轮状病毒腹泻患儿检测结果分析

目的:探讨轮状病毒感染与天气因素之间的关系,以指导临床采取合理的防治策略.方法:采用免疫胶体金法对1155例腹泻患儿进行轮状病毒检测;收集2005年到2007年的天气资料;分别分析轮状病毒阳性患儿人次与温度、湿度之间变化的规律.结果:501份标本轮状病毒阳性,6m-24m年龄段婴幼儿阳性检出率最高.每年秋季(第33周时)随着周平均气温缓慢下降患儿人次开始逐渐上升,到第41周患儿人数达到最高峰,之后回落,达高峰前几周湿度也略有下降,表明天气因素与轮状病毒的传播有密切的关系.结论:秋季周平均气温、相对湿度是影响轮状病毒传播流行的自然因素.     

成人腹泻轮状病毒ELISA方法的建立和应用

本文通过特异性试验、阻断试验、交叉试验、敏感度试验和重复性试验,建立了成人腹泻轮状病毒一酶联免疫吸附试验法(ADRV—ELISA)。应用此法检测了全国20多个省区202份病人腹泻标本,检出率为91％。采用本ELISA、核酸电泳、电镜三种方法对48份病人腹泻标本进行了双盲法检测比较,结果三种方法的阳性检出率分别为100％、85.4％、56.25％(P<0.05)。实验结果表明,本ELISA应用于检测成人腹泻轮状病毒(ADRV),具有敏感度高。特异性强等优点。     

成人腹泻轮状病毒的血清流行病学

本文用对流电泳技术进行成人腹泻轮状病毒(ADRV)血清流行病学调查,发现我国大陆、香港及澳大利亚正常人群中,抗ADRV抗体阳性率都在20％以下,而发生过腹泻流行的地区,阳性率高达40％以上。在动物中,抗体反应谱广泛(猪、鸡、鸭、家鼠、大鼠、豚鼠、小鼠)。以猪(36.13％)和家鼠(46.66％)为最高,讨论了成人腹泻轮状病毒动物来源的可能性。     

流行性成人腹泻病人排出成人腹泻轮状病毒的持续时间

成人腹泻轮状病毒(Adult Diarrhoea Rotavirus,简称ADRV)是引起青壮年急性胃肠炎的主要病原之一,1983年至1985年在我国许多地区暴发流行,严重危害着人民健康,至今尚无治疗药物。因此,摸清病人排病毒情况或规律,对及时控制传染源,预防ADRV大量传播有着重要意义。现将本文实验结果报告如下。     

成人腹泻轮状病毒的提纯及其高价免疫血清的制备

本文采用交叉免疫电泳技术,首先提纯了成人腹泻轮状病毒(Adult DiarrhoeaRotavirus简称:ADRV),并经电镜确认,用作免疫抗原,首次制备了高价兔与豚鼠抗ADRV血清和小鼠抗ADRV腹水,其特异性经交叉免疫电泳和对流免疫电泳鉴定,其效价经酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测均在1:2,000以上。     

成人腹泻轮状病毒的分子流行病学调查

本文在我们先前研究的基础上,报道用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,对我国12个地区53份成人腹泻轮状病毒(Adull Diarrhea Rotavirus, 简称 ADRV)的核酸(RNA)进行了分析。研究结果表明,我国各地流行的ADRV具有共同而独特的RNA图型,同时首次观察到不同地区的成人蝮泻轮状病毒RNA在电冰迁移率上存在着微小的差别;这意味着我国目前流行的AI)R、为一群基因图型基本相似,而在毒株间存在着微小的变异。     

腹泻患儿粪便A群轮状病毒抗原检测的结果分析

目的：了解本地区腹泻婴幼儿的A群轮状病毒感染情况及其流行特点。方法：采用胶体金法对我院2009年10月-2010年9月2104例有腹泻和肠炎特征的婴幼儿粪便进行A群轮状病毒抗原检测。结果：在2104例受检者中,A群轮状病毒感染的总阳性率是24．71％,其中男性感染率24．17％,女性为25．40％。不同年龄组间以1—2岁婴幼儿感染率最高,为32．13％,0-1岁为20．72％,2-5岁为12．03％。感染的季节特征是秋末冬初季（10—12月）阳性率最高,为42．82％,春末夏初季（4．6月）最低,为8．81％。结论：由A群轮状病毒感染引发的急性腹泻主要发生在1-2岁的婴幼儿,各个季节均有发生,以秋末冬初季为高发。     

A Monoclonal Antibody Defining Human B Cell Differentiation Antigen (HLB-1 Antigen)

A new monoclonal antibody specific for human B cell differentiation antigen (HLB-1) is produced by a hybridoma established by fusion of splenocytes of mice immunized with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed peripheral B cell line, RPMI-8057. This monoclonal, antibody designated anti-HLB-1 monoclonal antibody (anti-HLB-1), reacted with surface immunoglobulin (sIg)-positive B cells of normal peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues and sIg-positive leukemic cells. The cells of T cell leukemia, non-T non-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and nonlymphoid leukemia were HLB-1 negative. These data were further confirmed by studying a panel of cultured human hematopoietic cell lines. Anti-HLB-1 reacted with B cell lines derived from pre-B, Burkitt's lymphoma, B cell type ALL and EBV-transformed peripheral B cells. Anti-HLB-1 was reactive with only one of three human myeloma cell lines, and with none of the T cell, myeloid and non-T non-B ALL cell lines. This newly defined HLB-1 antigen is different from other conventional human B cell markers such as sIg, Ia antigens, and receptors for the Fc portion of Ig and complement C3.     

Isolation of antigen/antibody complexes through organic solvent (ICOS) method

We developed a method termed ICOS (isolation of antigen-antibody complexes through organic solvent) for comprehensive isolation of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) bound to molecules on the cell surface. By mixing a large number of phage particles of an antibody (Ab) library with living cells, antigen (Ag)-Ab complexes were formed on the cell surface. The mixture was overlaid on organic solution in a tube and subjected to centrifugation. Phages bound to cells were recovered from the precipitate. The phage fraction isolated turned out to contain mAbs that bind to very heterogeneous epitopes and show strong binding activity to Ags. The ICOS method was applied to isolation of human mAbs that may be therapeutic against cancers. Sixty percent of clones isolated by the screening of a phage Ab library against cancer cells turned out to bind to various kinds of tumor-associated Ags. The precise protocol of ICOS method and the rationale of efficient screening were described.     

应用病毒感染细胞酶联免疫吸附试验检测肾综合征出血热病毒抗原和抗体

应用病毒感染细胞酶联免疫吸附试验(VIC-ELISA)检测肾综合征出血热病毒(HFRSV)感染性滴度比双抗体间接ELISA和间接免疫荧光法(IFA)分别敏感10倍和100倍。VIC-ELISA检测兔抗HFRSV抗体的滴度比双抗体间接夹心ELISA和IFA分别敏感1.6倍和8倍。VIC-ELISA能敏感、快速、有效地检测HFRSV抗原和抗体。     

Radial Immunodiffusion: a Simple and Rapid Method for Detection of Marek''s Disease Antigen(s)

A qualitative radial immunodiffusion technique is described which detects antigen(s) in feathers from live or dead chickens infected with Marek's disease herpesvirus. Antiserum, which is incorporated into a support medium, reacts with antigen(s) in the feather tip producing a radial precipitin ring. Antigen(s) was detected in 93.3% of experimentally inoculated chickens 21 days postinoculation and in 100% of infected birds subsequently tested through 6 weeks. No antigen was detectable in the feathers of uninoculated control chickens. The technique is simple and rapid to perform. Positive tests could be detected after 1 to 2 hours of incubation. Antigen detection by the radial immunodiffusion test correlated well with other criteria of infection. This technique should have application as a laboratory research tool and as an adjunct for a rapid flock diagnosis of Marek's disease.     

Radial Immunodiffusion: a Simple and Rapid Method for Detection of Marek's Disease Antigen(s)

A qualitative radial immunodiffusion technique is described which detects antigen(s) in feathers from live or dead chickens infected with Marek''s disease herpesvirus. Antiserum, which is incorporated into a support medium, reacts with antigen(s) in the feather tip producing a radial precipitin ring. Antigen(s) was detected in 93.3% of experimentally inoculated chickens 21 days postinoculation and in 100% of infected birds subsequently tested through 6 weeks. No antigen was detectable in the feathers of uninoculated control chickens. The technique is simple and rapid to perform. Positive tests could be detected after 1 to 2 hours of incubation. Antigen detection by the radial immunodiffusion test correlated well with other criteria of infection. This technique should have application as a laboratory research tool and as an adjunct for a rapid flock diagnosis of Marek''s disease.     

重组HCV NS5区蛋白抗原在丙型肝炎检测中的应用

对ＨＣＶ ＮＳ５区部分基因进行了克隆表达,获得优质ＮＳ５区蛋白抗原。通过对不同人群抗－ＮＳ５检测表明,随访３年和６年的输血后丙肝病例抗－ＮＳ５阳性率分别为７０．５％和８０．９％,随访８年和１１年慢性丙肝病例分别为５０．７％和８２．４％。一般人群阳性率仅为１．７％,正常献血员中未检出阳性。     

Detection and Assay of Avian Tumor Virus Group-Specific Antigen and Antibody by the Paired Radioiodine-Labeled Antibody Technique

The paired radioiodine-labeled antibody technique (PRILAT) was applied to the detection and quantitation of avian tumor virus group-specific (gs) antigens and antibody. The technique proved to be specific, repeatable, and appreciably more sensitive than the microcomplement-fixation test for avian leukosis (COFAL). The PRILAT facilitated direct measurement of comparative antigen content of several types of transformed, neoplastic, or virus-infected cells and the magnitude of nonspecific antibody binding by appropriate control cells. The versatility of the technique was illustrated by application to the detection and quantitation of gs antibody content of chicken, turkey, pigeon, and hamster sera. Antibodies were detected in COFAL-negative sera from hamsters bearing tumors induced by the Schmidt-Ruppin strain of Rous sarcoma virus. Sera from chickens bearing similar tumors were not positive for gs antibodies, although sera from turkeys and chickens immunized with avian leukosis virus did contain gs antibodies.     

猪圆环病毒2型及猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒的快速检测

According to the published genome sequences of Porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),primers were designed and PCR,RT-PCR were set up for the detection of PCV2 and PRRSV,respectively,With the established methods,38 clinical samples from the respiratory disease pigs were detected for the presence of PCV2 and PRRSV. The results demonstrated that 22 samples were positive for PCV2,27 samples were positive for PRRSV and among the above positive samples,18 samples were positive for both viruses,The data obtained in the present study indicated that PCV2 and PRRSV maybe play an important role in the course of the development of respiratiory diseases.