罗马尼亚Moesian地台Dabuleni地区H20钻井始新世沟鞭藻新种

罗马尼亚Dabuleni地区钻井岩芯的孢粉学研究揭露了一些丰富的微体浮游植物组合。根据孢粉学资料确定为始新世Bartonian-Priabonian期的地层产有丰富的沟鞭藻组合,包含Areosphaeridium dikryoplokus,Enneadocysta multicormuta,Batiacasphaera compta,Deflandrea phosphoritica.D.leplodermata,Hystrichokolpoma cinctum,Impagidinium maculatum.I.sp.,Palaeocystodinium golzowense,Rhombodinium rhomboideum,Samlandia chlamydophora,Spiniferites ramosus,Thalassiphora pelagica 和Wilsonidium compactum等。文中描述Bartonian-Proabonian期的沟鞭藻-新届两新种：Chateauneufacysta moesica gen.et sp.nov.和Rhombodinium antonescui sp.nov.     

First fossil fruits of Elaeocarpus (Elaeocarpaceae) in East Asia: Implications for phytogeography and paleoecology

The genus Elaeocarpus contains approximately 360 species and occurs in mesic forest communities from India, through to China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, and New Caledonia. Elaeocarpus fossils are best known from the Eocene to the Miocene of Australia and the late Pliocene–early Pleistocene of India, but have not been documented from East Asia before. Here we describe six new species of Elaeocarpus, E. nanningensis sp. nov. from the late Oligocene Yongning Formation of the Nanning Basin, E. presikkimensis sp. nov. from the Miocene Erzitang Formation of the Guiping Basin, E. prerugosus sp. nov., E. prelacunosus sp. nov., E. preserratus sp. nov., and E. preprunifolioides sp. nov. from the late Miocene Foluo Formation of the Nankang Basin in Guangxi, South China. This is the first reliable report for the genus occurring in East Asia, and the fossils indicate that Elaeocarpus had colonized this region by the late Oligocene and represented by a morphologically diverse group of species by the late Miocene. This sheds new insights into the timing and migration patterns of the genus in East Asia. Elaeocarpus is typically a rainforest genus occurring in mesic forests. Based on the habitat of their morphologically similar modern relatives we propose that these three sedimentary basins were warm and wet adjacent to mountainous regions with the evergreen or rain forests during the late Oligocene to Miocene.     

Lunnomidinium scaniense Lindström, gen. et sp. nov., a new suessiacean dinoflagellate cyst from the Rhaetian of Scania, southern Sweden

The dinoflagellate cyst Lunnomidinium scaniense gen. et sp. nov. is present in the lower part of a thin sequence of Rhaetian sedimentary rocks exposed in the Lunnom Coal and Clay Pit in NW Scania, southern Sweden. It occurs in diverse, Rhaetian palynomorph assemblages, dominated by spores and pollen, but with rare specimens of the dinoflagellate cysts Rhaetogonyaulax rhaetica (Sarjeant) Loeblich and Loeblich 1968, Shublikodinium sp. and Beaumontella? caminuspina (Wall) Below 1987. Lunnomidinium scaniense is characterized by an epicystal {tAtItP} archeopyle, a large number of paraplates arranged in seven or eight latitudinal series, and intratabular ornamentation in some but not all of the paraplate series. Thus, L. scaniense is assignable to the family Suessiaceae. Lunnomidinium scaniense can be subdivided into two different morphological varieties, based on the autophragm ornamentation and cyst size.     

Chlorophycean algae from the Triassic of Australia

Among living green algae assigned to the order Chlorococcales and order Zygnematales certain species develop resistant outer organic walls and/or cysts during their life cycles; as such they have the potential to become fossils. Based on morphology, comparison between living algae and microfossil remains are made with varying degrees of confidence, and a possible evolutionary pathway for certain chlorococcalean coenobial families is suggested. Twelve genera are reviewed from earliest to latest Triassic palynological assemblages from northwestern Australia; and the following taxa are described as new: Plaesiodictyon mosellanum ssp. symmetricum ssp. nov.; Plaesiodictyon mosellanum ssp. variabile ssp. nov.; Plaesiodictyon decussatus sp. nov.; Plaesiodictyon decussatus ssp. decussatus ssp. nov.; Plaesiodictyon decussatus ssp. tetracornuta ssp. nov.; Tetraporina protrusa sp. nov.; Crucigeniella? torques sp. nov.; and Paleoraphidia akestra gen. et sp. nov. (type). Their suggested natural affinities are useful in palaeoenvironmental interpretations of mostly freshwater or low-salinity habitats.     

Four new species of Desmosomatidae Sars, 1897 (Crustacea: Isopoda) from the deep sea of the Angola Basin

From a total of 104 species and 1741 individuals of Isopoda, the material from DIVA-1 (DIVersity of the Atlantic benthos) contained 364 specimens belonging to Desmosomatidae Sars, 1897. They are represented by 10 genera and 27 species. Most species (93%) are new to science. Four species are described in this study (Eugerdella theodori sp. nov., Desmosoma renatae sp. nov., Torwolia tinbiene sp. nov. and Momedossa longipedis sp. nov.). A discussion of the genera Desmosoma Sars, 1864, Momedossa Hessler, 1970 and Torwolia Hessler, 1970 is presented.     

New Eocene dinoflagellate cysts from the southern edge of the Junggar Basin,Xinjiang, China

The Anjihaihe Formation in the southern edge of the Junggar Basin was previously considered a series of freshwater lacustrine depositions. However, abundant marine dinoflagellate cysts were recently recovered from the middle to upper part of the middle member of the formation. Two new genera, six new species and one new subspecies among the abundant dinoflagellate cysts are described and illustrated, i.e. Circulodinium? laeve sp. nov., Kaiwaradinium abbreviatum sp. nov., Spiniferites adnatus subsp. latispinus subsp. nov., Oligosphaeropsis accreta gen. et. sp. nov., Oligosphaeropsis complex gen. et. sp. nov., Oligosphaeropsis megaprocessa gen. et. sp. nov. and Tianshandinium biconicum gen. et. sp. nov. They are rare to common constituents of the dinoflagellate assemblage in the Anjihaihe Formation and may prove useful for regional biostratigraphic correlation and palaeoenvironment re-establishment.     

南海北部大陆架琼东南盆地西南部新近纪沟鞭藻类

首次报道的低纬度晚第三纪(新近纪)丰富多样的海相沟鞭藻类,产自南海北部大陆架琼东南盆地西南部的两钻孔(主要是Ya2112井,少量为Ya2111井),经鉴定达40余种。文中仅对其中的31种4亚种进行了照相和对15种2亚种和1新种(Impletosphaeridiumcapillaresp.nov.)在我国进行了首次描述;在新近系建立2个沟鞭藻组合:即Hystrichosphaeropsisobscura组合(下部)和ReticulatosphaeraactinocoronataPolysphaeridiumzoharyi组合(上部),并讨论了它们的组合特征及其地质时代,认为其下部的组合时代为中新世,上部的组合时代为上新世。     

A new coral‐associated decapod assemblage from the Upper Miocene (Messinian) Upper Coralline Limestone of Malta (Central Mediterranean)

Abstract: A rich coral‐associated decapod assemblage is recorded from the ‘Depiru Beds’ of the upper part of the Upper Coralline Limestone (Messinian, Upper Miocene), from the island of Malta. Nineteen species within 17 genera have been discovered, where 14 genera are new for Malta. Four new species are described, namely Micippa annamariae sp. nov., Pilumnus scaber sp. nov., Panopeus muelleri sp. nov. and Herbstia melitense sp. nov. Herbstia melitense sp. nov. constitutes the first record of the genus from the fossil record in the Mediterranean region. This discovery more than doubles the number of known fossil decapod species from Malta. The fossil bivalve Jouannetia (J.) semicaudata Des Moulins, 1830 and the extant decapod Maja goltziana D’Oliveira, 1888, are also recorded for the first time from Malta. Other Neogene coral‐associated decapod assemblages are investigated and correlated with the new assemblage from Malta. The migration of taxa between the Mediterranean region and the Paratethys, particularly during the Lower Badenian (Langhian), is evidenced by the strong affinity of the Maltese decapod assemblage with that of the Middle Miocene Badenian assemblages from Hungary, Poland and Ukraine. Upper Miocene, Messinian assemblages from Spain, Algeria and Morocco are also similar to that from Malta.     

A Middle Miocene endemic freshwater mollusc assemblage from an intramontane Alpine lake (Aflenz Basin,Eastern Alps,Austria)

The mollusc fauna of the early Middle Miocene (Langhian) intramontane Alpine Lake Groisenbach is described for the first time. The shells derive from the Feistring Formation in the Aflenz Basin in Austria, which was covered by Lake Groisenbach. The assemblage is moderately diverse with 12 gastropod and 2 bivalve species, suggesting shallow lacustrine and fluvial settings. Among the gastropods, only Theodoxus crenulatus (Klein, 1853) is known from other Miocene localities, whilst all other species are documented so far only from Lake Groisenbach. None of the Early and Middle Miocene lake systems of the Alpine-Carpathian Foredeep and the Balkan Peninsula displays any faunistic resemblance with this new fauna. Even coeval lake faunas from the close-by Graz Basin have no species in common with Lake Groisenbach. This pattern points to a surprising endemicity and biogeographic fragmentation in the Central European freshwater systems during the Early and Middle Miocene. The uniqueness of the newly described fauna is also indicated by the completely erratic occurrence of the otherwise African-Mediterranean genus Bulinus, which is unknown from all other central European Miocene freshwater systems. Emmericia roetzeli Harzhauser and Neubauer nov. sp., Nematurella zuschini Neubauer and Harzhauser nov. sp., Romania fastigata Neubauer and Harzhauser nov. sp., Odontohydrobia groisenbachensis Neubauer and Harzhauser nov. sp., Odontohydrobia pompatica Neubauer and Harzhauser nov. sp., Odontohydrobia styriaca Harzhauser and Neubauer nov. sp., Planorbis austroalpinus Harzhauser and Neubauer nov. sp., Gyraulus sachsenhoferi Harzhauser and Neubauer nov. sp., Bulinus corici Harzhauser and Neubauer nov. sp., Ferrissia crenellata Harzhauser and Neubauer nov. sp. and Stagnicola reinholdkunzi Harzhauser and Neubauer nov. sp. are introduced as new species.     

High diversity dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from the Late Triassic of southern England: new information on early dinoflagellate evolution and palaeogeography

Abundant and diverse dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from the Rhaetian of southern England are characterized by the occurrence of a new species of Rhaetogonyaulax, some undescribed taxa and numerous forms with Arctic and Australasian affinities. The dinoflagellate cyst assemblages permit a discussion of the palaeogeographic distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in the Late Triassic. The hypothesis on a Late Triassic migration event of organic walled microplankton from higher latitudes to the Boreal domain is presented.     

Early Miocene reef- and mudflat-associated gastropods from Makran (SE-Iran)

A new gastropod fauna of Burdigalian (early Miocene) age is described from the Iranian part of Makran. The fauna comprises 19 species and represents three distinct assemblages from turbid water coral reef, shallow subtidal soft-bottom and mangrove-fringed mudflat environments in the northern Indian Ocean. Especially the reef-associated assemblage comprises largely new species. This is explained by the rare occurrence of reefs along the northern margin of the Miocene Indian Ocean and the low number of scientific studies dealing with the region. In terms of paleobiogeography, the fauna corresponds well to coeval faunas from the Pakistani Balochistan and Sindh provinces and the Indian Kathiawar, Kutch and Kerala provinces. During the early Miocene, these constituted a discrete biogeographic unit, the Western Indian Province, which documents the near complete biogeographic isolation from the Proto-Mediterranean Sea. Some mudflat taxa might represent examples of vicariance following the Tethys closure. The fauna also displays little connection with coeval faunas from Indonesia, documenting a strong provincialism within the Indo-West Pacific Region during early Miocene times. Neritopsis gedrosiana sp. nov., Calliostoma irerense sp. nov., Calliostoma mohtatae sp. nov. and Trivellona makranica sp. nov. are described as new species.     

Lower Cretaceous dinoflagellate cyst and acritarch stratigraphy of the Cismon APTICORE (Southern Alps, Italy)

A pelagic sedimentary succession, virtually complete from the Upper Hauterivian to the Upper Aptian and unconformably overlain by the Middle-Upper Albian p.p., was continuously cored in the Belluno Basin (southern Alps, NE Italy) as part of the APTICORE Program. APTICORE at Cismon Valley penetrated 131.8m of limestones, marls and black shales, with 100% recovery of good quality cored material.One hundred and forty-six samples recovered from the marl and shale beds of the Cismon core were processed and analyzed for palynomorphs. Most of them yielded relatively rich and fairly well preserved assemblages of marine and terrestrially-derived palynomorphs.The results of a qualitative study of dinoflagellate cysts and acritarchs are presented and discussed. The distributions of 150 taxa are tabulated against the chronostratigraphy independently established on the basis of original litho-, bio-, chemo-, magnetostratigraphic investigations and of correlations with extensively studied sections outcropping in the vicinity of the Cismon drill site.The acritarch Pinocchiodinium erbae gen. et sp. nov. is described. Due to its distinctive morphology and extremely constant occurrence also in the black shales of the Selli Level, it is proposed as a marker species for the Aptian sediments of the Tethys.The dinoflagellate cysts Kallosphaeridium dolomiticum sp. nov. and Nexosispinum hesperus brevispinosum subsp. nov. are described from the Upper Hauterivian. Additional taxonomic remarks are made about other dinoflagellate cyst species, including the emendations of Tanyosphaeridium magneticum Davies 1983 and Bourkidinium granulatum Morgan 1975.The biostratigraphic value of selected taxa is discussed and compared with data known both from the Tethyan and Boreal realms. In particular, the extinction of Bourkidinium granulatum emend. is proposed as the best dinoflagellate cyst event for the delimitation of the Hauterivian-Barremian boundary in the Northern Hemisphere. The first appearance datums of Prolixosphaeridium parvispinum and Odontochitina operculata, and the slightly younger last appearance datum of Nexosispinum vetusculum are confirmed as useful biohorizons for recognition of the lower part of the Upper Barremian and hence for the approximation of the Lower-Upper Barremian boundary. The last occurrences of Rhynchodiniopsis aptiana and Phoberocysta neocomica are calibrated in the basal Aptian.     

Blastodinium galatheanum sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) a parasite of the planktonic copepod Acartia negligens (Crustacea,Calanoida) in the central Atlantic Ocean

A new dinoflagellate species, Blastodinium galatheanum sp. nov., was found parasitizing the planktonic copepods Acartia negligens and Acartia sp. in the Atlantic Ocean between the Azores and the Cape Verde Islands. These copepods have not previously been reported hosting a Blastodinium species. Characters that distinguish the new species are the shape and size of the trophic stage, its host species, and its predominantly solitary existence. Dinospores of Blastodinium galatheanum sp. nov. are peridinioid in nature and morphologically indistinguishable from dinospores of two other previously investigated Blastodinium species. SSU rRNA gene sequences from two isolates of this new species were almost identical and showed similarities to SSU rRNA sequences of other species of Blastodinium. A phylogenetic analysis based on SSU rRNA gene sequences suggested monophyly for all existing sequences of Blastodinium spp., including a sequence from the type species B. pruvoti, presented here for the first time.     

ISLANDINIUM BREVISPINOSUM SP. NOV. (DINOFLAGELLATA), A NEW ORGANIC‐WALLED DINOFLAGELLATE CYST FROM MODERN ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS OF NEW ENGLAND (USA)1

Modern estuarine environments remain underexplored for dinoflagellate cysts, despite a rapidly increasing knowledge of cyst distributions in open marine sediments. A study of modern estuarine sediments in New England has revealed the presence of Islandinium brevispinosum sp. nov., a new organic‐walled dinoflagellate cyst that is locally common and probably of heterotrophic affinity. Resistance of this cyst to standard palynological processing indicates its geological preservability, although fossils are not yet known. Previously assigned species of the genus Islandinium are characteristic of polar and subpolar environments today and cold paleoenvironments in the Quaternary. The present record of I. brevispinosum extends the ecological and geographical range of this genus into the warm temperate zone, where I. brevispinosum occupies specific environments with reduced salinities and elevated nutrient levels.     

中国韧革菌(Ⅲ)

本文报道中国韧革菌科(Stereaceae Pilat)真菌17种,隶属于柄革菌属(Stereopsis Reid)。韧革菌属(Stereum Hill:Persoon)和刷革菌属(Xylobolus Karsten)。其中有3个新种,1个新组合种和2个新记录种,它们是:厚盖柄革菌(Stereopsis crassipileata Z.T.Guo,sp.nov.)、细柄柄革菌(S.gracilistipitata Z.T.Guo,sp.nov.),假杯柄革菌(S.pseudocupulata Z.T.Guo,sp。nov.)、掌状柄革菌(S.craspedia(Fr.)Z.T.Guo,comb.nov.)、瓣裂柄革菌(S.hiscens(Berk. & Rav.)Reid)和蛋黄柄革菌(S.uitellina(Plowr.)Reid)。标本全部保藏于中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室(HMAS)。     

Callovian (Middle Jurassic) marine microplankton from southwestern Germany: Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental interpretations

Late Middle Jurassic dinoflagellate cyst assemblages are documented from a section in Kandern and in samples from additional localities in southern Germany. The changes in the composition of the marine microfloras through the Callovian sections are related to fluctuations in sea-levels and changes in depositional environments. The Lower Callovian claystones, which represent inner shelf, soft bottom deposits, contain rich, diverse and well preserved dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. In the Kandern section a marked transition from the Lower Callovian claystone facies to the Anceps-oolite occur within the Calloviense zone. This transition was caused by a regression, and coincides with the LZA−3.1/LAZ−3.2 boundary on the cycle chart of Haq et al. (1987). Diverse dinoflagellate cyst assemblages also occur in the Anceps-oolite, but they are not so abundant as the acritarchs which dominate the overall palynofloras. The Anceps-oolite is interpreted as representing an offshore, but shallow marine environment. The transition to the overlying Upper Callovian “Renggeri Clay” is more gradual, but accompanied by marked changes in the overall composition of the marine microfloras. The “Renggeri Clay”, which represent an outer shelf, soft bottom depositional environment, shows a higher species diversity and abundance of dinoflagellate cysts than the underlying sequences. The distribution pattern of selected species through the Kandern section indicates that some species were related to specific environments, i.e. open marine forms, and that others could have been opportunistic forms, tolerating more shallow marine environments.

The distribution of the dinoflagellate cysts from southern Germany is related to the standard Northwest European ammonite zonation. The ranges of selected biostratigraphic key species are compared with ranges previously reported from the British and northwest European Jurassic. There are several discrepancies with respect to the earliest appearance and extinction datums, the only relevant Callovian palynostratigraphic “events” coinciding in southern Germany and Britain being: The extinction of Aldorfia aldorfensis at the top of the Calloviense zone, and the earliest incoming of Belodinium spp. and Liesbergia scarburghensis at the base of the Lamberti zone.     

中国江西爱氏霉属三个新种

对江西省植物凋落物上的暗色丝孢真菌进行了调查研究,自植物枯枝上发现爱氏霉属3个新种——江西爱氏霉、井冈山爱氏霉和庐山爱氏霉,根据采集材料对其进行了详细的形态描述和显微拍照。爱氏霉属迄今已报道69个种。该属广布全球,多数种腐生于植物凋落物或沉水腐木上,未见作为植物病原菌引起植物病害的报道。