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1.
Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass) is an invasive winter
annual whose seeds lose dormancy through dry after-ripening. In this paper
a thermal after-ripening time model for simulating seed dormancy loss of
B. tectorum in the field is presented. The model
employs the hydrothermal time parameter mean base water potential
(b(50)) as an index of dormancy status. Other parameters of the
hydrothermal time equation (the hydrothermal time constant HT,
the standard deviation of base water potentials b, and
the base temperature Tb) are held constant, while
b(50) is allowed to vary and accounts for changes in germination
time-course curves due to stage of after-ripening or incubation
temperature. To obtain hydrothermal time parameters for each of four
collections, seeds were stored dry at 20C
for different intervals, then incubated in water (O MPA) or polyethylene
glycol (PEG) solutions (-0.5, -1.0, -1.5 MPa) at 15 and 25C. Germination data for the thermal after-ripening
time model were obtained from seeds stored dry in the laboratory at 10, 15,
20, 30, 40, and 50°C for 0 to 42 weeks, then incubated at two
alternating temperatures in water. Change in b(50) was
characterized for each collection and incubation temperature as a linear
function of thermal time in storage. Measurements of seed zone temperature
at a field site were combined with equations describing changes in
b(50) during after-ripening to make predictions of seed dormancy
loss in the field. Model predictions were compared with values derived from
incubation of seeds retrieved weekly from the field site. Predictions of
changes in b(50) were generally close to observed values,
suggesting the model is useful for simulating seed dormancy loss during
after-ripening in the field. 相似文献
2.
Hydrothermal time analysis of tomato seed germination responses to priming treatments 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
Controlled hydration of seeds followed by drying (seed priming) is used to
break dormancy, speed germination, and improve uniformity of radicle
emergence. To date, empirical trials are used to predict optimal priming
conditions for a given seed lot. Since priming is based upon seed water
relations, it was hypothesized that the sensitivity of germination to
reduced water potential before priming might be mechanistically related to,
and therefore predictive of, priming responsiveness. Analyses of
germination of 13 tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum
Mill.) seed lots at two temperatures (15C
and 20C) and three water potentials (0,
-0.28 and -0.43 MPa) showed that seed lot germination responses could be
quantitatively characterized by parameters derived from thermal time,
hydrotime, and hydrothermal time models
(R20.73-0.99). Six of the seed
lots were primed at two temperatures (15°C and 20°C) and
three water potentials (-1.0, -1.5 and -2.0 MPa) for various durations,
dried, and their subsequent germination rates analysed according to
hydropriming time and hydrothermal priming time models. The responses of
germination rates to priming were characterized by hydropriming time
(HP) and hydrothermal priming time (HTP) constants and
the minimum water potential (min) and temperature
(Tmin) for achieving a priming effect. The values of
min and Tmin varied relatively little among
tomato seed lots, and the generalized values of min=2.39 MPa and
Tmin=9.10°C accounted for 74% (15°C),
57% (20°C), and 62% (across both temperatures) of the increase in
germination rates following priming. Nonetheless, while the hydrothermal
time models described germination patterns both before and after priming,
there was relatively little predictive relationship between
them. 相似文献
3.
Short communication. A steep Ca2[IMAGE]-dependence of a K[IMAGE] channel in a unicellular green alga
Bauer C; Plieth C; Hansen U; Simonis W; Schonknecht G 《Journal of experimental botany》1998,49(327):1761-1765
An increase of cytosolic Ca2 in the
unicellular green alga Eremosphaera viridis activities
Ca2-dependent
K channels causing a hyperpolarization of
the plasma membrane. Data from parallel calcium, and potential measurements
were combined with I/V relationships. This yielded a
steep Ca2-dependence of
K channels with a co-operativity of 4 and
an affinity of 300 nM.Key words: Eremosphaera viridis,
plasma membrane, Ca2-dependent
K channel, co-operative binding.
相似文献
4.
In a companion paper several methods of calculating the marginal unit water
cost of plant carbon gain (E/A) were tested to determine
whether stomata were behaving optimally in relation to regulating leaf gas
exchange. In this paper one method is applied to several tropical tree
species when leaf-to-air vapour pressure difference (D), photosynthetic
photon flux density, leaf temperature, and atmospheric soil water
availability were manipulated. The response of leaves that had expanded
during the dry season were also compared to that of leaves that had
expanded in the wet season. Few differences in absolute value of
E/A, or the form of the relationship, were observed
between species or between seasons. In the majority of species,
E/A increased significantly as either leaf-to-air vapour
pressure difference increased, at a leaf temperature of either 33C or 38C, or as in
photosynthetic photon flux density increased. In contrast, as leaf
temperature increased at constant D, E/A was generally
constant. As pre-dawn water potential declined, E/A
declined. The relationship between E/A and D did not
differ whether internal or ambient carbon dioxide concentration were kept
constant. It is concluded that stomata are only behaving optimally over a
very small range of D. If a larger range of D is used, to incorporate
values that more closely reflect those experienced by tropical trees in a
savanna environment optimization is incomplete.Key
words: Stomatal optimization theory, marginal unit water cost.
相似文献
5.
Flowering time in pea (Pisum sativum L.) is determined
by genetically controlled responses to photoperiod and temperature. To
investigate these responses, 11 lines homozygous for the flowering genes
Lf, Sn, E, and Hr were grown
under contrasting semi-controlled photothermal environments and the
durations (d) from sowing to first flower (f) were
recorded. The effects of the four genes were quantified using a two-plane
photothermal model which linearly relates the rate of progress from sowing
to flowering (1/f) with the mean pre-flowering values
of temperature (T) and/or photo-period (P), based on
1/fa + bT
(when P is longer than the critical photoperiod, Pc) and
1/fa +
bT + cP
(when P<Pc). The main effect of Lf alleles was
on temperature sensitivity (b) when P>Pc, which
increased in the sequence
Lfd<Lf<
lf<lfa. Gene
Hr, when together with Sn,
increased photoperiod sensitivity (c) and
reduced the intercept (a) when P<Pc.
Allele sn determined a single plane response to
temperature alone (i.e. a day-neutral response). Gene
E, when present with lf Sn,
increased 1/f in both the thermal (P<Pc) and
photothermal (PPc) domains, mainly by
increasing a and b,
respectively. Variations in the coefficients of the thermal and
photothermal responses determined that the critical photoperiod varied with
temperature in all photoperiod-sensitive genotypes. A common base
temperature of 0.2C was determined amongst
Day-Neutral Class genotypes (sn) and thermal time from
sowing to flowering increased in the sequence
lfa<lf<
<:f<Lfd. Intra-Class
variations attributed to the Lf alleles were also
detected in the Late (Sn hr) and Late High Response
(Sn Hr) Classes. The linear photothermal model
provided a sound basis for studying the quantitative effects of flowering
genes in pea. 相似文献
6.
Pattern of respiration by intact inflorescences of the thermogenic arum lily Philodendron selloum 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Inflorescences of the neotropical arum lily, Philodendron
selloum, are strongly thermogenic for 2 d during anthesis.
Continuous measurements of spadix temperature (Ts) and
rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) were made outdoors in
whole inflorescences attached to the plants. Some inflorescences were
exposed to uncontrolled ambient temperature (Ta) while
others were enclosed in clear water-jackets that produced nearly constant
ambient conditions. A repeatable, diphasic pattern of heat production
appeared, most clearly in water-jacketed inflorescences, and it comprised a
short peak phase at sunset followed by a plateau phase that lasted until
the following sunset. Regulation of Ta occurred in
both phases, but at different levels. Peak phase Ta
was regulated in the region of 38-42C, but
plateau phase Ta was usually in the range of
25-36C. Both VO2 and
total heat produced throughout anthesis increased at lower
Ta. The data imply that the short peak phase is
related to the enhancement of odour production that attracts a single
species of large scarabaeid beetle in its native Brazil, and regulation of
maximum Ta may prevent overheating. Thermoregulation
in the long plateau phase produces equable temperatures inside the
inflorescence that may facilitate the resident beetles' activities as a
direct energetic reward. 相似文献
7.
Photorespiratory glycine enhances glutathione accumulation in both the chloroplastic and cytosolic compartments 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Transformed poplars overexpressing -glutamylcysteine synthetase (-ECS) in the chloroplast (Lggs) were used to
investigate chloroplastic biosynthesis of glutathione (GSH). In Lggs
leaves, GSH contents were enhanced by up to 3.7 fold. In general, the
highest GSH contents were observed in lines with highest
-glutamylcysteine (-EC) contents. These lines had
relatively low glycine. In darkness, foliar GSH decreased and -EC
increased. Illumination of pre-darkened Lggs in air resulted in a 5-fold
decrease in the -EC : GSH ratio. This light-induced decrease was
largely abolished if leaves were illuminated at high CO2. Consequently, the
-EC : GSH ratio of illuminated leaves was much higher at high CO2
than in air. At high CO2 total foliar amino acids were
higher, but glycine and serine were lower, than in air. These results
suggest that photorespiratory glycine is used in chloroplastic GSH
synthesis. Despite this net CO2 fixation was similar in Lggs to
untransformed poplars. Pre-illuminated leaf discs from Lggs, and poplars
overexpression -ECS in the cytosol (ggs), were incubated in
darkness with a range of metabolites. After 15 h, discs for both types of
transformant incubated on water had accumulated high levels of -EC
and showed marked increases in the -EC : GSH ratio. Feeding
glycine, serine, glycollate or phosphoserine, attenuated the dark-induced
changes in the -EC : GSH ratio, whereas 3-phosphoglycerate (PGA),
phosphoenolpyruvate, glycerate, and hydroxypyruvate did not. Glycine
produced from glycollate was therefore required for maximal GSH
accumulation in both the chloroplastic and cytosolic compartment.
Production of glycine from PGA failed to meet the demand of increased GSH
synthetic capacity. 相似文献
8.
Switching off the heater: influence of ambient temperature on thermoregulation by eastern skunk cabbage Symplocarpus foetidus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The protogynous inflorescences of eastern skunk cabbage,
Symplocarpus foetidus, are thermogenic and regulate
spadix temperature (Ts) well above ambient temperature
(Ta). Continuous records of oxygen consumption, carbon
dioxide production, and temperatures of plants were made at a field site in
Canada. At Ta between 3-24C, Ts ranged between
16-26C, and the warmest inflorescences were
those in the receptive female or early pollen-bearing stages. Respiratory
rates of the 2-g spadices increased with declining Ta,
and reached a maximum of 0.54 mol
O2s-1 (0.73 ml min-1),
equivalent to 0.26 W of heat production. At Ta below
3°C, several inflorescences failed to maintain high
Ts and abruptly switched Ts to
near freezing. Some froze when Ta dropped to about
-10°C. Those that did not freeze could quickly switch to the warm
state if Ta rose above about 3°C. Switching
was related to the balance between heat production and heat loss that
tended to produce stable equilibria at either high or low
Ts. Switching between warm and cool states resulted in
a bimodal distribution of Ts in the field. A
respiratory quotient of 1.0 showed that carbohydrate was the substrate for
thermogenesis, and bomb calorimetry of florets confirmed that energy was
imported from the root. Only 11 invertebrates, including only one flying
insect, were found in 195 inflorescences, suggesting that heat production
and temperature regulation are not closely associated with
cross-pollination. 相似文献
9.
Suboptimal temperature (T) affects germination rates (reciprocalof time to radicle emergence) on a thermal time basis; thatis, the T in excess of a base or minimum temperature multipliedby the time to a given per cent germination [tg) is a constant.Respiration rates are also sensitive to T, and proportionalrelationships are often found between respiration rates andgermination rates. Reduced water potential () delays seed germinationon a hydrotime basis (i.e. the in excess of a base water potentialmultiplied by tg is a constant). It was tested whether respirationrates prior to radicle emergence vary in proportion to T and as expected from the thermal and hydrotime models. Respirationrates (C02 evolution) of cold-tolerant, rapidly germinating(PI 341988) and cold-sensitive, more slowly germinating (T5)tomato [Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seeds were evaluatedover a range of T and conditions. For both genotypes, respirationrates until the beginning of radicle emergence were relatedto T on a thermal time basis and increased approximately linearlywith above -2.0 MPa, consistent with the hydrotime model. Respirationrates were uniquely related to germination rates, regardlessof whether germination timing was affected by T, , or genotype.However, germination timing was unaffected when respirationrates were manipulated by varying 02 partial pressure. Thus,while both germination and respiration rates vary with T and consistent with thermal and hydrotime models of biologicaltime, respiration rates per se were not the limiting factorin germination timing of tomato seeds. Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., tomato, germination, respiration, temperature, water potential 相似文献
10.
An improved strain-gauge device for continuous field measurement of stem and fruit diameter 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
An improved strain-gauge dendrometer was tested on apple (Pyrus
malus L.) tree trunks and fruit to measure thickness dynamics.
The sensor is similar to previous devices, but is more flexible allowing
for a greater range of thickness change before it has to be physically
reset. The practical resolution of the measurement system is given as one
standard deviation about the mean of 51 observations taken on an Invar
metal alloy in the field when temperatures ranged between 16C and 17C. The mean
of these observations was 3.68356 mm with one standard deviation of 0.00947
mm. There is a positive correlation between temperature and sensor output
having a slope of 2.96 m°C-1. For a typical
daily temperature change of 21°C, this causes an apparent change of
62 m. Stem thickness varied 0.7 mm diurnally
with maximum values at night and minimum values during the day. Apple fruit
diameter increased 3.3 mm over the 15 d period.Keywords:
Strain gauge dendrometer, plant stem and fruit thickness sensor,
plant water status, growth.
相似文献
11.
A karyopherin (LeKAP1) cDNA was isolated from tomato
plants. The deduced LeKAP1 protein sequence of 527 amino acids
showed similarity to other plant karyopherin proteins. When
LeKAP1 was expressed in a yeast two-hybrid
system together with the gene coding for the capsid protein (CP) of the
tomato yellow curl leaf virus (TYLCV), it interacted directly with CP.
Thus, LeKAP1 may be involved in the nuclear import of TYLCV CP
and, potentially, the TYLCV genomes during viral infection of the host
tomato cells. 相似文献
12.
Mastoparan analogues stimulate phospholipase C- and phospholipase D-activity in Chlamydomonas: a comparative study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
van Himbergen J; ter Riet B; Meijer H; van den Ende H; Musgrave A; Munnik T 《Journal of experimental botany》1999,50(341):1735-1742
The G-protein activator mastoparan and its analogues are becoming popular
tools for studying signalling in plants. Therefore the abilities of
mastoparan, mas7, mas8, and mas17 to activate phospholipase C (PLC), PLD
and to induce the deflagellation response in Chlamydomonas
moewusii Gerloff were compared. The aim was to test whether
their relative potencies in a plant system resemble those reported for
bovine brain Go and Gi, as is generally assumed, and to determine at which
concentrations cells become permeabilized, a known effect of higher
concentrations. The concentrations at which 50% deflagellation was induced,
were 2.0 M mastoparan, 3.0 M mas8, 3.6 M mas7, and 5.8 M
mas17. Similar activities were found for the production of phosphatidic
acid, which is the result of the combined activities of PLD and PLC
(together with diacylglycerol kinase). PLD activity alone was measured
in vivo by its ability to phosphatidylate
n-butanol. Surprisingly, the concentrations that
stimulated maximum activity were about 10-fold lower (1
M) than those that stimulated maximum PLC activity (10
M). Mas17 was an exception with both maxima above 10 M.
All the compounds except mas17 permeabilized C.
moewusii cells. The concentrations at which 50% of the cells
were permeabilized to Evan's blue were 7.4 M mas8, 16.0 M
mas7 and 22.4 M mastoparan. In conclusion, only mastoparan itself
and the least active analogue mas17 induced maximum deflagellation, PLC and
PLD activities without permeabilizing the cells.Keywords:
Chlamydomonas, deflagellation, mastoparan,
phospholipases C and D, phospholipid metabolism
相似文献
13.
Phytosulphokine-{alpha}, a peptidyl plant growth factor, stimulates somatic embryogenesis in carrot 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kobayashi T; Eun C; Hanai H; Matsubayashi Y; Sakagami Y; Kamada H 《Journal of experimental botany》1999,50(336):1123-1128
Phytosulphokine- (PSK-) is the first chemically characterized peptide
that acts as a plant growth factor. It stimulates the proliferation of
asparagus and rice cells, but no information is yet available on its
effects on plant morphogenesis. The effects of PSK- on somatic
embryogenesis in carrot (Daucus carota L.) were
examined. PSK-, when added to the induction medium for somatic
embryogenesis, increased the number of somatic embryos. The chemical
analogues [2-5]PSK- and tyrosine sulphate ester (Tyr-SO3 H), which
have been used as negative controls in other systems, had no effect.
Moreover the proliferation of cells during somatic embryogenesis was also
enhanced by PSK- these results indicate that PSK-
enhanced cell division and, as a consequence, stimulated carrot somatic
embryogenesis. PSK- also stimulated the proliferation of
embryogenic cells in medium that contained 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
(2,4-D), in which somatic embryos did not form, as well as the
proliferation of non-embryogenic cells (cells that had lost the ability to
form somatic embryos) in medium without 2,4-D. These results indicate that
PSK- has a stimulatory effect on cell division generally in carrot
cell cultures.Key words: Daucus carota, plant growth
factor, somatic embryogenesis, sulphated peptide.
相似文献
14.
The role of solute accumulation, osmotic adjustment and changes in cell wall elasticity in drought tolerance in Ziziphus mauritiana (Lamk.) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Clifford S; Arndt S; Corlett J; Joshi S; Sankhla N; Popp M; Jones H 《Journal of experimental botany》1998,49(323):967-977
Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) is a major fruit tree
crop of the north-west Indian arid zone. In a study of the physiological
basis of drought tolerance in this species, two glasshouse experiments were
conducted in which trees were droughted during single stress-cycles. In the
first experiment, during a 13 d drying cycle, pre-dawn leaf water
(leaf) and osmotic () potentials in droughted
trees declined from -0.5 and -1.4 MPa to -1.7 and -2.2 MPa, respectively,
for a decrease in relative water content () of 14%. During
drought stress, changes in sugar metabolism were associated with
significant increases in concentrations of hexose sugars (3.8-fold),
cyclitol (scyllo-inositol; 1.5-fold), and proline (35-fold; expressed per
unit dry weight), suggesting that altered solute partitioning may be an
important factor in drought tolerance of Ziziphus. On
rewatering pre-dawn leaf and recovered fully, but
remained depressed by 0.4 MPa relative to control
values, indicating that solute concentration per unit water content had
changed during the drought cycle.Evidence for osmotic adjustment was
provided from a second study during which a gradual drought was imposed.
Pressure-volume analysis revealed a 0.7 MPa reduction in osmotic potential
at full turgor, with leaf at turgor loss depressed by 1 MPa in
drought-stressed leaves. Coupled with osmotic adjustment, during gradual
drought, was a 65% increase in bulk tissue elastic modulus (wall rigidity)
which resulted in turgor loss at the same in both stressed and
unstressed leaves. The possible ecological significance of maintenance of
turgor potential and cell volume at low water potentials for drought
tolerance in Ziziphus is discussed.Keywords:
Ziziphus mauritiana, drought, solute
accumulation, osmotic adjustment, proline.
相似文献
15.
The Meaning of Matric Potential 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
The commonly used equation, = P - + , which describes thepartitioning of plant water potential, , into components ofhydrostatic pressure, P, osmotic pressure, , and matric potential,, is misleading. The term , which is supposed to show the influenceof a solid phase on , is zero if a consistent definition ofpressure is used in the standard thermodynamic derivation. However,it can be usefully defined by = + D, where D is the osmoticpressure of the equilibrium dialysate of the system. The practicaland theoretical significance of this definition is discussed. 相似文献
16.
Apical abortion in calabrese (Brassica oleracea var.
italica), a highly destructive disorder which occurs
in overwintered transplants, has been investigated using a model system in
which blindness (abortion of the apical meristem) can be reproducibly and
predictably induced. An initial experiment examined the susceptibility of
12 cultivars to apical abortion when grown throughout a winter period under
commercial conditions. Three of those varieties showed very high levels of
blindness (100%). Subsequently, plants of the susceptible cultivar PETO
7204 were subjected to an inductive period of low light intensity (30
mol m-2
s-1) and low temperature (4 C). Apical meristematic cells of all plants ceased
mitotic activity within 3 d of being transferred to a regime comprising
higher light intensity (100 mol
m-2 s-1) and temperature (15
C). Using this system the structures of
normal apices were compared with those which became blind. Blindness was
characterized by a cessation of leaf primordium production by the
vegetative apex, the last formed primordium growing on in some cases to
form a mature normal leaf, or in others, a deformed structure known as a
whip-tail. The inactive apical bud became embedded in the tissues of this
last-formed structure. The cells of the inactivated apical bud remained
alive, but lost their meristematic capability, becoming enlarged, highly
vacuolated parenchyma cells with amyloplasts.Keywords:
Apical abortion, apical meristem, blindness, calabrese.
相似文献
17.
Smith, J. R. 1987. Potassium transport across the membranesof Chara. II. 42K fluxes and the electrical current as a functionof membrane voltage.J. exp. Bot. 38: 752777. The current required to clamp the trans-membrane voltage ofinternodal cells of Chara australis at different levels wasmeasured simultaneously with either the 42K influx or efflux.Examination of the voltage-dependence of the ratio of the electricalcurrent to the unidirectional tracer fluxes yielded no evidenceof any amplification of the electrical driving force on theK+ ions. There was thus no evidence for the interaction of K+ions with themselves or any other species during their passageacross the membrane. These measurements allow the determinationof , the fraction of the electrical current carried by K+ ions.When the external [K+] = 10 mol m3, the average valueof was 0?85 for Vm > 125 mV and 07?5 for Vm <150 mV. When the external [K+] = 0?1 mol m3, was 0?6 for Vm < 80 mV and 0?1 for Vm > 250mV. It was also found that the conductance associated with K+transport was inhibited by hyperpolarization. Key words: Potassium, conductance, flux-ratio 相似文献
18.
An error occurs in the calibration of xylem pressure potential() against leaf-water potential () when the calibration is madeusing plant material in which the water stress has been inducedartificially after excision. The impostion of water stress afterexcision affects the determination more than it affects , consequentlythe relationship between these two indices of water stress isaltered. Care should be exercised to ensure that identical proceduresare adopted during . calibrations and during susbsequent fieldmeasurements of with the pressure-chamber apparatus. 相似文献
19.
High-light damage in air-dry thalli of Lobaria
pulmonaria were measured in the laboratory as reductions in
maximal PSII efficiency (Fv/Fm)
after a 48 h recovery in a hydrated state at low light to account for
permanent damage. Thalli treated with the lowest light dose (90 mol photons
m-2) recovered normal
Fv/Fm-values with increasing irradiances (400-700 nm)
up to 1000 mol photons
m-2 s-1. Doubling this dose
lowered the threshold level for damage from 1000 to 320 mol photons m-2
s-1, and reduced
Fv/Fm at 1000 mol
photons m-2 s-1 by more than
50%. A second doubling of the dose to 360 mol photons
m-2 caused damage at 200 mol photons
m-2 s-1, and a nearly
complete cessation of PSII efficiency occurred at 1000 mol photons
m-2 s-1. No reciprocity of
irradiance and duration of illumination for PSII function was found. The
measured time-dependent decrease in
Fv/Fm was remarkably similar for
the naturally coupled, but artificially separated, light and temperature
factors. Therefore, the damage of high light on desiccated L.
pulmonaria seemed to be an additive effect of high irradiance
and high temperatures. Air-dry thalli were highly heat susceptible, being
affected already at temperatures around 40C.
Logging operations in forests are likely to raise the solar radiation at
remaining lichen sites to destructive levels.Keywords:
Lichens, high-light damage, heat stress, poikilohydric
organisms, reciprocity.
相似文献
20.
Bernal-Lugo I; Rodriguez M; Gavilanes-Ruiz M; Hamabata A 《Journal of experimental botany》1999,50(332):311-317
With the aim of determining the level at which ageing exerts its effect on
the expression of -amylase, GA3 regulation
of -amylase production was studied in
isolated aleurone layers from aged wheat seeds. GA3-induced
-amylase activity was lower in the tissue from aged seeds than in
controls. However, the proportion of 35S-methionine
incorporated into -amylase was higher in the aged than in control
tissue. The pattern of -amylase isoforms was resolved by
isoelectric focusing and showed that two isogroups were present with the
activity of the high-pI isogroup being higher in the control than in the
aged lot. These apparently contradictory results may be explained in terms
of differences in isozyme expression. Studies on the expression of
-amylase genes indicated a reduction in the level of high-pI mRNA
in aged tissue. Dose-response curves showed lower GA3-responsiveness of
aleurone layers from aged seeds as compared to the controls. From these
results, it is proposed that the diminished capacity of -amylase
production in aleurone from aged seeds is apparently due to a decrease in
the expression of the high-pI -amylase genes, and this reduction
is associated with a decrease in the response to GA3.Key
words: Seed ageing, wheat aleurone, gibberellic acid,
-amylase isozymes, gene expression.
相似文献