Reduction of Tetrardisia to Ardisia

Larsen, K. & Hu, C. M. 1995. Reduction of Tetrardisia to Ardisia . - Nord. J. Bot. 15: 161–162. Copenhagen. ISSN 0107–055X.
The genus Tetrardisia Mez is reduced to Ardisia Sw. subgenus Tetrardisia subgen. nov. including four species. A key to the species is provided.     

中国和越南紫金牛科植物新种及混淆种类的澄清

在编写《柬埔寨、老挝、越南植物志》紫金牛科的过程中,作者对我国紫鑫牛科植物也作了进一步的检查和整理,共发现Ardisia waitakii,A. linangensis,A. malipoensis, A. crassirhiza, Maesa consanguinea var. confusa 等5个新类群,归并了Ardisia elegantissima Leveille, A. glanea Mez,A. corgmbifera var. tuberifera C. Chen, A. kwangtungensis Walker和 Maesa prodigiosa C. Chen,同时澄清了部分长期混淆或被错误鉴定的种类。     

广西紫金牛属野生观赏植物的综合评价

利用层次分析法,综合观赏价值、资源开发潜力、生物学特性三大约束因素共14个指标,对分布于广西的29种紫金牛属野生观赏植物进行综合评价。结果表明:按照开发利用价值的高低,可将29个种(变种)根据轻重缓急划分为4个等级,其中:Ⅰ级:开发利用价值高的种类,5个;Ⅱ级:开发利用价值较高的种类,9个;Ⅲ级:开发利用价值一般的种类,9个;Ⅳ级:开发利用价值较低的种类,6个。研究结果将为科学、合理地开发利用广西紫金牛属野生观赏植物资源提供决策依据。     

缅甸紫金牛属新记录

报道了缅甸克钦邦分布的报春花科(Primulaceae)紫金牛属(Ardisia Swtarz)的3 新记录种:伞形紫金牛(Ardisia corymbifera Mez)、珍珠伞(Ardisia maculosa Mez)和Ardisia interjacens C. M. Hu & J. E. Vidal。     

Reduction of the genus Parardisia (Myrsinaceae)

The genus Parardisia is shown to be synonymous with the large pantropical genus Ardisia . The species on which Parardisia was based, A. involucrata , should therefore retain that original name. The only other species assigned to Parardisia, P. gamblei , is reduced to synonymy with Ardisia moultonii; both were described (and still known only) from Sarawak. The first species retains its position in Ardisia subgenus Tinus , while the latter belongs in subgenus Tinopsis .     

中国紫金牛属圆齿组花粉形态研究及其分类学意义

利用扫描电子显微镜对紫金牛属圆齿组20种1变种植物的花粉形态进行了研究,并比较分析了腋序组2种及锯齿组1种的花粉。经观察花粉为近球形或近扁球形,具3孔沟,除锯齿组的月月红外,其余种均形成合沟。外壁纹饰可分为四类:穴网状、细网状、皱波状及细颗粒状(带刺突)。结果显示,花粉形态特征可作为属下分组及组下分类处理的依据。     

广西木荷林的分类和演替

木荷（ＳｃｈｉｍａｓｕｐｅｒｂａＧａｒｄｎ．ｅｔＣｈａｍｐ．）林是原来的常绿阔叶林遭受破坏以后,在保护较好的情况下,从演替系列群落顺向演替恢复为常绿阔叶林的一个早期类型。本文对广西木荷林进行分类,划分和论述７个群丛的种类组成特点和演替方向,可供进一步研究和规划退化生态系统的恢复和重建参考     

广东植物分布新记录

报道广东植物分布新记录9种：毛杆蕨、棒花风仙、海南地黄连、线状紫金牛、纽子果、长苞蓝、簇花球子草、光叶球穗山姜和黄花羊耳蒜。其中毛杆蕨属和长苞蓝属为广东新记录属。     

Rediscovery of Ardisia gigantifolia and the reinstatement of A. kteniophylla (Primulaceae) – finding the correct name for the Chinese medicinal plant ’Zou Ma Tai’

With the rediscovery of Ardisia gigantifolia, the long‐standing confusion with A. pseudoverticillata, A. kteniophylla and A. dasyrhizomatica owing to the misinterpretation of the type of A. gigantifolia is clarified. It is shown that A. dasyrhizomatica is a later synonym of A. gigantifolia, while A. kteniophylla and A. pseudoverticillata are conspecific and represent another species for which A. kteniophylla is the earliest name available. Ardisia kteniophylla is the correct scientific name for the Chinese medicinal plant ’Zou Ma Tai’.     

Trichome forms in Ardisia (Myrsinaceae) in relation to the bacterial leaf nodule symbiosis

Symbiotic leaf-nodule bacteria in nodulated members of Rubiaceae live in mucilage secreted by colleters located on stipules within buds. These differ from colleters on most nodule-free species. This study was undertaken to examine buds of Ardisia and the related monotypic Amblyanthus of Myrsinaceae to see if nodulated species had secretory structures dissimilar from those of nodule-free species. Buds removed from herbarium specimens (61 species) and live plants (3 species) were paraffin-sectioned. Diverse trichome forms occur, including dimorphism between adaxial and abaxial trichomes in some species. Species within each subgenus were arranged according to trichome form: peltate scale, irregularly capitate, capitate, sessile capitate, bicellular capitate, and uniseriate. Only seven Ardisia species (all in subgenus Crispardisia, widely assumed to have bacteria in marginal leaf nodules of all 30 species) have short-lived trichomes bearing one or more elongate, swollen, distal cells that appear to be secretory cells. These trichomes are analogous to the dendroid or brushlike colleters of nodulated Rubiaceae. Druses occur in most subgenera and this appears to be by far the most predominant crystal type m Ardisia.     

浙江紫金牛属一新变型——黄果朱砂根

报道了发现于浙江苍南县的紫金牛属一新变型--黄果朱砂根(Ardisia crenata Sims f.xanthocarpa F.Y.Zhang et G.Y.Li),该新变型果实为黄色,而原变型为鲜红色.     

Two New Triterpenoid Saponins Cytotoxic to Human Glioblastoma U251MG Cells from Ardisia pusilla

Two new triterpenoid saponins, ardipusillosides IV and V ( 1 and 2 , resp.), together with one known saponin, ardisiacrispin B ( 3 ), were isolated from the whole plants of Ardisia pusilla A. DC. Their structures were deduced by extensive spectral analysis and chemical evidences. Compound 1 contains a glycosylated glycerol residue which is a very rare structural feature among triterpenoid glycosides and has been so far found only in the genus Ardisia. All the saponins exhibited significant cytotoxicity against human glioblastoma U251MG cells, but did not affect the growth of primary cultured human astrocytes.     

Structure and function of trichornes in the shoot tip of Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A.DC. (Myrsinaceae)

MILLER, I. M., GARDNER, I. C. & SCOTT, A., 1984. Structure and function of trichomes in the shoot tip of Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A.DC. (Myrsinaceae). The trichomes in the shoot tip of the myrsinaceous leaf-nodulated species Ardisia crispa (Thunb.) A.DC. have been studied at the ultrastructural level. Two distinct kinds of trichomes are found. Small peltate scales arise from the abaxial protoderrn of the developing leaves. Multicellular stellate trichomes on the adaxial surface of young leaves are uniseriate, rotate and consist of up to eight multicellular arms radiating from a central stalk. The multicellular arms terminate distally in swollen club-shaped tips. The stellate trichomes secrete large quantities of carbohydrate-containing mucilage. Colonies of leaf nodule bacteria are found resident in this mucilage. The role of the peltate scales and the stellate trichomes n the maintenance of the cyclic leaf nodule symbiosis is discussed.     

亚热带季雨林植物罗伞气体交换对光质的反应

亚热带季雨林林下阴生植物罗伞(Ardisia quinquegona)叶片的气体交换速率(PN.μmol.m~(-2),s~(-1))随光强(PFD,μmol,m~(-2),s~(-1))增高而增大。在光强低于80μmol,m~(-2),s~(-1),PN=29.21PFD×10~(-3)+0.36。在光强150μmol,m~(-2),s~(-1)对出现气体交换的光饱和现象。在低光强下,气孔传导率(G,m mol,m~(-2),s~(-1)与光强(m mol,m~(-2),s~(-1)的关系为G=265.6 PFD+4.6。在低光强下。开阔地的阳生灌木桃金娘(Rhodmyrtus tomentosa)的气体交换速率和气孔传导率与光强关系曲线的直线部分斜率皆较罗伞的低,在红光上,罗伞叶片气体交换速率(μmol,m~(-2),s~(-1)与光强(μmol,m~(-2),s~(-1)的关系为PN=32.4 PFD×10~(-3)-0.04。气孔传导率(m mol,m~(-2),s~(-1)与光强(m mol,m~(-2),s~(-1)的关系为G=339.08 PFD+7.37。同时气体交换速率的饱和红光光强亦较白光的高。在蓝光光强低时,气体交换速率(μmol,m~(-2),s~(-1))与光强(μmol,m~(-2),s~(-1))的关系为PN=13.54 PFD×10~(-3)—0.17,而气孔传导率(m mol,m~(-2),s~(-1))与光强(mμmol,m~(-2),s~(-1))的关系为G=80.5 PFD+4.35。在低的蓝光下,体交换速率和气孔传导率与光强关系曲线的直线部分斜率显著较在白光和红光下的低。罗伞叶片气体交换对红光的反应敏感。     

Quinones from Ardisia cornudentata

The structure of a new benzoquinone, cornudentanone, isolated fromArdisia cornudentata M. was determined.     

Additional new taxa of Ardisia (Myrsinaceae) from Thailand

Two new taxa of Ardisia from Thailand, A. integra and A. corymbifera var. euryoides , are described and illustrated.     

云南紫金牛属3种植物花粉粒形态特征

利用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对云南紫金牛属朱砂根、柳叶紫金牛和矮地茶的花粉进行了观察.其中,柳叶紫金牛属首次报道.结果表明:3种紫金牛属植物的花粉为单粒,三角状类圆球型;异极型,两侧对称;赤道面观为三面略凹的类圆球形;极面的顶面观为类三角形,具三孔(沟),为沟孔型,萌发沟为拟沟,多合成合沟,底面观为三面围合的深洞穴状.外壁多具穴状纹饰,表面光滑无附属物.云南紫金牛属花粉粒大小、形态、萌发沟和纹饰类型都较接近,属于单一型花粉.     

Genetic variation of Ardisia crenata in south China revealed by nuclear microsatellite

Ardisia crenata Sims,one of the most widely distributed Ardisia in the world,is an important ornamental and medicinal plant species.Using seven polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci,we studied the genetic variation of 20 natural populations of A.crenata across its distribution center in south China.Significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all populations and at all loci were detected,and the fixation index was high(FIS = 0.725),indicating that inbreeding may be dominant in the mixed mating system of this self-compatible species.The average genetic diversity within populations was relatively low(HS = 0.321).There was significant genetic differentiation among populations(FST = 0.583),which may have resulted from a high level of inbreeding and a low level of gene flow.Ardisia crenata in south China can be roughly divided into an eastern group and a western group,consistent with the floristic division of the Sino-Himalayan forest subkingdom and the Sino-Japanese forest subkingdom.There may be separated glacial refugia in each region.     

Four new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phyllosticta</Emphasis>, one new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudocercospora</Emphasis>, and one new combination in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Passalora</Emphasis> from Japan

During a survey of plant-inhabiting fungi in a botanical garden in Japan, some noteworthy fungi were collected from leaf spots of some herbal and arboreal plants. Among them, five new species are described, namely: Phyllosticta. ardisiicola on Ardisia crenata, Phy. aspidistricola on Aspidistra elatior, Phy. kerriae on Kerria japonica, Phy. fallopiae on Fallopia japonica, and Pseudocercospora davidiicola on Davidia involucrata. Passalora pyrrosiae, a new combination for Pseudocercospora pyrrosiae on Pyrrosia lingua, is proposed based on its morphological characteristics designating the neotype specimen.