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乳链菌肽 (Nisin)是乳酸乳球菌乳酸亚种 (Lactococcuslactissubsp.lactis)某些菌株产生的一种小肽 ,亦称之为乳酸链球菌肽或乳酸链球菌素。由于它对许多革兰氏阳性菌 ,包括葡萄球菌 (Staphylococcus)、梭菌 (Clostridium)、芽孢杆菌 (Bacillus)、利斯特氏菌 (Listeria)等造成食品严重危害的腐败菌有强烈抑制作用 ,并对人体安全无毒 ,是人们广为应用的一种天然食品防腐剂 ,已被全世界 5 0多个国家和地区用于乳制品、罐头食品、植物蛋白食品、肉制品的防腐保鲜。… 相似文献
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乳链菌肽Nisin的生物合成及表达调控机制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
乳链菌肽Nisin是乳酸乳球菌(Lactococcus lactis)产生的一种多肽类抗菌物质,是一种由34个氨基酸组成的羊毛硫细菌素。与Nisin合成有关的基因有11个,构成一个基因簇nisA(Z)BTCIPRKFEG。这些相关基因组成三个操纵子进行转录,分别是nisA(Z)BTCIP、nisRK和nisFEG。Nisin通过NisRK双组分调节系统诱导自身合成,而NisI和NisFEG赋予了Nisin产生菌对Nisin的免疫性。对于Nisin的生物合成机制人们展开了非常广泛的研究。本文对Nisin的结构、Nisin合成相关的基因簇、Nisin的生物合成及表达调控机制以及Nisin产生菌对Nisin的免疫性进行了综述。 相似文献
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用本实验室获得的乳链菌肽高产菌株乳酸乳球菌AL2总DNA为供体,以λ EMBL3为载体,构建了该菌株的基因文库,共获得3900多个噬斑。通过Southern杂交、PCR扩增及DNA序列测定,证实从该文库中筛选到一个含有完整乳链菌肽生物合成基因簇的重组噬菌体λHJ|3。 相似文献
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乳链菌肽是某些乳酸乳球菌产生的细菌素,是目前发现的各种细菌素中最重要的一种。因其具有较大经济价值而研究最为深入,有关它的理化性质及其应用已有文献报道。细菌素这类抗菌物质都是多肽或蛋白质,有分子量小,且结构复杂的特点。Kleanhammer等依据细菌素的分子量大小,热稳定性及修饰氨基酸等因素,把乳酸菌产生的抗菌蛋白质分为三类:1.热稳定的小肽2.热敏感的大蛋白质3.修饰性朋肽。它们的生物合成方式有核 相似文献
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氨基酸微量元素螯合物在动物营养中的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从氨基酸微量元素螯合物的结构性质、生物利用率、营养特性、作用机理、制备、检测技术和生产应用现状等几个方面综述了它在动物营养中的最新研究进展,并就其存在问题和发展前景作了阐述。 相似文献
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乳链菌肽(Nisin)的研究进展 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Nisin亦称乳链菌肽或乳酸链球菌素 ,源于 N群链球菌抑菌物质 (Group N Inhibitory Substance.Mattick,Hirsch1947) ,它是由一些乳酸链球菌产生的一种小分子多肽抗菌物质或细菌素。Nisin的作用范围相对较窄 ,它仅对大多数革兰阳性菌起抑制作用 ,如葡萄球菌、链球菌、乳球菌、微球菌、单核细胞增生利斯特菌、分枝杆菌、棒状杆菌等 ,并能抑制芽胞杆菌属或梭状芽胞杆菌属胞子的形成 ,但对真菌或革兰阴性菌没有作用 [1~ 4] 。最近研究表明 Nisin与某种物质连接 ,如EDTA二钠以及一些因素的协同下如降低作用时的温度、增加作用时的压力等 [5… 相似文献
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Nisin Biosynthesis and its Properties 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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木质素生物合成及其基因工程研究进展 总被引:29,自引:0,他引:29
木质素是维管植物的一种主要组成成分,是植物适应陆地环境的重要特征之一.然而,它的存在严重影响植物材料在造纸工业与畜牧业生产中的应用,因此其生物合成调控的研究引起人们极大关注.随着各种分析技术和手段的提高,该领域研究取得了突破性的进展.该文重点阐述这些新进展,同时较系统地介绍利用基因工程技术调控木质素生物合成的研究成果,并提出一些关于更有效地利用生物技术手段改良造纸资源植物品质的建议. 相似文献
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由环己酮生物合成己内酯的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
从本实验室保藏菌种中分离筛选出一株能够以环己酮作为唯一碳源的菌株,初步鉴定为邻单胞菌属,并对其产物进行CC/MS定性,发现有己内酯生成,存在Baeyer-villiger反应.文章还探讨了pH,装液量,底物浓度,培养时间,温度以及转速等条件对细菌生长的影响,并进一步研究了细菌的底物广谱性,发现此菌能够利用与环己酮具有相似结构的环戊酮等有机物. 相似文献
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Carolin Hacker Nina A. Christ Elke Duchardt-Ferner Sophie Korn Christoph G?bl Lucija Berninger Stefanie Düsterhus Ute A. Hellmich Tobias Madl Peter K?tter Karl-Dieter Entian Jens W?hnert 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2015,290(48):28869-28886
Many Gram-positive bacteria produce lantibiotics, genetically encoded and posttranslationally modified peptide antibiotics, which inhibit the growth of other Gram-positive bacteria. To protect themselves against their own lantibiotics these bacteria express a variety of immunity proteins including the LanI lipoproteins. The structural and mechanistic basis for LanI-mediated lantibiotic immunity is not yet understood. Lactococcus lactis produces the lantibiotic nisin, which is widely used as a food preservative. Its LanI protein NisI provides immunity against nisin but not against structurally very similar lantibiotics from other species such as subtilin from Bacillus subtilis. To understand the structural basis for LanI-mediated immunity and their specificity we investigated the structure of NisI. We found that NisI is a two-domain protein. Surprisingly, each of the two NisI domains has the same structure as the LanI protein from B. subtilis, SpaI, despite the lack of significant sequence homology. The two NisI domains and SpaI differ strongly in their surface properties and function. Additionally, SpaI-mediated lantibiotic immunity depends on the presence of a basic unstructured N-terminal region that tethers SpaI to the membrane. Such a region is absent from NisI. Instead, the N-terminal domain of NisI interacts with membranes but not with nisin. In contrast, the C-terminal domain specifically binds nisin and modulates the membrane affinity of the N-terminal domain. Thus, our results reveal an unexpected structural relationship between NisI and SpaI and shed light on the structural basis for LanI mediated lantibiotic immunity. 相似文献
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王丽霞 《氨基酸和生物资源》2013,35(1):46-50
氨基酸微量元素螯合物是一种新型营养元素添加剂,因其具有稳定性好、易消化吸收、生物效价高、抗干扰性强等优势而备受微量元素营养研究的关注,并在动物饲料添加剂行业中得到广泛应用。就氨基酸微量元素螯合物的定义及分类、结构及营养特性、合成方法进展和在各个领域的应用进行综述,并对其前景予以讨论。 相似文献
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csrA基因产物是大肠杆菌芳香族氨基酸生物合成途径中碳中心代谢有关的一种全局性调控蛋白质。采用Red敲除系统介导的同源重组的方法定位缺失大肠杆菌染色体csrA基因,经PCR、DNA测序等多种方法证实了基因重组缺失的可靠性。csrA基因缺失后,缺失菌株较对照菌株,糖酸转化率有所提高,发酵生产苯丙氨酸的能力也得到一定的提高,产酸提高约13%。 相似文献
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Nisin F in the treatment of respiratory tract infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Aims: To determine the antimicrobial activity of nisin F against Staphylococcus aureus in the respiratory tract.
Methods and Results: The respiratory tract of nonimmunosuppressed and immunosuppressed Wistar rats were colonized with 4 × 105 viable cells of S. aureus K and then treated by administering 8192 arbitrary units (AU) nisin F intranasal. Symptoms of pneumonia were detected in the trachea and lungs of immunosuppressed rats that had not been treated with nisin F. The trachea and lungs of immunosuppressed rats treated with nisin F were healthy. No significant differences were recorded in blood cell indices. The antimicrobial activity of low concentrations nisin F (80–320 AU ml−1 ) was slightly stimulated by lysozyme and lactoferrin.
Conclusions: Nisin F inhibited the growth of S. aureus K in the respiratory tract of immunocompromised rats. Treatment with nisin F at 8192 AU proofed safe, as the trachea, lungs, bronchi and haematology of the rats appeared normal.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Nisin F is nontoxic and may be used to control respiratory tract infections caused by S. aureus . This is, however, a preliminary study with an animal model and need to be confirmed with studies on humans. 相似文献
Methods and Results: The respiratory tract of nonimmunosuppressed and immunosuppressed Wistar rats were colonized with 4 × 10
Conclusions: Nisin F inhibited the growth of S. aureus K in the respiratory tract of immunocompromised rats. Treatment with nisin F at 8192 AU proofed safe, as the trachea, lungs, bronchi and haematology of the rats appeared normal.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Nisin F is nontoxic and may be used to control respiratory tract infections caused by S. aureus . This is, however, a preliminary study with an animal model and need to be confirmed with studies on humans. 相似文献
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Nisin production was improved under nutritional limitation in fed-batch culture of Lactococcus lactis. Nisin titre reached 3887 IU ml(-1) by a slow feeding of sucrose and 4131 IU ml(-1) by slow feeding of nitrogen source, which were, respectively, 64% and 74% above the values in batch culture. 相似文献