在25, 28, 30和35℃恒温下的取食行为。【结果】短时高温（30~35℃）对各龄若蚜发育历期影响较小,但40℃下处理2 h后其发育历期显著增加（P<0.05）;若蚜存活率、成蚜寿命及其繁殖历期随温度和处理时间的增加而降低;在25~35℃下,随温度和处理时间的增加,成蚜繁殖率变化较小,但40℃下处理2和4 h后,其繁殖率显著降低（P< 0.01）;短时高温对烟蚜的取食行为影响显著,随温度和处理时间的增加,非刺探波np数量（P<0.05）及其持续时间（P<0.01）显著减少,而韧皮部刺吸波E持续时间显著增加（P<0.05）;但持续高温下,随温度升高,np波数量及其持续时间先减少后增加,而E波则相反。【结论】短时高温对烟蚜若蚜发育速率影响较小,但使若蚜存活率、成蚜寿命及其繁殖历期显著降低,且对成蚜繁殖有一定的抑制作用,而对成蚜的取食有一定的促进作用。研究结果有助于了解烟蚜不同年份间夏季种群数量的变化机制。 相似文献
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Nilofer Husain Qiang Yuan Yi‐Chun Yen Olga Pletnikova Dong Qianying Sally Paul Worley Zoë Bichler H. Shawn Je 《Aging cell》2017,16(2):281-292
Multiple loss‐of‐function mutations in TRIAD3 (a.k.a. RNF216) have recently been identified in patients suffering from Gordon Holmes syndrome (GHS), characterized by cognitive decline, dementia, and movement disorders. TRIAD3A is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that recognizes and facilitates the ubiquitination of its target for degradation by the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS). Here, we demonstrate that two of these missense substitutions in TRIAD3 (R660C and R694C) could not regulate the degradation of their neuronal target, activity‐regulated cytoskeletal‐associated protein (Arc/Arg 3.1), whose expression is critical for synaptic plasticity and memory. The synaptic deficits due to the loss of endogenous TRIAD3A could not be rescued by TRIAD3A harboring GHS‐associated missense mutations. Moreover, we demonstrate that the loss of endogenous TRIAD3A in the mouse hippocampal CA1 region led to deficits in spatial learning and memory. Finally, we show that these missense mutations abolished the interaction of TRIAD3A with Arc, disrupting Arc ubiquitination, and consequently Arc degradation. Our current findings of Arc misregulation by TRIAD3A variants suggest that loss‐of‐function mutations in TRIAD3A may contribute to dementia observed in patients with GHS driven by dysfunctional UPS components, leading to cognitive impairments through the synaptic protein Arc. 相似文献
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