牛血清蛋白酶联免疫试剂盒性能的验证

为了全面验证研制的牛血清蛋白(BSP)酶联免疫试剂盒的性能,由3个部门6人协作进行了验证。结果表明,,6人进行的18次试验全部满足BSP-ELISA试剂盒的质控标准,达标率100%;6名实验人员对3、4、5、10、20ng/ml浓度的BSP标准品进行测定,结果变异系数在1.96%~6.24%之间,精密度较好;回收率在94.8%~98.7%之间,准确度理想,测量限量为3ng/ml。该试剂盒与人血白蛋白、卵清蛋白等均无交叉反应,对BSA、B-IgG特异性蛋白的检测回收率为101.2%和94.7%;与牛血清白蛋白试剂盒对比测定11种疫苗总计108批,符合率为96.3%,针对不同疫苗,BSP残余量约为BSA的1.12~3.13倍,验证结果表明,该试剂盒可检测疫苗中BSP而不仅是BSA,能更全面客观地反映疫苗中牛血清的真实情况,有利于疫苗生产的严格质量监控。     

人巨细胞病毒IgG酶联免疫检测试剂盒的研制

为研制人巨细胞病毒 (HCMV)IgG酶联检测试剂盒 ,将HCMV接种人二倍体细胞 ,收获的病毒经纯化后用作包被抗原 ,辣根过氧化物酶 (HRP)标记羊抗人IgG为检测抗体 ,采用间接ELISA制备酶联免疫检测试剂盒并进行检定。该试剂盒操作简便、特异性强 ,稳定性、线性及精密性符合体外诊断试剂的要求。     

清洁级实验动物四种病毒抗体玻片酶免疫检测试剂盒的研制

本文报道对清洁级实验动物应排除的四种病毒（淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒、小鼠脱脚病病毒、鼠肝炎病毒和仙台病毒）抗体玻片酶免疫（ＥＩＡ）检测试剂盒的研制。四种病毒感染的细胞和对照细胞经冷丙酮固定于载玻片上制成特异性抗原和对照抗原,此四种病毒的抗血清各１０份和ＳＰＦ小鼠血清２０份分别与四种病毒的特异性抗原和对照抗原进行ＥＩＡ交叉试验,结果显示,抗原只与其相应抗血清发生特异性显色反应,与非特异性小鼠血清和ＳＰＦ小鼠血清不显色。与ＨＩ或ＥＬＩＳＡ方法比较,通过对１１２份普通小鼠血清进行测试,结果表明,ＥＩＡ对仙台病毒抗体的检出率（１９．６％）显著高于（＜０．００５）ＨＩ（６．３％）,对小鼠脱脚病病毒抗体的检出率（２３．３％）与ＨＩ（２１．４％）无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＥＩＡ对淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒和鼠肝炎病毒抗体的检出率分别为１．８％和７１．２％,ＥＬＩＳＡ对两种病毒抗体的检出率分别为１．８％和６７．６％,两种方法对两种病毒抗体的检出率无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。重复性试验表明两批四种病毒抗体试剂盒对１０８份小鼠血清两次测定的符合率为９６～１００％。四种病毒的ＥＩＡ抗原在－１８℃保存１２个月或在２－８℃保存３     

百日咳抗体酶联检测试剂盒的研制及其应用

为了研制百日咳抗体酶联检测试剂盒以调查吉林省2~8岁儿童百日咳、白喉及破伤风抗体水平。采用百日咳菌液经硫酸铵盐析、PBS溶液浸提及蔗糖密度梯度离心提取的PT和FHA作为包被抗原,辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记羊抗人IgG,作为抗体制备ELISA试剂盒。并经敏感性、特异性、重复性试验考查该试剂盒质量。结果显示,试剂盒敏感性可达0.0036 IU/m l;重复性较好,CV<4%。试剂盒置于37℃3d敏感性无明显变化。吉林省2~8岁儿童白喉、破伤风的抗体水平较高,百日咳的抗体水平相对较低。此方法制备的百日咳抗体酶联检测试剂盒的质量符合要求,可应用于临床检验与流行病学监测。     

以用牛血清蛋白生产纳米纤维

以色列技术学院机械工程系和海法卢瑟贝瑞技术研究所的科学家，利用从牛血中提取的天然蛋白，制成一种可用来生产新一代医用缝合线和绷带的纤维。     

核糖核酸酶保护分析试剂盒的研制与质量检测

目的:开发核糖核酸酶保护分析(RPA)试剂盒,用于组织和细胞mRNA定量分析。方法:参考国外RPA实验方法和试剂盒配方配制RPA试剂盒;以国外同类产品为标准,采用同位素标记探针检测该试剂盒的质量。结果:采用自行研制的核糖核酸酶保护实验试剂盒,检测β-肌动蛋白和亲环蛋白mRNA在小鼠肝脏的表达,其灵敏度与美国Ambion公司的RPAⅢ试剂盒相似。结论:研制的RPA试剂盒可用于组织和细胞mRNA的定量分析,其质量能够达到国外同类产品的标准。     

轮状病毒乳胶试剂盒的研制

用轮状病毒Ａ群单克隆抗体研制出轮状病毒抗原乳胶凝集试剂盒,并与轮状病毒ＥＬＩＳＡ试剂盒进行了比较。试验结果表明,轮状病毒抗原乳胶凝集试剂盒具有较高的特异性（９８７％）和敏感性（８６８％）,与ＥＬＩＳＡ试剂盒比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０１）,且操作简便快速、成本低廉     

酶联免疫吸附验试抗-HAV IgM试剂盒的研制与应用

应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELIsA)检测甲型肝炎(以下简称甲肝)病人血清中特异性IgM抗体,对甲型进行早期诊断,是特异敏感而实用的方法。1981年美国ABBOTT公司HAVAB—M EIA药盒问世以来,国外已广泛应用,国内也有不少单位建立了同类方法,但国内目前仍缺乏敏感性、特异性高的、批量生产的甲肝诊断试剂盒供应。     

残余牛血清白蛋白含量检测试剂盒抗干扰性研究

为了对目前使用的残余牛血清蛋白(BSA)含量检测试剂盒的抗干扰性进行评价,选用19个企业的12个品种,共计28份样品进行检测,包括冻干疫苗和液体疫苗两种剂型。分别检测15ng/ml BSA对照样品、二倍稀释的疫苗样品和添加15ng/ml BSA的疫苗样品。将添加BSA的疫苗样品的检测结果减去未添加BSA的疫苗样品的结果,其数值应当位于BSA对照样品均值的95%可信区间内。多数品种的疫苗添加BSA后回收率在85%和115%之间。个别制品的回收率在82%~83%之间。实验研究结果证明目前使用的BSA检测试剂盒具有较好的抗干扰作用。     

新型HCV EIA诊断试剂盒的研制

丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）基因组结构区核壳蛋白（Ｃ）区抗原、膜蛋白Ｅ１和Ｅ２区抗原,以及非结构区ＮＳ３－ＮＳ５区抗原的区段,已经在原核细胞中获得有效的表达。同时,相应区段中的优势抗原表位肽也经化学合成法大规模地制备。ＨＣＶ基因组上各区段抗原性的分析发现,由Ｃ区和ＮＳ３区分别编码的Ｃ抗原和Ｃ３３ｃ抗原是ＨＣＶ基因组上两个优势抗原区段。其相应的抗体出现早（感染后６周可检出抗Ｃ３３ｃ抗体）,阳转率高（约９９％阳性检出率）,特异性和重复性均优于其它区段抗原。以中国人ＨＣＶ的Ｃ３３ｃ重组蛋白和分支状合成肽ＭＡＰ－Ｃ－１９为复合抗原,研制了适合我国抗ＨＣＶ抗体检测的新型丙型肝炎病毒酶免疫测定（ＨＣＶＥＬＡ）诊断试剂盒。它同当代美国Ａｂｂｏｔｔ／ＵＢＩＨＣＶＥＬＡ诊断试剂的符合率约９８％,同加拿大ＹＥＳ公司ＨＣＶＥＩＡ诊断试剂的符合率约９７．８％,阳性检出率提高了约２％,３次重复性达１００％,表明其特异性、敏感性和重复性均达到了当代第二代ＪＣＶＥＬＡ诊断试剂的水平。我国人群中抗ＨＣＶ抗体的分布情况为：正常人群的检出率１％－２％;外科类住院病人检出率约２８．８％;肝炎患者抗ＨＣＶ阳性率为３４．４％,慢活肝、肝硬化和重症肝炎患者     

ELISA法检测疫苗中牛血清残留量的适用性研究

为了验证ELISA法对病毒性疫苗中残余牛血清蛋白检测的适用性,用牛血清蛋白ELISA测定法与牛血清白蛋白ELISA测定法、牛血清IgG-ELISA测定法对麻疹疫苗、风疹疫苗、腮腺炎疫苗洗涤前病毒培养液、洗涤后病毒收获液以及多种成品疫苗中的残余牛血清蛋白含量进行了测定。结果显示,麻疹疫苗、风疹疫苗、腮腺炎疫苗洗涤前病毒培养液中牛血清白蛋白含量依次为IgG含量的70.5倍、65倍、84.3倍,洗涤后病毒收获液中两者比值分别为4.2、1.8和8.1;牛血清白蛋白ELISA法和牛血清蛋白ELISA法均能检测出疫苗中牛血清白蛋白,但前者测不出牛血清IgG,而后者可准确检测牛血清IgG。牛血清蛋白ELISA测定法可同时检测牛血清白蛋白和牛血清IgG,更适用于疫苗残余牛血清蛋白含量的测定。     

A sandwich ELISA for bovine serum in viral vaccines

A double antibody sandwich ELISA for the detection of bovine serum in viral vaccines was developed and standardized with commercially available reagents. The detection limit by ELISA was 0.5 ng ml-1. ELISA was found to be 50-400 times more sensitive than the currently used assays. It was concluded that ELISA is a specific, sensitive and reproducible method for the determination of residual amounts of bovine serum in viral vaccines.     

Production and validation of a polyclonal serum against bovine FSH receptor

In ovarian granulosa cells, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulates the proliferation and differentiation events required for follicular growth and oocyte maturation. FSH actions are mediated exclusively through the FSH receptor (FSHR). In cattle, the FSHR gene expression pattern during folliculogenesis and the implications of this receptor in reproductive disorders have been extensively studied. However, the limited availability of specific antibodies against bovine FSHR has restricted FSHR protein analysis. In the present study, we developed an anti-FSHR polyclonal serum by using a 14-kDa peptide conjugated to maltose binding protein. The antiserum obtained was characterized by western blot of protein extracts from bovine follicles, BGC-1 cells and primary cultures of granulosa cells stimulated with testosterone. Also, the blocking effect of serum on estradiol secretion and cell viability after gonadotropin stimulus was characterized in a functional in vitro assay. A 76-kDa protein, consistent with the predicted molecular size of full-length FSHR, was detected in ovarian tissue. Besides, two immunoreactive bands of 60-kDa and 30-kDa (only in cultured cells) were detected. These bands would be related to some of the isoforms of the receptor. Therefore, immunohistochemical assays allowed detecting FSHR in the cytoplasm of granulosa cells and an increase in its expression as follicles progressed from primordial to large preantral follicles. These results suggest that the anti-FSHR serum here developed has good reactivity and specificity against the native FSHR. Therefore, this antiserum may serve as a valuable tool for future studies of the biological function of FSHR in physiological conditions as well as of the molecular mechanism and functional involvement of FSHR in reproductive disorders.     

Partitioning of whey proteins, bovine serum albumin and porcine insulin in aqueous two-phase systems

Partitioning of the proteins from cheese whey, bovine serum albumin and porcine insulin were analysed using aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) prepared with PEG–phosphate, PEG–citrate and PEG–maltodextrin (MD). Proteins were quantified through one of the following methods: FPLC, Bradford and spectrophotometry at 280 nm. Results showed that whey proteins partitioned unevenly on the phases of the systems used, with α-lactoalbumin (α-La) concentrated in the upper phase and β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) in the lower. Albumin in PEG–MD systems concentrated in the MD-rich lower phase. Porcine insulin showed great affinity with the PEG-rich phase, its partition coefficient was always over 10 and increases with PEG molecular mass.     

Mesostructure of fibrillar bovine serum albumin gels

The mesostructure of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at low pH was investigated. Rheological measurements were performed to determine the critical percolation concentration (c_p). A decreasing c_p with increasing ionic strength was found. Fibrils with a contour length of about 100–300 nm were found using transmission electron microscopy. The measured conversion of monomers into fibrils was independent of ionic strength (0.20–0.30 M). Dilution of BSA samples showed that the aggregation process is reversible and that there exists a critical concentration for the self-assembly of BSA. We explain the decreasing c_p with increasing ionic strength in terms of an adjusted random contact model.     

检测牛冠状病毒抗体间接ELISA方法的建立与应用

[背景]牛冠状病毒(Bovine coronavirus,BCoV)是引起新生犊牛死亡的主要病原之一,有效的检测手段是防治该病的前提。目前BCoV ELISA检测方法存在敏感性低、不稳定等缺陷。[目的]对原有BCoV ELISA方法进行改进,建立间接ELISA检测方法。[方法]应用我国BCoV流行毒株CD株n基因为模板,预测N蛋白抗原表位,通过原核表达制备可溶性的重组N蛋白作为抗原,建立间接ELISA方法,应用该方法对黑龙江省2010-2017年的BCoV感染进行血清流行病学调查。[结果]该ELISA方法最佳工作条件为:用50 mmol/LpH 9.6碳酸盐作为包被液,抗原包被浓度2.5μg/mL;用PBST作为样本稀释液,稀释浓度1:50,37℃孵育1.5 h;HRP-羊抗牛IgG稀释浓度1:7 500,37℃孵育1.0 h;用1%明胶37℃封闭30 min。阴阳性临界值为0.225。该方法与BRV、BRSV、BVDV、IBRV、BPIV3和E.coli阳性血清均无交叉反应。批内和批间变异系数均小于10%,与病毒中和试验的符合率高达93.5%。对黑龙江省部分地区共603份奶牛血清样品检测结果显示,BCoV抗体阳性率为98.84%。[结论]建立的ELISA方法特异性强、敏感性高、稳定性好,为进一步研发ELISA试剂盒提供了技术基础。     

人心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白快速检测试剂盒的临床验证性研究

目的评价H-FABP快速检测试剂盒对急性心肌梗死(AMI)的早期诊断效果。方法比较H-FABP、CK、CK-MB和cTnT四种心肌标志物在AMI发作后6 h内的敏感性、准确性和时效性;比较H-FABP快速检测试剂盒对AMI患者和非AMI患者诊断的特异性。结果 H-FABP快速检测试剂盒的检测结果与临床诊断结果符合率为100%;在AMI发作后6 h内,H-FABP的敏感性和准确性优于CK、CK-MB,与cTnT相当。8例肾衰竭患者100%显示阳性,心源性疾病中主动脉关闭不全有1例(2.44%),房间隔缺损有2例(4.88%)显示阳性。结论 AMI发作后6 h内,H-FABP快速检测试剂盒对其具有较好的诊断价值。     

Studies on the interaction between Oxaprozin-E and bovine serum albumin by spectroscopic methods

The interaction between Oxaprozin-E and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by spectroscopic methods including fluorescence and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. The quenching mechanism of fluorescence of BSA by Oxaprozin-E was discussed to be a dynamic quenching procedure. The number of binding sites n and apparent binding constant K was measured by fluorescence quenching method. The thermodynamics parameter ΔH, ΔG, ΔS were calculated. The results indicate the binding reaction was mainly entropy-driven and hydrophobic forces played major role in the binding reaction. The distance r between donor (BSA) and acceptor (Oxaprozin-E) was obtained according to Förster theory of non-radioactive energy transfer.