Design and synthesis of 3-(azol-1-yl)phenylpropanes as microbicidal spermicides for prophylactic contraception

We designed a series of 25 3-(azol-1-yl)phenylpropanes which yielded 10 compounds (3, 4, 7, 8, 13, 14, 19, 21, 23, 26) that irreversibly immobilized 100% human sperm at 1% (w/v) concentration in 60 s; 12 compounds (8, 9, 15, 16, 19-21, 23-25, 27, 28) that showed potent microbicidal activity at 12.5-50 μg/mL against Trichomonas vaginalis; and 17 compounds (3-11, 13, 15, 19, 21, 23, 26, 28, 30) that exhibited potent anticandida activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5-50 μg/mL. Almost all the compounds exhibited high level of safety towards normal vaginal flora (Lactobacillus) and human cervical (HeLa) cells in comparison to the marketed spermicide nonoxynol-9 (N-9). All the biological activities were evaluated in vitro. Two compounds (4, 8) with good safety profile exhibited multiple (spermicidal, antitrichomonas and anticandida) activities, warranting further lead optimization for furnishing a prophylactic vaginal contraceptive.     

Antitumoral and antileishmanial dioncoquinones and ancistroquinones from cell cultures of Triphyophyllum peltatum (Dioncophyllaceae) and Ancistrocladus abbreviatus (Ancistrocladaceae)

From the methanolic extracts of solid callus cultures from two species of the closely related palaeotropical plant families Dioncophyllaceae and Ancistrocladaceae seven new natural naphthoquinones were isolated, dioncoquinones A (4) and B (5) from Triphyophyllum peltatum, and ancistroquinones B (6), C (7), D (9), E (10), and F (12) from Ancistrocladus abbreviatus. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic, chemical, and computational methods. Furthermore, the already known naphthoquinones plumbagin (2), droserone (3), malvone A (8), and nepenthone A (11) were found in the extract of A. abbreviatus. Dioncoquinones A (4) and B (5) showed good - and specific - activity against Leishmania major, while they were not active against other protozoic parasites. Moreover, treatment with 4 and 5 strongly induced apoptosis in human tumor cells derived from two different B cell malignancies, B cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma, without any significant toxicity towards normal peripheral mononuclear blood cells.     

Terpenoids and phenethyl glucosides from Hyssopus cuspidatus (Labiatae)

Monoterpenoids (3 and 4), sesquiterpenoid (2), diterpenoid (1) and four phenethyl glucosides (5-8), together with fourteen known compounds, were isolated from the whole herb of Hyssopus cuspidatus. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means. The abietane-type diterpenoids (1, 9, 10), rosmarinic acid (15) and salvigenin (17) inhibited leukotriene (LT) C₄ secretion from primary alveolar cells of Wistar rats.     

Identification of PR-SET7 and EZH2 selective inhibitors inducing cell death in human leukemia U937 cells

Chemical manipulations undertaken on some bis(bromo- and dibromo-phenol) compounds previously reported by us as wide-spectrum epigenetic inhibitors let us to identify bis (bromo- and dibromo-methoxyphenyl) derivatives highly selective for PR-SET7 and EZH2 (compounds 4, 5, 9, and 10). Western blot analyses were carried out in U937 cells to determine the effects of such compounds on the methyl marks related to the tested enzymes (H3K4me1, H3K9me2, H4H20me1, and H3K27me3). The 1,5-bis(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one 4 (EC₅₀ vs EZH2 = 74.9 μM), tested in U937 cells at 50 μM, induced massive cell death and 28% of granulocytic differentiation, highlighting the potential use of EZH2 inhibitors in cancer.     

Iminophosphorane-organogold(III) complexes induce cell death through mitochondrial ROS production

Gold compounds are being investigated as potential antitumor drugs. Some gold(III) derivatives have been shown to induce cell death in solid tumors but their mechanism of action differs from that of cisplatin, since most of these compounds do not bind to DNA. We have explored cellular events triggered by three different iminophosphorane-organogold(III) compounds in leukemia cells (a neutral compound with two chloride ligands [Au{κ²-C,N-C₆H₄(PPh₂ = N(C₆H₅)-2}Cl₂] 1, and two cationic compounds with either a dithiocarbamate ligand [Au{κ²-C,N-C₆H₄(PPh₂ = N(C₆H₅)-2}(S₂CN-Me₂)]PF₆2, or a water-soluble phosphine and a chloride ligand [Au{κ²-C,N-C₆H₄(PPh₂ = N(C₆H₅)-2}(P{Cp(m-C₆H₄-SO₃Na)₂}₃) Cl]PF₆3). All three compounds showed higher toxicity against leukemia cells when compared to normal T-lymphocytes. Compounds 1 and 2 induced both necrosis and apoptosis, while 3 was mainly apoptotic. Necrotic cell death induced by 1 and 2 was Bax/Bak- and caspase-independent, while apoptosis induced by 3 was Bax/Bak-dependent. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production at the mitochondrial level was a critical step in the antitumor effect of these compounds.     

Synthesis, characterization and crystal structures of the organotin(IV) compounds with the Schiff base ligands of pyruvic acid thiophene-2-carboxylic hydrazone and salicylaldehyde thiophene-2-carboxylic hydrazone

A series of organotin (IV) compounds of the type [R₃SnL]₂, R is Me (1), Bu (2), [R₂SnL]₂, R is Ph (3), Me (4), Bu (5), L is pyruvic acid thiophene-2-carboxylic hydrazone, and R₂SnL, R is Me (6), Bu (7), Ph (8), L is salicylaldehyde thiophene-2-carboxylic hydrazone have been synthesized in 1:1 molar ratio. All compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR spectra. The crystal structure of compounds 1, 3, 4, 8 have been determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction analyses, study found that the compounds 1 and 3 are rendered one-dimensional chain structure and the tin atoms are five-coordinated in a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry. The compound 4 has a dimeric structure and the central tin atom is rendered seven-coordinate in a distorted pentagonal-bipyramid configuration. While the compound 8 is a monomer in which the tin atom adopts five-coordinated in distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry.     

Aromatase inhibitory, radical scavenging, and antioxidant activities of depsidones and diaryl ethers from the endophytic fungus Corynespora cassiicola L36

Isolation of a broth extract of the endophytic fungus Corynespora cassiicola L36 afforded three compounds, corynesidones A (1) and B (3), and corynether A (5), together with a known diaryl ether 7. Compounds 1, 3, 5, and 7 were relatively non-toxic against cancer cells, and inactive toward normal cell line, MRC-5. Corynesidone B (3) exhibited potent radical scavenging activity in the DPPH assay, whose activity was comparable to ascorbic acid. Based on the ORAC assay, compounds 1, 3, 5, and 7 showed potent antioxidant activity. However, the isolated natural substances and their methylated derivatives (1−8) neither inhibited superoxide anion radical formation in the XXO assay nor suppressed TPA-induced superoxide anion generation in HL-60 cell line. Corynesidone A (1) inhibited aromatase activity with an IC₅₀ value of 5.30 μM.     

Potential new inorganic antitumour agents from combining the anticancer traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) matrine with Ga(III), Au(III), Sn(IV) ions, and DNA binding studies

Three new compounds of Ga(III), Au(III), Sn(IV) with matrine (MT), [H-MT][GaCl₄] (), [H-MT][AuCl₄] () and [Sn(H-MT)Cl₅] (), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ESI-MS and single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The crystal structural analyses indicate that 1 and 2 are ionic compounds, whereas 3 is a tin(IV) complex formed by the monodentate MT via its carbonyl oxygen atom of MT coordinating to Sn(IV). Their in vitro cytotoxicity towards eight selected tumour cell lines has been evaluated by MTT (3-[4,5-Dimentylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenpyltetra-zolium bromide) method, and compounds 1 and 2 exhibit enhanced activity, such as 1 to SW480, 2 to HeLa, HepG2 and MCF-7, which exceeds matrine and cisplatin, and display synergistic contribution of their components. The cell cycle analyses show that compounds 1, 3 and MT exhibit cell cycle arrest at the G₂/M phase. Interactions of these compounds with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) have been investigated by spectroscopic analyses. The planar extension of the intercalative metal-matrine compounds increases the interaction of the metal-matrine with DNA, indicating that the cationic metal ions and configuration of the intercalated metal-matrine will affect the extent of interaction. Compound 2, [H-MT][AuCl₄], exhibits more intensive binding ability to DNA, which may correlate with intercalation and other action mode. The circular dichroism spectra of the ct-DNA bound with metal-MT compounds also suggest that ct-DNA interacted with 1, 2, 3 does not influence its secondary structure. Furthermore, both compounds 1 and 2 exhibit effective inhibition ability to topoisomerase (TOPO I) at concentration of 50 μM, while matrine and compound 3 do not.     

Palladium(II), platinum(II), ruthenium(II) and mercury(II) complexes of potentially tridentate Schiff base ligands of (E, N, O) type (E = S, Se, Te): Synthesis, crystal structures and applications in Heck and Suzuki coupling reactions

Schiff bases of 2-hydroxybenzophenone (HBP) (C₆H₅)(2-HOC₆H₄)CN(CH₂)_nEAr (L1/L2: E = S, Ar = Ph, n = 2/3; L3/L4: E = Se, Ar = Ph, n = 2/3; L5/L6: E = Te, Ar = 4-MeOC₆H₄, n = 2/3) and their complexes [PdCl(L-H)] (L = L1−L6; 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11), [PtCl(L3-H/L5-H)] (4/8), [PtCl₂(L4/L6)₂] (6/12), [(p-cymene)RuCl(L5/L6)]Cl (9/13) and [HgBr₂(L5/L6)₂] (10/14) have been synthesized and characterized by proton, carbon-13, selenium-77 and tellurium-125 NMR, IR and mass spectra. Single crystal structures of L1, 1, 3, 4, 5 and 7 were solved. The Pd-E bond distances (Å): 2.2563(6) (E = S), 2.3575(6)−2.392(2) (E = Se); 2.5117(5)−2.5198(5) (E = Te) are near the lower end of the bond length range known for them. The Pt-Se bond length, 2.3470(8) Å, is also closer to the short values reported so far. The Heck and Suzuki reaction were carried out using complexes 1, 3, 5 and 7 as catalysts under aerobic condition. The percentage yields for trans product in Heck reaction were found upto 85%.     

8-Quinolinolato complexes of ruthenium(II) and (III)

Reduction of RuQ₃ (1a, Q = 8-quinolinolato) with Zn/Hg in the presence of various π-acceptor ligands in ethanol affords RuQ₂L₂ (L₂ = (dimethylsulfoxide)₂ (2); (4-picoline)₂ (3); N,N′-dimethyl-1,4-diazabuta-1,3-diene, dab (4); cyclooctadiene, COD (5); norborna-2,5-diene, nbd (6)). Compound 6 is isolated as an equimolar mixture of cis,trans (6a) and trans,cis (6b) isomers, which can be separated by column chromatography. DFT calculations have been performed on 6a and 6b. Oxidation of 3 and 6b affords the corresponding ruthenium(III) species 7 and 8, respectively. The structures of 2, 3, 4 and 6 have been determined by X-ray crystallography.     

Anticancer and antifungal activity of copper(II) complexes of quinolin-2(1H)-one-derived Schiff bases

The condensation of substituted aromatic aldehydes with 7-amino-4-methyl-quinolin-2(1H)-one (1) has lead to the isolation of quinolin-2(1H)-one derived Schiff bases (2-14). The copper(II) complexes (2a-14a) of the ligands were also prepared, and together with their corresponding free ligands were fully characterised by elemental analyses, spectral methods (IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, AAS, UV-Vis), magnetic and conductance measurements. The bidentate ligands coordinated to the copper(II) ion through the deprotonated phenolic oxygen and the azomethine nitrogen of the ligands in almost all cases. X-ray crystal structures of two of the complexes, 5a and 8a, confirmed the bidentate coordination mode. All of the compounds were investigated for their antimicrobial activities against the fungus, Candida albicans, and against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The compounds were found to have excellent anti-Candida activity but were inactive against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Selected compounds (2-8 and 2a-8a) were also screened for their in vitro anticancer potential using the human hepatic carcinoma cell line, Hep-G₂. Several derivatives were shown to be active comparable to that of cisplatin.     

Synthesis and antitumor activity of new d-seco and d-homo androstane derivatives

Starting from 3β-hydroxy-17-oxo-16,17-secoandrost-5-ene-16-nitrile (1), the new 16,17-secoandrostane derivatives 4-9 were synthesized. On the other hand, 3β-hydroxy-17-oxa-d-homoandrost-5-ene-16-one (10) yielded the new d-homo derivatives 12, 13 and 15. In vitro antiproliferative activity of selected compounds against three tumor cell lines (human breast adenocarcinoma ER+, MCF-7, human breast adenocarcinoma ER−, MDA-MB-231, prostate cancer AR−, PC-3, and normal fetal lung fibroblasts, MRC-5) was evaluated. Compounds 3 and 12 showed strong antiproliferative activity against PC-3 cells, the IC₅₀ values being 2 μM and 0.55 μM, respectively. Compounds 6 (10 μM) and 14 (9 μM) showed moderate activity against MDA-MB-231 cells. The synthesized compounds 1-3, 5-8, 10 and 12-15 were not toxic to normal fetal lung fibroblasts cells, MRC-5.     

(Pyrazolylmethyl)pyridine platinum(II) and gold(III) complexes: Synthesis, structures and evaluation as anticancer agents

Reactions of 2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-ylmethyl)pyridine (L1), 2-(3,5-diphenylpyrazol-1-ylmethyl)pyridine (L2), 2-(3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazol-1-ylmethyl)pyridine (L3) and 2-(3-p-tolylpyrazol-1-ylmethyl)pyridine (L4) with K₂[PtCl₄] in a mixture of ethanol and water formed the dichloro platinum complexes [PtCl₂(L1)] (1), [PtCl₂(L2)] (2), [PtCl₂(L3)] (3) and [PtCl₂(L4)] (4). Complex 1, [PtCl₂(L1)], could also be prepared in a mixture of acetone and water. Performing the reactions of L2 and L3 in a mixture of acetone and water, however, led to C-H activation of acetone under mild conditions to form the neutral acetonyl complexes [Pt(CH₂COCH₃)Cl(L2)] (2a) and [Pt(CH₂COCH₃)Cl(L3)] (3a). The same ligands reacted with HAuCl₄ · 4H₂O in a mixture of ethanol and water to form the gold salts [AuCl₂(L1)][AuCl₄] (5) [AuCl₂(L2)][Cl] (6) [AuCl₂(L3)][Cl] (7) and [AuCl₂(L4)][AuCl₄] (8); however, with the pyrazolyl unit in the para position of the pyridinyl ring in 4-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-ylmethyl)pyridine (L5), 4-(3,5-diphenylpyrazol-1-ylmethyl)pyridine (L6) neutral gold complexes [AuCl₃(L5)] (9) and [AuCl₂(L6)] (10) were formed; signifying the role the position of the pyrazolyl group plays in product formation in the gold reactions. X-ray crystallographic structural determination of L6, 2, 33a, 8 and 10 were very important in confirming the structures of these compounds; particularly for 3a and 8 where the presence of the acetonyl group confirmed C-H activation and for 8 where the counter ion is . Cytotoxicity studies of L2, L4 and complexes 1-10 against HeLa cells showed the Au complexes were much less active than the Pt complexes.     

Steroids from the leaves of Chinese Melia azedarach and their cytotoxic effects on human cancer cell lines

Three new (1-3) and several known (4-6) steroids were isolated from the leaves of Chinese Melia azedarach. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods including 2D NMR techniques and mass spectrometry to be (20S)-5,24(28)-ergostadiene-3β,7α,16β,20-tetrol (1), (20S)-5-ergostene-3β,7α,16β,20-tetrol (2), and 2α,3β-dihydro-5-pregnen-16-one (3). The cytotoxicities of the isolated compounds against three human cancer cell lines (A549, H460, U251) were evaluated; only compounds 1, 2, and (20S)-5-stigmastene-3β,7α,20-triol (4) were found to show significant cyctotoxic effects with IC₅₀s from 12.0 to 30.1 μg/mL.     

Triorganotin(IV) complexes of Schiff base derived from 6-amino-2-mercaptobenzothiazole: Synthesis, characterization and X-ray crystal structures

Nine triorganotin(IV) complexes of the type R₃SnL (L = L1 R = Me 1, Ph 2, PhCH₂3; L = L2 R = Me 4, Ph 5, PhCH₂6; L = L2 R = Me 7, Ph 8, PhCH₂9) have been obtained by reaction of new Schiff base HL1, HL2 or HL3 with triorganotin(IV) chloride in the presence of sodium ethoxide. All the complexes 1-9 were characterized by elemental, IR and NMR spectra analyses. Except for complexes 3, 4, 6, 9, the others were also characterized by X-ray crystallography diffraction analyses, which revealed that complexes 1, 2, 5, 7, 8 were four coordinated and displayed a capped tetrahedron.     

Synthesis, characterization and anti-tumor activity of moxifloxacin-copper complexes against breast cancer cell lines

Novel moxifloxacin-copper complexes were synthesized, characterized and screened for anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing activity against multiple human breast cancer cell lines (hormone-dependent MCF-7 and T47D as well as hormone-independent MDA-MB-231 and BT-20). The results indicated that the parent compound moxifloxacin (1) does not exert any inhibitory activity against breast cancer cell lines examined. On the other hand, the copper conjugate 2 and its nitrogen adducts 3-5 exerted growth inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing activity against breast cancer cell lines without any substantial effect on non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells MCF-10A at equimolar concentration, suggesting a cancer cell-specific activity. BT-20 cells were more sensitive to compounds 2 and 3, while compounds 4 and 5 exerted significant anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on T47D, MDA-MB-231 and BT-20 cell lines. Our results suggest that these novel compounds could be useful for the treatment of breast cancer in the future.     

The novel 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one urea derivatives of N-aryl urea: synthesis, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal activity evaluation

A series of novel 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one urea derivatives of biological interest were prepared by sequential Bigineli’s reaction, reduction followed by reaction of resulting amines with different arylisocynates. All the synthesized (1-23) compounds were screened against the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and antimicrobial activity (antibacterial and antifungal). Biological activity evaluation study reveled that among all the compounds screened, compounds 12 and 17 found to have promising anti-inflammatory activity (68-62% TNF-α and 92-86% IL-6 inhibitory activity at 10 μM). Interestingly compounds 3, 4, 5, 6, 15, 22 and 23 revealed promising antimicrobial activity at MIC of 10-30 μg/mL against selected pathogenic bacteria and fungi.     

Diamagnetic 8-amidoquinoline and 8-(trialkylsilylamido)quinoline complexes of divalent nickel and zinc

Transamination of Zn[N(SiMe₃)₂]₂ with 8-(triisopropylsilylamino) (1a) and 8-(tert-butyldimethylsilylamino)quinoline (1b) yields monomeric heteroleptic bis(trimethylsilyl)amido zinc 8-(trialkylsilylamido)quinoline (2a, 2b). The reaction of Zn[N(SiMe₃)₂]₂ with 8-aminoquinoline leads to the formation of heteroleptic dimeric 8-amidoquinoline zinc bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (3). This compound shows fluxionality on the NMR time scale due to a transannular trans-cis isomerization process and also a strong temperature dependency of the ratio of these two isomers. Variation of the stoichiometry allows the synthesis and isolation of homoleptic zinc bis(8-amidoquinoline) (4) with the zinc atoms in a distorted tetrahedral environment. The metallation of 8-aminoquinoline with (tmeda)NiMe₂ yields diamagnetic nickel bis(8-amidoquinoline) (5) with a nickel center showing a distorted square planar coordination sphere. Dinuclear zinc complexes are accessible employing tetra-dentate di(8-aminoquinolyl)diphenylsilane (6). The metallation of 6 with dimethylzinc yields dimeric zinc di(8-amidoquinolyl)diphenylsilane (7) with tetrahedrally coordinated zinc atoms. A comparison of the molecular structures of 1a, 2b, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 shows nearly no dependency of the structural data of the quinolyl unit on the substitution pattern of the amino function. The metal-nitrogen bond lengths depend on the coordination numbers of the metal and the nitrogen atoms (terminal or bridging position) as well as the electrostatic attraction between the metal cations and the amino bases.     

Rhenium(III) and technetium(III) complexes with 2-mercapto-1,3-azole ligands and X-ray crystal structures

Reactions of labile [MCl₃(PPh₃)₂(NCMe)] (M = Tc, Re) precursors with 1H-benzoimidazole-2-thiol (H₂L¹), 5-methyl-1H-benzoimidazole-2-thiol (H₂L²) and 1H-imidazole-2-thiol (H₂L³), in the presence of PPh₃ and [AsPh₄]Cl gave a new series of trigonal bipyramidal M(III) complexes [AsPh₄]{[M(PPh₃)Cl(H₂L^1-3)₃]Cl₃} (M = Re, 1-3; M = Tc, 4-6). The molecular structures of 1 and 3 were determined by X-ray diffraction. When the reactions were carried out with benzothiazole-2-thiol (HL⁴) and benzoxazole-2-thiol (HL⁵), neutral paramagnetic monosubstituted M(III) complexes [M(PPh₃)₂Cl₂(L^4,5)] (M = Re, 8, 9; M = Tc, 10, 11) were obtained. In these compounds, the central metal ions adopt an octahedral coordination geometry as authenticated by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of 8 and 11. Rhenium and technetium complexes 1, 4 and rhenium chelate compounds 8, 9 have been also synthesized by reduction of [MO₄]⁻ with PPh₃ and HCl in the presence of the appropriate ligand. All the complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, FTIR and NMR spectroscopy.     

Study of the cytotoxic activity of di and triphenyltin(IV) carboxylate complexes

The reaction of 3-methoxyphenylacetic acid (3-MPAH), 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid (4-MPAH), 2,5-dimethyl-3-furoic acid (DMFUH) or 1,4-benzodioxane-6-carboxylic acid (BZDOH) with triphenyltin(IV) chloride (1:1) or diphenyltin(IV) dichloride (2:1) in the presence of triethylamine yielded the compounds [SnPh₃(3-MPA)] (1), [SnPh₃(4-MPA)] (2), [SnPh₃(DMFU)] (3), [SnPh₃(BZDO)] (4), [SnPh₂(3-MPA)₂] (5), [SnPh₂(4-MPA)₂] (6), [SnPh₂(DMFU)₂] (7) and [SnPh₂(BZDO)₂] (8), respectively. The tetranuclear complex [{Me₂(DMFU)SnOSn(DMFU)Me₂}₂] (9) was prepared by the reaction of dimethyltin(IV) oxide and 2,5-dimethyl-3-furoic acid (DMFUH). The molecular structures of 3, 4 and 9, were determined by X-ray diffraction studies. The cytotoxic activity of the carboxylic acids (3-MPAH, 4-MPAH, BZDOH and DMFUH) and di (5-8) and triphenyltin(IV) complexes (2-4) was tested against tumor cell lines human adenocarcinoma HeLa, human myelogenous leukemia K562, human malignant melanoma Fem-x and normal immunocompetent cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells PBMC. Triphenyltin(IV) complexes show higher activities than the diphenyltin(IV) derivatives. The most active compound is [SnPh₃(DMFU)] (3) with IC₅₀ value of 0.15 ± 0.01, 0.051 ± 0.004, 0.074 ± 0.004, 0.20 ± 0.01, 0.15 ± 0.02 on HeLa, K562, Fem-x, rested and stimulated PBMC, respectively, while the most selective are [SnPh₂(3-MPA)₂] (5), [SnPh₂(DMFU)₂] (7) and [SnPh₂(BZDO)₂] (8). Compounds 3, 5, 7 and 8 present higher activities than cisplatin in all the tested cells and relative high selectivity especially on K562 cells.