满山红软胶囊抗炎作用研究

目的:考察满山红软胶囊抗炎作用。方法:采用二甲苯所致小鼠耳壳炎症模型,考察满山红软胶囊的抗炎作用;采用大白鼠棉球肉芽肿模型,考察满山红软胶囊对抗慢性炎症的作用。结果:满山红软胶囊1.0g生药/kg、2.0g生药/kg、4.0g生药/kg(相当于人临床剂量的10、20、40倍)剂量可使二甲苯所致小鼠耳壳炎症明显降低;满山红软胶囊0.5生药/kg、1.0生药/kg、2.0生药/kg(相当于人临床剂量的5、10、20倍)剂量可使大鼠棉球肉芽肿的增生明显降低。结论:满山红软胶囊具有抗炎作用。     

满山红软胶囊急性毒性试验研究

目的:考察满山红软胶囊的急性毒性反应。方法:本试验采用灌胃给药方法,测定小白鼠的LD50。结果:小白鼠的LD50为78.48g生药/kg,95%的可信限为74.47～82.30g生药/kg,约为临床拟用剂量的784.8倍。结论:满山红软胶囊具有较低的急性毒性。     

满山红软胶囊祛痰止咳作用研究

目的:考察满山红软胶囊祛痰止咳作用。方法:通过观察小鼠气道内酚红排泌法,考察满山红软胶囊的祛痰作用;采用浓氨水致小白鼠咳嗽模型,考察满山红软胶囊止咳的作用。结果:灌胃给予满山红软胶囊1.1g生药/kg、2.2g生药/kg、4.4g生药/kg(相当于人临床剂量的11、22、44倍)剂量可使小鼠酚红分泌量明显增加;灌胃给予满山红软胶囊1.1g生药/kg、2.2g生药/kg、4.4g生药/kg(相当于人临床剂量的11、22、44倍)剂量可明显延长小鼠咳嗽潜伏期,明显降低2min内小鼠咳嗽次数。结论:满山红软胶囊具有祛痰、止咳作用。     

满山红软胶囊长期毒性试验研究

目的:考察满山红软胶囊的长期毒性反应。方法:本试验采用灌胃给药方法,连续给药三个月,考察试验动物组与空白对照组体重、食量、各项血液学及血液生化学指标差异。结论:各项指标均无显著差异,试验动物各主要脏器及腺体亦无明显损伤,说明在上述剂量下,满山红软胶囊连续给药三月是安全的,恢复观察期内,未出现延迟性毒性反应。     

皮下盘菌属的两个新分类单元

报道中国黄山产皮下盘菌属二新种:生于满山红Rhododendron mariesii叶片上的满山红皮下盘菌Hypoderma rhododendri-mariesii sp. nov.和生于野珠兰Stephanandra chenensis枝干上的野珠兰皮下盘菌H. stephanandrae sp. nov.。对它们作了拉丁文特征简介、汉文描述和图解。模式标本存放在安徽农业大学森林保护教研室(AAUFP),合肥。     

综合利用满山红、刺五加开发利用的经济效益

黑龙江省是我国重要野生药材重点产区之一,中草药资源丰富,开发利用的潜力很大。我所在对我省药材资源普查的基础上,对满山红、刺五加进行了深入系统的研究,取得了可喜的科研成果。这一成果在生产单位及临床医院广泛推广应用后,产生了重大经济效果。     

盐碱胁迫对4种杜鹃属植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

为研究杜鹃属植物的耐盐耐碱性及筛选耐盐耐碱种,在组培条件下观测不同浓度NaCl、NaHCO3处理下对马银花(Rhododendron ovatum)、满山红(R.mariesii)、映山红(R.simsii)和云锦杜鹃(R.fortunei)种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.研究结果表明:盐、碱胁迫对杜鹃花种子萌发和幼苗生长有...     

戴云山国家级自然保护区黄山松群落类型与物种多样性分析

采用典型取样法对戴云山国家级自然保护区黄山松(Pinus taiwanensis Hayata)群落的类型和物种多样性进行了分析。以乔木层主要树种的重要值为参考指标,通过系统聚类分析,可将该黄山松群落分为8个群丛类型:黄山松+杉木-乌药-铁芒萁群丛(Assoc.P.taiwanensis+Cunninghamia lanceolata-Lindera aggregate-Dicranopterislinearis);黄山松+多脉青冈-细枝柃-里白群丛(Assoc.P.taiwanensis+Cyclobalanopsis multinervis-Eurya loquaiana-Hicriopteris glauca);黄山松+江南山柳-短尾越桔-铁芒萁群丛(Assoc.P.taiwanensis+Clethra cavaleriei-Vacciniumcarlesii-Dicranopteris linearis);黄山松+甜槠-肿节少穗竹-里白群丛(Assoc.P.taiwanensis+Castanopsis eyrei-Oligostachyum oedogonatum-Hicriopteris glauca);黄山松+吊钟花-短尾越桔-狗脊群丛(Assoc.P.taiwanensis+Enkianthus quinqueflorus-Vaccinium carlesii-Woodwardia japonica);黄山松+华丽杜鹃-短尾越桔-里白群丛(Assoc.P.taiwanensis+Rhododendron farrerae-Vaccinium carlesii-Hicriopteris glauca);黄山松+光叶水青冈-满山红-铁芒萁群丛(Assoc.P.taiwanensis+Fagus lucida-Rhododendron mariesii-Dicranopteris linearis);黄山松-满山红-平颖柳叶箬群丛(Assoc.P.taiwanensis-Rhododendron mariesii-Isachne truncata)。各群丛总体物种丰富度指数和多样性指数总体上呈随海拔升高而降低的趋势,总体均匀度指数Pielou指数和Alatalo指数波动不大。在群落垂直结构上,乔木层、灌木层和草本层物种丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数有差异;各群丛间乔木层和灌木层的物种丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数波动较大,草本层这3个指数波动较小且数值上小于前两者。分析结果显示:海拔是决定该黄山松群落多样性差异的主导因子。     

黄山的杜鹃花科植物

杜鹃花为世界四大著名花卉之一,黄山从低海拔到高海拔均可见到杜鹃花科植物。黄山分布的杜鹃花属植物有7种,在海拔400米上下的山坡可见到闹羊花(Rhododendron molle),4—5月开花,花大,金黄色,怒放于枝顶。在海拔1000米以下的山坡、路边到处可见到映山红(R.simsii),花鲜红色,4—5月开遍漫山遍野。再往高处,1000米上下,容易见到一种枝叶均似映山红的植物满山红(R.mariesii),花色紫     

基于多元回归树的常绿阔叶林群丛数量分类——以古田山24公顷森林样地为例

常绿阔叶林植被分类一直是植被生态学研究中的难题,尤其是基本单位——群丛的分类。该文以地形因子和物种组成数据为变量的多元回归树方法,将浙江古田山24hm2森林监测样地的森林群落分为3个群丛。所得群丛既反映了群落在时间和空间上的相对间断分布,也符合植被分类基本单位的特点,为常绿阔叶林的群丛分类提供了新思路。并首次引入了指示值算法,解决了以往指示种无法量化的难题。最终以优势层优势种为主、下木层指示种为辅的命名原则,将3个群丛命名为:1)石斑木(Raphiolepis indica)+柳叶蜡梅(Chimonanthus salicifolius)-格药柃(Eurya muricata)+赤楠(Syzygium buxifolium)-木荷(Schima superba)+甜槠(Castanopsis eyrei)群丛;2)映山红(Rhododendron simsii)+满山红(Rhododendron mariesii)-短柄枹(Quercus serrata var.brevipetiolata)+灰白蜡瓣花(Corylopsis glandulifera var.hypoglauca)-马尾松(Pinus massoniana)+甜槠群丛;3)短尾越桔(Vaccinium carlesii)+毛花连蕊茶(Camellia fraterna)-杨梅叶蚊母树(Distylium myricoides)+浙江新木姜子(Neolitsea aurata)-木荷+甜槠群丛。     

A cline of allozyme variation inAbies mariesii

Genetic variation at 22 allozyme loci was examined for 1,003 trees from 11 isolated natural populations ofAbies mariesii covering all except the southernmost region of its geographic range. Genetic diversity within species (H _es=0.063) was low compared to many other long-lived woody species. Most of the genetic variation is found within populations (G _ST=0.144) despite their isolated distribution. Genetic distance between populations was positively correlated with geographic distance. Genetic diversity within populations was generally low (meanH _ep=0.054), but varied across populations in a clinal fashion such that genetic variation decreased with increasing latitude. These genetic characteristics may reflect the distribution history of this species.     

杜鹃花属

杜鹃花属(Rhododendron L.),常绿或落叶灌木,稀为乔木;分布于北温带约960种,我国约650种,主要集中产于西南、华南,是世界著名观赏植物。     

Geographical cline of chloroplast DNA variation in Abies mariesii

Where its populations are isolated in higher mountain regions, Abies mariesii is one of the more important conifers of Japan's alpine forest zone. In this study we tried to clarify the genetic variation of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in A. mariesii. Cones and fresh needles were collected from seven mountain regions. Total DNAs were extracted from individual seedlings, and these were digested by 15 restriction endonucleases. Southern hybridization was then done using cpDNA clones of Cryptomeria japonica and tobacco as probes. CpDNA variation was detected with enzyme-probe combinations: HindIII+pCS10 probe, HindIII+pCS7, and BglII+pCS7 in preliminary screening. These variations were considered to be caused by the same insertion, deletion or inversion. All populations surveyed for the combination HindIII+pCS10 resulted in only two frequency variations in each population. This indicates a gradual cline along latitude and longitude.     

太白杜鹃

四月的宝天曼,正是俗称“映山红”的杜鹃花盛开的季节。葱郁的山架上,一片一片的鲜红给人以神秘而飘渺的感觉。车到山门前,大家索性下来,仔细地从近处观赏这一丛丛艳丽的花,还有人将之放入口中品尝,我不自觉地暗诵起成彦雄的诗“凝是口中血,滴成枝上花”,心里更生出一份凄美的意绪。 然而,我就是为这映山红而来的吗?这已是第四次登宝天曼了,那些蒙椴、紫荆、华榛、领春木、红桦等奇花     

大白杜鹃、美容杜鹃和喇叭杜鹃的组织培养

1植物名称大白杜鹃(Rhododen drondecorum Franch.)、美容杜鹃(Rhododendron calophytum Franch.)、喇叭杜鹃(Rhododendron discolor Franch.)。2材料类别幼嫩茎段。3培养条件基本培养基为改良MS。(1)诱导愈伤组织培养基:改良MS NAA0.2mg·L-1(单位下     

杜鹃花赏析

杜鹃花是我国传统观赏花卉。从种类、起源分布及生境的角度描述了杜鹃花的概况,从色、型、姿、韵的角度分析了杜鹃花的特色特点,从引种、栽培、生产及育种的角度简述了杜鹃花的研究进展,以提高对杜鹃花的赏析水平。     

Rhododendron im Tatragebirge

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Growth pattern ofAbies mariesii saplings under conditions of open-growth and suppression

The growth pattern was analysed forAbies mariesii Mast. saplings in the subalpine climax forests of the northern Yatsugatake Mountains, Central Japan. The lateral branches were distinguished from the trunk not only with respect to the branching habits and needle arrangement but also with respect to the distribution of dry matter to needles, the slenderness of shoot-stem and the longevity of needles on them. Based on these differences, the contribution of the trunk and lateral branches to the matter production function of saplings is discussed. The lateral branches showed plastic changes in their growth characters in order to expand and maintain an assimilation system effectively, under conditions of suppression. In addition, the trunk growth was inhibited compared with the lateral branch growth and the apical dominance among lateral branches was weakened in the suppressed saplings. It was concluded that these growth habits resulted in the observed difference in the crown shape of saplings in the different habitats. Arguments are presented regarding the adaptive meanings of such a growth pattern for the shade tolerance and survival of the saplings and for the regeneration of the forest.     

Growth allocation between height and stem diameter in nonsuppressed reproducing Abies mariesii trees

To understand the growth patterns with respect to competition and leaf‐mass increase in reproducing trees, growth allocation between height and stem diameter was examined for nonsuppressed reproducing Abies mariesii trees in a subalpine forest in northern Honshu, Japan. The growth allocation was analyzed by dividing the relative growth rate of the stem volume into the relative contributions of height and stem‐diameter growth. During a 9‐yr period, height growth and seed‐cone production showed obvious annual variation, while stem‐diameter growth recorded moderate variation. For two of three years of seed‐cone production during the 9‐yr period, trees with larger seed‐cone production were associated with less height growth in the following year of seed‐cone production; however, there was no trend of height growth in the year of seed‐cone production. In the following year of mast seeding, trees with larger stem‐volume growth were associated with less height growth. This trend was also shown for the relationship between the cumulative stem‐volume growth during the 9‐yr period and growth allocation to height, suggesting that trees with a larger biomass increase depress the allocation of photosynthate to competition with a large expenditure for reproduction. In contrast to this, trees with a smaller biomass increase might allocate photosynthate to competition with surrounding trees. The results of this study suggest that an increase in reproductive organs during life history and annual variation in reproduction are closely associated with the growth patterns of the stem in A. mariesii trees.