细锥香茶菜的二萜成分

我们曾从四川产细锥香茶菜[Rabdosia coetsa(Buch-Ham. ex D. Don) Hara]中分离鉴定了4个二萜化合物。此次从云南泸水县产的细锥香茶菜干叶中分离鉴定了两个二萜化合物,一个为细锥香茶菜乙素(4),一个为4-epi-henryineA(1)。     

叶穗香茶菜的二萜成分

从云南省中甸县产叶穗香茶菜[Rabdosia phyllostachys(Diels)Hara]叶中分得1个新二萜化合物,命名为叶穗香茶菜乙素(phyllostachysin B),经各项波谱数据确定,叶穗香茶菜乙素为6β,11β,14β—三羟基-15α-乙酰氧基-对映-贝壳杉-16-烯-20 醛-7-酮。另一个为已知化合物叶穗香茶菜甲素(phyllostachysin A)。     

近无毛灰岩香茶菜的研究

从云南省会泽县产近无毛灰岩香茶莱〔Rabdosia calcicola (Hand. -Mazz.) Hara var. subculva (Hand. -Mazz.) C. Y. Wu et H. W. Li〕叶中分得两个二萜化合物,一个为新化合物,命名为灰岩香茶菜甲素(calcieolin A),另一个为已知化合物维西香茶菜甲素(weisiensin A),经各项光谱数据和化学反应确定,灰岩香茶菜甲素为3β-羟基-1α,6α,7β,11β-四乙酰氧基-对映-贝壳杉-16-烯-15-酮(1);维西香茶菜甲素结构应为3β,6α-二羟基-1α,7β,11β-三乙酰氧基-对映—贝壳杉-16-烯-15酮(2)。     

细叶香茶菜中两个新的对映-贝壳杉烷二萜化合物

从云南中甸产细叶香茶菜(Isodon tenuifolia (W. W. Smith) Kudo)的地上部分分离得到6个化合物, 它们的结构通过波谱方法得到鉴定。其中化合物1和2为新的对映-贝壳杉烷二萜化合物, 即细叶香茶菜甲素(3β,6α,15β-trihydroxy-1α,7β-diacetoxy-11β,16β-epoxy-ent-kaurane) (1) 和细叶香茶菜乙素(1α,6α,11β-trihydroxy-3β,7β-diacetoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-15-one) (2)。     

腺花香茶菜中的对映-贝壳杉烯类二萜化合物

从昆明产腺花香茶菜(Isodon adenanthus (Diels) Kudo)的地上部分分离到8个化合物,通过波谱分析鉴定,化合物1-3为新的对映-贝壳杉烯类二萜化合物,命名为腺花香茶菜素N、0和P;4个已知二萜为白叶香茶菜戊素(4)、无毛狭叶香茶菜素C(5)、腺花香茶菜甲素(6)和白叶香茶菜乙素(7),同时得到一个高度不饱和脂肪酸9,16-二羰基-10,12,14-三烯-十八碳酸(8)。根据ROESY波谱,对化合物4的结构进行了修正。化合物1对K562细胞显示出明显的细胞毒活性(IC50=0．45μg／mL)。     

腺花香茶菜中的对映-贝壳杉烯类二萜化合物

从昆明产腺花香茶菜(Isodon adenanthus(Diels)Kudo)的地上部分分离到8个化合物,通过波谱分析鉴定,化合物1～3为新的对映-贝壳杉烯类二萜化合物,命名为腺花香茶菜素N、O和P;4个已知二萜为白叶香茶菜戊素(4)、无毛狭叶香茶菜素C(5)、腺花香茶菜甲素(6)和白叶香茶菜乙素(7),同时得到一个高度不饱和脂肪酸9,16-二羰基-10,12,14-三烯-十八碳酸(8).根据ROESY波谱,对化合物4的结构进行了修正.化合物1对K562细胞显示出明显的细胞毒活性(IC50=0.45 μg/mL).     

胶粘香茶菜素的化学结构

从胶粘香茶菜叶的乙醚提取物中分得两个二萜化合物‘经各项光谱数据和化学反应确定,其中一个为四环二萜化合物,对映-贝壳杉烷-16β,17-二醇(ent-kauran-16β,17-diol)(1);另一个为三环二萜对映-异海松烷型(ent-isopimarane type)新化合物,命名为胶粘香茶菜素(glutinosin)(2)。对映-异海松烷型二萜化合物的分离和鉴定,对于从化学上阐明香茶菜属植物中大量存在的对映-贝壳杉烯型四环二萜化合物的生源关系有一定的学术意义。     

细叶香茶菜中两个新的对映—贝壳杉烷二萜化合物

从云南中甸产细叶香茶菜 (Isodontenuifolia (W .W .Smith)Kudo)的地上部分分离得到 6个化合物 ,它们的结构通过波谱方法得到鉴定。其中化合物 1和 2为新的对映_贝壳杉烷二萜化合物 ,即细叶香茶菜甲素 (3β ,6α ,15 β_trihydroxy_1α ,7β_diacetoxy_11β ,16 β_epoxy_ent_kaurane) (1)和细叶香茶菜乙素 (1α,6α ,11β_trihydroxy_3β,7β_diacetoxy_ent_kaur_16_en_15_one) (2 )。     

细锥香茶菜甲素和乙素的化学结构

从细锥香茶菜中分得两个新的二萜类化合物,命名为细锥香茶菜甲素和乙素(coetsinA&B)根据其光谱和化学数据,推定其化学结构为[1]和[2]。     

紫萼香茶菜甲素的结构

从紫萼香茶菜叶的乙醚提取物中分得一个新的二萜化合物,命名为紫萼香茶菜甲素(rabdoforrestin A),根据波谱和化学证据,其结构为对映-11β-羟基-2α,3α,6β,7α-四乙酰氧基-16-贝壳杉烯-15-酮(ent-11β-hydroxy-2α,3α,6β,7α-tetraacetoxy-16-kauren-15-one)。另外还分离到已知黄酮化合物线蓟素(cirsilioi 4)。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.