生物活性肽的生理功能及研究进展

随着人们生活水平的提高,伴随现代文明而来的各种富裕病如高血压、高血脂、肥胖病、糖尿病和癌症等越来越引起人们的关注,人们的消费观念已从单纯的吃饱吃好向防病治病方向转变。生物活性肽具有涉及神经、激素和免疫调节、抗血栓、抗高血压、抗胆固醇、抗细菌病毒、抗癌、抗氧化、清除自由基、改善氮素吸收关系和矿质运输、促生长、调节食品风味、口味、硬度等多种生理功能,被誉为21世纪人类健康的新宠儿。简述了生物活性肽的特点、生理功能及其研究进展。     

乳清蛋白及其生物活性肽血压调节功能研究进展

乳清蛋白既是优质蛋白来源,也是抗高血压生物活性肽的理想来源,开发具有调节血压功效的蛋白多肽类产品对未来临床高血压防治将发挥重要作用。文章综述了乳清蛋白生物活性肽血压调节功能的基本机制和研究现状,并对其未来发展趋势和应用前景进行了讨论。     

乳清蛋白生物活性肽研究进展

以乳清蛋白为原料,经过酶解或发酵等方法可以获得独特理化性质的生物活性肽。乳清蛋白生物活性肽来源广、活性强、分子量小,在食品和医药行业有很高的应用研究价值,已经成为研究热点。随着制备、分离纯化以及鉴定技术的不断发展和成熟,越来越多的乳清蛋白生物活性肽被发现。本研究主要综述了乳清蛋白生物活性肽的制备、分离纯化、鉴定方法以及生物功能,并展望了乳清蛋白生物活性肽应用前景,以期为功能性乳清蛋白生物活性肽产品的开发与应用提供参考。     

核桃肽生物活性的研究进展

综述了核桃肽的提取工艺及其抗氧化、抗疲劳、降血糖、免疫调节等生物活性。     

食源性生物活性肽免疫调节功能的研究

生物活性肽通常用来表示生物进行生命活动过程中起到调控作用的化学物质,它在机体内发挥了一系列作用。肽由相应的蛋白质所组成,在化学上通过电解能够获取蛋白水解物质,对免疫系统具有极大的调节作用。最近,因为其制备的原材料易于获取且其效用都非常显著,科学家们纷纷将调查研究的目光锁定其中。本研究对食源性生物活性肽的吸收机制、常见种类、制备方法以及研究现状进行了综述,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

噬菌体展示的豆蔻酰转移酶抑制肽序列结构和功能研究

对一个具有很强的抑制豆蔻酰转移酶活性的抑制肽噬菌体所展示的随机区１５肽序列ＴＷＰＶＶＨＧＡＣＲＡＨＧＨＣ进行关键氨基酸残基的单点,双点和缺失等一系列突变研究,以确定其功能区段。结果显示;Ｗ２Ａ,Ｈ６Ｎ和Ｈ６Ｒ突变抑制活性明显下降,Ｐ３Ａ,Ｖ４Ｖ５→Ｖ４Ａ５双点突变对活性也有一定的影响,而Ｖ４Ｖ５→Ｗ４Ｗ５,Ｈ１２Ｎ,Ｈ１４Ｎ,Ｃ９Ｓ,Ｃ１５Ｓ,ΔＣ１５,ΔＨ１４Ｃ１５和Δ９－Ｃ１５等突变对则基本上     

乳酪蛋白源生物活性肽的研究进展

酪蛋白是生物活性肽的重要来源,可以通过体内的胃肠消化和食品加工过程中的酶解将其释放出来。乳酪蛋白源的生物活性肽的生物学意义、对人类健康的影响和其在新型功能性食品加工中的作用具有重要的研究价值。     

酶法制备海洋活性肽及其功能活性研究进展

海洋生物活性肽(Marine biological active peptide)是从海洋生物中提取的具有优化机体代谢环境、有益于机体健康的一类多肽。酶法制备海洋生物活性肽是目前最常用的制备方法,是通过适当的蛋白酶水解海洋生物蛋白来制备生物活性肽的一种方法。海洋生物活性肽在降血压、抗氧化、抗凝血及抗菌等方面效果显著,对治疗和预防疾病具有巨大潜力。介绍海洋生物活性肽在酶解制备及其生物学功能方面国内外研究进展,为进一步开展海洋活性多肽研究提供参考。     

生物活性肽的辐射防护作用研究进展

对多种生物活性肽的辐射防护作用的研究进展进行了综述,为天然辐射防护剂的研发及临床应用提供科学依据。     

生物活性低聚肽生理功能的研究进展

相比多肽,低聚肽具有优异的吸收机制与生物活性,本文主要从生物活性低聚肽生理功能的角度综述生物活性低聚肽的研究进展,并对生物活性低聚肽的研究前景进行了展望。     

Evidence for the occurrence of two forms of β-lipotropin in rat pituitary

A peptide isolated from porcine gut according to its glucagon-like activity in liver (bioactive enteroglucagon) has been characterized immunologically, biologically and chemically: its potency relative to pancreatic glucagon in interacting with an antiglucagon antibody, hepatic glucagon-binding sites and hepatic adenylate cyclase was ～100%, 20% and 10%, respectively. In contrast, it is ～20-times more potent than glucagon in oxyntic glands, justifying the term ‘oxyntomodulin’. Chemically, it consists in the 29 amino acid-peptide glucagon elongated at its C-terminal end by the octapeptide Lys—Arg—Asn—Lys—Asn—Asn—Ile &;—Ala; accordingly, it is called ‘glucagon-37’     

Evidence that Borrelia burgdorferi immunodominant proteins p100, p94 and p83 are identical

Recently there have been reports on high-molecular mass components of Borrelia burgdorferi, namely the p100, p94 and p83, which claimed these proteins to be specific marker antigens for the serodiagnosis of late Lyme borreliosis. The nucleotide sequences of the p100 and p83 have been published. The alignment of the deduced N-terminal amino acid sequences with the N-terminal sequence of the p94 now provides evidence that all three proteins are identical.     

BioPD: a web-based information center for bioactive peptides

Bioactive peptide database (BioPD) is a web-based knowledge base that contains more than 1100 protein sequences from human, mouse and rat, which are putative or are known to be bioactive peptides. In addition to peptide sequences and the annotation, the database also contains gene sequences with annotation, protein interaction and disease data related to the peptides. Each entry has as many references as possible to support the information represented. BioPD consists of six parts: PROTEIN, GENE, DISEASE, LINKS, INTERACTION, and REFERENCE. The database is searchable through keyword, gene and protein name, receptor name, etc. The links to PDB, InterPro, Pfam, OMIM, etc. are provided in each entry. Thus BioPD is formed as an information center for the bioactive peptide and serves as a gateway for exploration of bioactive peptides. The database can be accessed at http://biopd.bjmu.edu.cn.     

Milk derived bioactive peptides and their impact on human health – A review

Milk-derived bioactive peptides have been identified as potential ingredients of health-promoting functional foods. These bioactive peptides are targeted at diet-related chronic diseases especially the non-communicable diseases viz., obesity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Peptides derived from the milk of cow, goat, sheep, buffalo and camel exert multifunctional properties, including anti-microbial, immune modulatory, anti-oxidant, inhibitory effect on enzymes, anti-thrombotic, and antagonistic activities against various toxic agents. Majority of those regulate immunological, gastrointestinal, hormonal and neurological responses, thereby playing a vital role in the prevention of cancer, osteoporosis, hypertension and other disorders as discussed in this review. For the commercial production of such novel bioactive peptides large scale technologies based on membrane separation and ion exchange chromatography methods have been developed. Separation and identification of those peptides and their pharmacodynamic parameters are necessary to transfer their potent functional properties into food applications. The present review summarizes the preliminary classes of bioactive milk-derived peptides along with their physiological functions, general characteristics and potential applications in health-care.     

马槟榔甜味蛋白N-和C-末端部分氨基酸顺序的测定

从马槟榔(Capparis masaikai)种子中曾分离出二种甜味蛋白,称为Mabinlin Ⅰ和Ⅱ,分子量分别为11.6kD和10.4kD。用Edmail降解和反相HPLC鉴定PTH-aa方法测定证明:二者的N末端均因焦谷氨酸环化而封闭。采用1mol/l HCl-甲醇溶液35℃处理24小时的方法可使之开环。二种蛋白N端肽8个氨基酸残基顺序均为:Pyroglutamic acid-Pro-Arg-Gly-Pro-Ala-Leu-Arg-。羧肽酶酶解的动态分析证明MaI羧端的氨基酸顺序为-Phe-Gln-Leu-Ala-Ser,MaⅡ为-Phe-Gln-Leu-Ala。其差别仅在于MaⅡ缺一个Ser,这一结果表明MaⅠ和MaⅡ的主要差异不是在端肽。