New species of Habracanthus (Acanthaceae) from Ecuador

Four new Ecuadorian species ofHabracanthus,H. asplundii from Pichincha,H. laxus andH. lugonis from Tungurahua, andH. luteynii from Napo, are described, illustrated, and compared with their closest relatives.     

New genera and species of ericaceae (Vaccinieae) from Costa Rica and Panama

Two new monotypic genera,Didonica andUtleya, are described, withD. pendula from Panama andU. costaricensis from Costa Rica.Disterigma trimera (Panama),D. utleyorum (Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador),Lateropora santafeensis (Panama),Lysiclesia panamensis (Panama),Macleania talamancensis (Costa Rica),Themistoclesia costaricensis (Costa Rica) andT. horquetensis (Panama),Vaccinium costaricense andV. orosiense (both from Costa Rica) and V.jefense (Panama) are all described as new. New combinations are provided for the PanamanianVaccinium floccosum (=Symphysia floccosa) and the West IndianVaccinium racemosum (=Symphysia racemosa). Keys are provided for the Central American species ofDisterigma andThemistoclesia, the species ofLateropora andLysiclesia, and the Costa Rican and Panamanian species ofVaccinium. Six new species are illustrated.     

New species and combinations in Houstonia (Rubiaceae)

Two new species are described:Houstonia butterwickiae from Texas andH. teretifolia from Mexico, and two new combinations are made:H. acerosa subsp.polypremoides andH. mullerae.     

Two new species of Hechtia (Bromeliaceae,Pitcairnioideae) from western Mexico

Hechtia glauca andHechtia iltisii are described as new and illustrated. Among the Bromeliaceae H. glauca is unusual in its glabrous, glaucous leaf surfaces. Inflorescence and floral dimorphisms are discussed forH. glauca andH. iltisii. A key to species ofHechtia from Novo-Galiciana and adjacent parts of Michoacan is included.     

Five new species of Heteropterys (Malpighiaceae) from Central and South America

Five-new taxa ofHeteropterys H. B. K. subsect.Aptychia Nied. are described, illustrated, and mapped:H. andina from Peru;H. minutiflora from Costa Rica; andH. bullata, H. capixaba, andH. oberdanii, from the Atlantic coastal forest of Brazil. The affinities and diagnostic characters of each species are discussed.     

Miscellaneous mistletoe notes, 1–9

Three new species,Cladocolea biflora Kuijt,Struthanthus condensatus Kuijt, andS. lojae Kuijt are described and six new combinations,Cladocolea diversifolia (Benth.) Kuijt,C. lenticellata (Diels) Kuijt,Dendrophthora virgata (Trel.) Kuijt,Korthalsella chilensis (Hook. & Arn.) Kuijt,Phthirusa retroflexa (Ruiz & Pavon) Kuijt, andStruthanthus flexilis (Rusby) Kuijt are proposed. Nomenclature of two more neotropical Loranthaceae,Psittacanthus ramiflorus (DC.) G. Don andStruthanthus interruptus (H.B.K.) Blume is revised.     

Mycopteris,a new neotropical genus of grammitid ferns (Polypodiaceae)

Mycopteris, a new genus of grammitid ferns, is described and combinations are made for the species that belong to it. Mycopteris is diagnosed by castaneous rhizome scales with turgid cells, usually pectinate laminae, blackish petioles and rachises, blackish pinna costae and veins, reddish setae, cretaceous hydathodes, glabrous sporangia, and the presence of Acrospermum ascomes. It is entirely neotropical, ranging from Mexico east into the West Indies and south to Bolivia. Mycopteris is one of two genera of grammitid ferns that are consistently associated with Acrospermum, an epibiotic ascomycete that produces black clavate fruiting bodies. Seventeen species of Mycopteris are recognized here, including one new species (M. longipilosa) and one elevated from the rank of variety to species (M. costaricensis). The following additional combinations are made here: M. alsopteris, M. amphidasyon, M. attenuatissima, M. cretata, M. grata, M. leucolepis, M. leucostica, M. longicaulis, M. pirrensis, M. praeceps, M. semihirsuta, M. steyermarkii, M. subtilis, M. taxifolia, and M. zeledoniana. Lectotypes are chosen for Ctenopteris leucosticta, Polypodium amphidasyon, and Polypodium pectinatum var. hispidum. For each accepted species, full synonymy and geographical range are provided. Taxonomic discussion is provided for species not widely recognized in previous treatments.     

New names,combinations, and lectotypifications in Heterotheca (Compositae: Astereae)

The following new names and combinations are proposed:Heterotheca barbata (Rydb.) Semple,H. horrida subsp.cinerascens (S. F. Blake) Semple,H. fulcrata vararizonica Semple,H. fulcrata var.senilis (Wooton & Standley) Semple,H. oregona var.compacta (Keck) Semple,H. oregona var.rudis (Greene) Semple,H. oregona var.scaberrima (A. Gray) Semple,H. pumila (Greene) Semple,H. villosa var.pedunculata (Greene) V. Harms ex Semple, andH. zionensis Semple. The following chromosome numbers are reported for the first time:H. fulcrata var.arizonica, 2n=9 _II ;H. horrida subsp.cinerascens, 2n=18 _II ;H. pumila, 2n=9 _II ,2n=18 _II ;H. zionensis, 2n=9 _II .     

New species of Solanum section Geminata (Solanaceae) from South America

Fourteen new species ofSolanum sectionGeminata are described and illustrated. Eight of these,S. erosomarginatum, S. foetens, S. lasiocladum, S. lucens, S. ombrophilum, S. tanysepalum, S. tenuiflagellatum, andS. turgidum are from Venezuela.Solanum cucullatum andS. bellum are from Ecuador,S. abitaguense from Ecuador and northeastern Peru,S. amnicola andS. yanamonense from eastern Peru, andS. mapiricum from eastern Bolivia. Relationships of each of the species to others in its geographical area are discussed. Chromosome numbers are reported for ten of these new species.     

Two new species of Habracanthus (Acanthaceae) from Colombia

Two new Colombian species ofHabracanthus,H. malacus from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta andH. latifolius from the Sierra de Perijá, are described, illustrated, and compared withH. antipharmacus, their closest relative.     

A new series and three new species of Passiflora subgenus Astrophea from the Guianas

A new series,Passiflora ser.Carneae, and three new species are described inPassiflora subg.Astrophea:P. ascidia from Guyana and Venezuelan Guayana;P. balbis from Guyana, Venzuelan Guayana, and Amazonian Brazil; andP. saulensis from central French Guiana. A key to the 19 Guiana species ofPassiflora subg.Astrophea is provided.     

Four new species of genus Cordia (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) from Brazil

We describe four new species of Cordia (Cordiaceae) from Brazil: Cordia fusca, C. glabrifolia, C. restingae, and C. tarodae. These are illustrated, and data on habitat, phenology, and distribution are provided.     

The taxonomic affinities of Haplopappus linearifolius (Asteraceae-Astereae)

Haplopappus linearifolius has been referred by various authors to the monotypic genusStenotopsis, to the genusStenotus, and withH. parrasanus toHaplopappus sect.Stenotopsis. A re-evaluation of the taxonomic affinities ofH. linearifolius based on morphological, chemical, and phenological evidence supports the hypothesis that it andEricameria cooperi are closely related and that these two species stand apart from others inEricameria. Accordingly, a section withinEricameria is established to accommodate them, and two new combinations are made,Ericameria sect.Stenotopsis andE. linearifolia. Also, a new subspecies,E. cooperi subsp.bajacalifornica is proposed.     

New species and new combinations in Briquetia and Hochreutinera,and a discussion of the Briquetia generic alliance (Malvaceae)

Two new species ofBriquetia,B. sonorae andB. inermis, are described from northern Mexico, and another species that ranges from Mexico to Bolivia is transferred into the genus asB. spicata. The genus (previously known as monotypic, Paraguayan-Brazilian) is thereby enlarged from one species to four, and its geographical and morphological limits are greatly expanded. Also, a Mexican species ofAbutilon is transferred toHochreutinera, asH. amplexifolia, enlarging that genus from one to two species. On the basis of this new information, the limits of the informalBriquetia alliance are reconsidered; it is considered to include onlyBriquetia, Dirhamphis, andBatesimalva.     

Sphaeromeria,a genus closer to Artemisia than to Tanacetum (Asteraceae: Anthemideae)

A new species,Sphaeromeria ruthiae, from Zion National Park, and three new combinations,S. martirensis,S. compacta, andS. potentilloides var.nitrophila, are presented. Morphological and anatomical evidence is used to support the recognition ofSphaeromeria as distinct fromTanacetum.     

New Rubiaceae from the Brazilian Planalto

Three new species from Brazil,Hindsia irwinii, Manettia irwinii, andMitracarpus pusillus, are described. A new section,Brevicalyx, is erected for Hindsia irwinii, and another new section,Irwinianthus, forManettia irwinii.     

Rubiacearum Americanarum Magna Hama Pars XXXII. New Species and a New Combination in Coussarea (Coussareeae) from Western South America

The Neotropical genus Coussarea is species-rich and widely distributed but not well known. Seven new species are described here, documented mainly by recent botanical exploration: C. acrensis is found in western Brazil, C. boliviensis and C. mexiae in the mountains of northwestern Bolivia, and C. camposiana, C. maranonensis, C. pseudopilosula, and C. vasqueziana in Peru. The new combination C. insolita is based on Rudgea insolita from Colombia.     

Five new species of Solanum section Geminata (Solanaceae) from South America

Five new species of South AmericanSolanum are described:S. morii from French Guiana,S. superbum andS. tumescens from Bolivia,S. platycypellon from southern Bolivia and northern Argentina andS. gertii from southeastern Brazil. An illustration and distribution map for each species is provided and relationships to close relatives are discussed.