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Daisuke Watanabe Satoshi Tashiro Dai Shintani Yukiko Sugimoto Akihiko Iwami Yasuhiro Kajiwara 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2019,83(8):1594-1597
ABSTRACTRim15p of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a Greatwall-family protein kinase that inhibits alcoholic fermentation during sake brewing. To elucidate the roles of Rim15p in barley shochu fermentation, RIM15 was deleted in shochu yeast. The disruptant did not improve ethanol yield, but altered sugar and glycerol contents in the mash, suggesting that Rim15p has a novel function in carbon utilization. 相似文献
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In yeast, external alkalization and alteration in plasma membrane lipid asymmetry are sensed by the Rim101 pathway. It is currently under debate whether the signal elicited by external alkalization is transduced to downstream molecules at the plasma membrane or via endocytosis of the Rim21 sensor protein at the late endosome. We found that the downstream molecules, including arrestin-related protein Rim8, calpain-like protein Rim13, and scaffold protein Rim20, accumulated at the plasma membrane upon external alkalization and that the accumulation was dependent on Rim21. Snf7, an endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) III subunit also essential for the Rim101 pathway, localized to the plasma membrane, in addition to the late endosome, under alkaline conditions. Snf7 at the plasma membrane but not at the late endosome was shown to be involved in Rim101 signaling. In addition, the Rim101 pathway was normally activated, even when endocytosis was severely impaired. Considering this information as a whole, we propose that Rim101 signaling proceeds at the plasma membrane. We also found that activity of the Rsp5 ubiquitin ligase was required for recruiting the downstream molecules to the plasma membrane, suggesting that ubiquitination mediates Rim101 signaling at the plasma membrane. 相似文献
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Yarrowia lipolytica is a dimorphic fungus that secretes either an acidic or an alkaline protease depending on the environmental pH. Previous
results have indicated that secretion of the alkaline protease is under control of the pH signaling Pal/Rim pathway originally
described in Aspergillus nidulans. Several Y. lipolytica mutants defective in some Rim components of this pathway have been previously isolated and the RIM genes characterized. In the present study, Y. lipolytica RIM9 (palI) gene (YlRIM9) was sequenced from a plasmid (AL414126) of the Genolevures project (the DNA sequence data for YlRIM9 gene has been deposited at EMBL with accession number AJ566902). The derived translation product contains 724 amino acids
with a predicted signal peptide and four transmembrane domains in its N-terminal region. We demonstrated that mutation in YlRIM9, as well as in other genes encoding members of the Pal/Rim pathway, did not affect the pH-dependent dimorphic transition
of Y. lipolytica. A different pathway must exist in this fungus that controls the effect of pH on dimorphism. 相似文献
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Rim15p, a Greatwall-family protein kinase in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is required for cellular nutrient responses, such as the entry into quiescence and the induction of meiosis and sporulation. In higher eukaryotes, the orthologous gene products are commonly involved in the cell cycle G2/M transition. How are these pleiotropic functions generated from a single family of protein kinases? Recent advances in both research fields have identified the conserved Greatwall-mediated signaling pathway and a variety of downstream target molecules. In addition, our studies of S. cerevisiae sake yeast strains revealed that Rim15p also plays a significant role in the control of alcoholic fermentation. Despite an extensive history of research on glycolysis and alcoholic fermentation, there has been no critical clue to artificial modification of fermentation performance of yeast cells. Our finding of an in vivo metabolic regulatory mechanism is expected to provide a major breakthrough in yeast breeding technologies for fermentation applications. 相似文献
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The endosomal sorting complex required for transport machinery influences haem uptake and capsule elaboration in Cryptococcus neoformans
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Guanggan Hu Mélissa Caza Brigitte Cadieux Erik Bakkeren Eunsoo Do Won Hee Jung James W. Kronstad 《Molecular microbiology》2015,96(5):973-992
Iron availability is a key determinant of virulence in the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Previous work revealed that the ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) protein Vps23 functions in iron acquisition, capsule formation and virulence. Here, we further characterized the ESCRT machinery to demonstrate that defects in the ESCRT‐II and III complexes caused reduced capsule attachment, impaired growth on haem and resistance to non‐iron metalloprotoporphyrins. The ESCRT mutants shared several phenotypes with a mutant lacking the pH‐response regulator Rim101, and in other fungi, the ESCRT machinery is known to activate Rim101 via proteolytic cleavage. We therefore expressed a truncated and activated version of Rim101 in the ESCRT mutants and found that this allele restored capsule formation but not growth on haem, thus suggesting a Rim101‐independent contribution to haem uptake. We also demonstrated that the ESCRT machinery acts downstream of the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway to influence capsule elaboration. Defects in the ESCRT components also attenuated virulence in macrophage survival assays and a mouse model of cryptococcosis to a greater extent than reported for loss of Rim101. Overall, these results indicate that the ESCRT complexes function in capsule elaboration, haem uptake and virulence via Rim101‐dependent and independent mechanisms. 相似文献
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Rim是囊泡分泌活性区中的重要组成蛋白,它与细胞分泌和突触可塑性相关.在秀丽隐感线虫中只存在一种编码Rim的基因即unc-10.我们的研究发现,在线虫中Rim的基因突变unc-10(md1117)会导致致密核心囊泡的分泌缺陷.在活体中,unc-10突变虫系的神经多肽分泌显著下降.此外,在主要分泌致密核心囊泡的ALA神经元内,钙光解释放促发的快相分泌也比野生型减少.运用全内反射荧光显微成像技术,我们观察在unc-10缺失的情况下ALA 神经元中致密核心囊泡的锚定过程,结果显示在细胞膜附近停留的囊泡数目减少,表明囊泡锚定受到阻碍.上述试验结果表明,UNC-10能够影响致密核心囊泡的分泌过程,其机制可能是影响了囊泡的锚定过程. 相似文献
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Yoko Kimura Mirai Tanigawa Junko Kawawaki Kenji Takagi Tsunehiro Mizushima Tatsuya Maeda Keiji Tanaka 《Eukaryotic cell》2015,14(10):976-982
Yeast Bro1 and Rim20 belong to a family of proteins which possess a common architecture of Bro1 and V domains. Alix and His domain protein tyrosine phosphatase (HD-PTP), mammalian Bro1 family proteins, bind YP(X)nL (n = 1 to 3) motifs in their target proteins through their V domains. In Alix, the Phe residue, which is located in the hydrophobic groove of the V domain, is critical for binding to the YP(X)nL motif. Although the overall sequences are not highly conserved between mammalian and yeast V domains, we show that the conserved Phe residue in the yeast Bro1 V domain is important for binding to its YP(X)nL-containing target protein, Rfu1. Furthermore, we show that Rim20 binds to its target protein Rim101 through the interaction between the V domain of Rim20 and the YPIKL motif of Rim101. The mutation of either the critical Phe residue in the Rim20 V domain or the YPIKL motif of Rim101 affected the Rim20-mediated processing of Rim101. These results suggest that the interactions between V domains and YP(X)nL motif-containing proteins are conserved from yeast to mammalian cells. Moreover, the specificities of each V domain to their target protein suggest that unidentified elements determine the binding specificity. 相似文献
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Shoily Khondker Joanna M. Kwiatek Gil-Soo Han George M. Carman 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2022,298(8)
Pah1 phosphatidate (PA) phosphatase plays a major role in triacylglycerol synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by producing its precursor diacylglycerol and concurrently regulates de novo phospholipid synthesis by consuming its precursor PA. The function of Pah1 requires its membrane localization, which is controlled by its phosphorylation state. Pah1 is dephosphorylated by the Nem1-Spo7 protein phosphatase, whereas its phosphorylation occurs by multiple known and unknown protein kinases. In this work, we show that Rim11, a yeast homolog of mammalian glycogen synthase kinase-3β, is a protein kinase that phosphorylates Pah1 on serine (Ser12, Ser602, and Ser818) and threonine (Thr163, Thr164, Thr522) residues. Enzymological characterization of Rim11 showed that its Km for Pah1 (0.4 μM) is similar to those of other Pah1-phosphorylating protein kinases, but its Km for ATP (30 μM) is significantly higher than those of these same kinases. Furthermore, we demonstrate Rim11 phosphorylation of Pah1 does not require substrate prephosphorylation but was increased ∼2-fold upon its prephosphorylation by the Pho85-Pho80 protein kinase. In addition, we show Rim11-phosphorylated Pah1 was a substrate for dephosphorylation by Nem1-Spo7. Finally, we demonstrate the Rim11 phosphorylation of Pah1 exerted an inhibitory effect on its PA phosphatase activity by reduction of its catalytic efficiency. Mutational analysis of the major phosphorylation sites (Thr163, Thr164, and Ser602) indicated that Rim11-mediated phosphorylation at these sites was required to ensure Nem1-Spo7-dependent localization of the enzyme to the membrane. Overall, these findings advance our understanding of the phosphorylation-mediated regulation of Pah1 function in lipid synthesis. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic structure and biogeography of the Pacific Rim clade of Sphagnum subgen. Subsecunda: haploid and allodiploid taxa
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A. Jonathan Shaw Blanka Shaw Matthew G. Johnson Nicolas Devos Hans K. Stenøien Kjell I. Flatberg Benjamin E. Carter 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2015,116(2):295-311
Although it is an uncommon distribution in seed plants, many bryophytes occur around the Pacific Rim of north‐western North America and eastern Asia. This work focuses on a clade of peatmosses (Sphagnum) that is distributed around the Pacific Rim region, with some individual species found across the total range. The goals were to infer divergent phylogenetic relationships among haploid species in the clade, assess parentage of allopolyploid taxa, and evaluate alternative hypotheses about inter‐ and intraspecific geographical range evolution. Multiple data sets and analyses resolved an ‘Alaska’ clade, distributed across western North America, eastern China and Japan, and an ‘Asia’ clade that includes western Chinese, Thai, Korean, eastern Chinese and Japanese lineages. Allopolyploids have arisen at least four times in the Pacific Rim clade of Sphagnum subgen. Subsecunda; it appears that all allopolyploid origins involved closely related haploid parental taxa. Biogeographical inferences were impacted by topological uncertainty and especially by the biogeographical model utilized to reconstruct ancestral areas. Most analyses converge on the conclusion that the ancestor to this clade of Pacific Rim Sphagnum species was widespread from Alaska south to eastern Asia, but a northern origin for the Alaska subclade was supported by one of the two biogeographical models we employed, under which it was robust to phylogenetic uncertainty. 相似文献
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Judy O. Wern 《Hydrobiologia》1993,266(1-3):81-87
The distribution and abundance of nemerteans in the brackish-water lakes of Sea Rim State Park, Texas, near the Louisiana
border, were studied and compared with other macrobenthos during one year. Six of 93 macrobenthic species collected were nemerteans
(0.9% of the total number of specimens). Only one species of nemertean, Carinoma sp., was consistently present. This species is the most ubiquitous and, probably, the most abundant nemertean in the estuarine
systems of the Texas coast. Carinoma sp. was collected at Sea Rim from a salinity range of 0–21 ppt and at other Texas estuaries from 2–26 ppt. Preliminary experiments
with Carinoma sp. as predator and as prey indicated that it feeds on polychaete worms and in turn is fed upon by white (Penaeus setiferus) and brown (P. aztecus) shrimp. 相似文献
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Rim101是一个具有锌指结构的转录因子,在调控酿酒酵母细胞耐受碱性和高盐环境、钙离子稳态、细胞分裂以及硒毒性方面起作用。前人研究结果显示,细胞周期依赖性激酶基因PHO85的缺失,导致Rim101蛋白在细胞核内积累。为了探索Rim101亚细胞定位的新调节因子,通过荧光显微镜技术对酿酒酵母细胞基因组中编码磷酸酶的73个非必需基因缺失株和编码激酶的139个非必需基因缺失株进行了筛选,发现编码磷脂酰肌醇磷酸(Ptd Ins P)的磷酸酶Sac1调控Rim101的亚细胞定位。 相似文献