瓦宁木层孔菌中5个化合物的抗肿瘤活性筛选

采用MTT法对从瓦宁木层孔菌子实体中分离得到的化合物樱花亭、7-甲氧基二氢莰非素、4-（3,4-二羟苯基）-3-丁烯-2-酮、二氢莰非素、hispolon进行了体外抗肿瘤活性研究。试验结果表明：当质量浓度为100μg/mL时,化合物4-（3,4-二羟苯基）-3-丁烯-2-酮和hispolon对人肝癌细胞SMMC-772...     

药用真菌粗毛纤孔菌的分子甄别及其发酵液抗乳腺癌活性研究

从分子水平上探究粗毛纤孔菌与桑黄孔菌属菌株的差异,同时以人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞筛选粗毛纤孔菌深层发酵液抗乳腺癌活性部位,并对其成分进行初步分析。基于rDNA ITS序列分子系统发育树和拆分网络（splits network）分析研究粗毛纤孔菌与桑黄孔菌属菌株的差异;采用MTT法检测发酵液不同提取物抗乳腺癌活性;通过细胞形态观察进一步了解活性提取物对细胞生长的影响;采用LC-MS/MS对活性提取物的成分进行分析。系统发育树表明粗毛纤孔菌与桑黄孔菌属菌株存在一定的遗传差异,粗毛纤孔菌GC含量较桑黄孔菌属菌株低,同时拆分网络分析法能更好地区分粗毛纤孔菌与桑黄;粗毛纤孔菌深层发酵液正丁醇提取物对MDA-MB-231细胞生长的抑制作用最强且呈量效和时效关系（ P<0.05）,作用24h的IC₅₀值为245.44μg/mL;细胞形态观察显示正丁醇提取物浓度在250μg/mL时,对MDA-MB-231细胞的凋亡作用随着时间的延长而加强;LC-MS/MS检测到正丁醇萃取部分的物质有2个,这2个物质均首次在粗毛纤孔菌中鉴定得到。结果表明,拆分网络分析法可较好地用于粗毛纤孔菌与桑黄孔菌属菌株的分子甄别,正丁醇提取物是粗毛纤孔菌深层发酵液抗乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞的主要活性部位,为进一步开发利用粗毛纤孔菌药用资源提供科学依据。     

珊瑚树Vibsane型二萜类化合物对人体HepG2细胞增殖的影响及其机制

目的：探讨珊瑚树vibsane型二萜类化合物对肝癌HepG2细胞增殖的影响及其机制,为研发新型天然植物类抗肿瘤药物提供实验依据。方法：采用噻唑蓝比色法及苔盼蓝染色计数法观察珊瑚树vibsane类二萜类化合物对不同肿瘤细胞增殖的影响;应用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期及细胞凋亡,利用Apo-ONE Homogeneous Caspase-3/7试剂盒检测vibsane二萜类化合物1#对HepG2细胞内Caspase-3酶活性的影响。结果：活性筛选发现vibsane型二萜类化合物1#显著抑制人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖,构效分析表明化合物C11位连接侧链的基团修饰影响其细胞增殖抑制活性。此外,HepG2细胞对1#化合物最敏感,1#化合物抑制其增殖具有剂量和时间依赖性。机制研究显示1#化合物诱导HepG2细胞发生明显的细胞周期G0/G1期阻滞,具有时间和剂量效应;同时,较高浓度1#化合物（5-10μmol/L）引起HepG2细胞凋亡明显增加,并剂量依赖性诱导细胞内Caspase3/7激活。结论：珊瑚树vibsane型二萜类化合物能够明显抑制人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖,其可能通过诱导细胞周期阻滞和细胞凋亡发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

瓦宁木层孔菌中多酚和黄酮类成分分离及清除自由基活性的研究

采用硅胶和反相C18柱层析方法,首次从瓦宁木层孔菌中分离得到了5个化合物,运用NMR波谱法分析和鉴定为樱花亭、7-甲氧基二氢莰非素、二氢莰非素、4-(3,4-二羟苯基)-3-丁烯-2-酮、hispolon。并通过建立体外二苯基苦味酰基苯肼自由基（·DPPH）、超氧阴离子自由基（·O2?）以及羟自由基（·OH）发生体系,研究了5个化合物对·DPPH、·OH和·O2?的清除作用。结果表明当浓度达到100μg/mL时,化合物4-(3,4-二羟苯基)-3-丁烯-2-酮和hispolon对·DPPH清除率分别为92%和93%,对·OH的清除率分别为90%和95%,而对·O2?的清除率分别为70%和77%,略低于清除·DPPH和·OH的能力;二氢莰非素对·O2?自由基的清除率为39%,强于清除·OH和·DPPH的能力;而樱花亭和7-甲氧基二氢莰非素对3种自由基的清除率均低于30%。2个多酚类化合物清除自由基的能力均强于3个黄酮类化合物。5个化合物清除自由基能力均表现出一定的浓度依赖性。     

鲍氏层孔菌子实体的化学成分研究

采用硅胶和Sephadex LH20柱层析方法,从鲍氏层孔菌子实体提取物中分离得到8个化合物。运用NMR和MS等波谱法分析和鉴定为7(8),22(23)-二烯-3-酮-麦角甾烷、4,6,8(14),22(23)-四烯-3-酮-麦角甾烷、麦角甾醇、过氧化麦角甾醇、三十烷酸对羟基苯乙酯、4-(3,4-二羟苯基)-3-丁烯-2-酮、hispolon、hispidin。     

线粒体参与介导MOPDO抑制HepG2细胞增殖、诱导其凋亡的作用

研究新合成的一氧化氮供体--核苷衍生物6-甲基-4-(2-氟-3,5-二-O-苯甲酰基-1-β-D-呋喃阿拉伯糖)-[1,2,5]噁二唑[3,4-d]嘧啶-5(4H),7(6H)-二酮1-氧化物(MOPDO)抑制人肝癌细胞HepG2增殖、诱导凋亡的作用.以不同浓度的MOPDO作用于人肝癌细胞HepG2,MTT检测与相差显微镜观察相结合,分析MOPDO对HepG2细胞增殖的影响;膜联蛋白-V/PI双染检测细胞凋亡率;JC-1染色检测线粒体膜电位(△ψm)变化;硝酸酶法测定细胞培养液中NO的含量.结果发现,MOPDO以时间和剂量依赖性方式抑制HepG2细胞的增殖,细胞形态出现相应的变化;细胞凋亡率的增加呈时-效和量-效关系;JC-1染色显示,线粒体膜电位随着MOPDO剂量的增加降低;MOPDO释放的NO量呈剂量依赖性增加.表明线粒体可能参与介导MOPDO抑制HepG2细胞的增殖、诱导其凋亡的作用.     

三色拟迷孔菌Daedaleopsis tricolor抗真菌活性成分的研究

在对多孔菌发酵产物进行的活性筛选中,发现三色拟迷孔菌具有抗白假丝酵母、酿酒酵母、烟曲霉、黄曲霉等目标真菌活性。通过应用萃取、柱层析及HPLC等分离手段对其活性组分进行分离纯化,共获得3个化合物。根据波谱数据,化合物1-3的结构分别被鉴定为4-乙二醇基-8-羟基异香豆素、4- (2-羟乙酰基)-8-羟基异香豆素及4-乙二醇基-5,8-二羟基异香豆素。这3个异香豆素首次从拟迷孔菌属中分离得到,且化合物2为其活性成分。     

三色拟迷孔菌Daedaleopsis tricolor抗真菌活性成分的研究

在对多孔菌发酵产物进行的活性筛选中,发现三色拟迷孔菌具有抗白假丝酵母、酿酒酵母、烟曲霉、黄曲霉等目标真菌活性。通过应用萃取、柱层析及HPLC等分离手段对其活性组分进行分离纯化,共获得3个化合物。根据波谱数据,化合物1-3的结构分别被鉴定为4-乙二醇基-8-羟基异香豆素、4- (2-羟乙酰基)-8-羟基异香豆素及4-乙二醇基-5,8-二羟基异香豆素。这3个异香豆素首次从拟迷孔菌属中分离得到,且化合物2为其活性成分。     

三色拟迷孔菌Daedaleopsis tricolor抗真菌活性成分的研究

在对多孔菌发酵产物进行的活性筛选中,发现三色拟迷孔菌具有抗白假丝酵母、酿酒酵母、烟曲霉、黄曲霉等目标真菌活性。通过应用萃取、柱层析及HPLC等分离手段对其活性组分进行分离纯化,共获得3个化合物。根据波谱数据,化合物1-3的结构分别被鉴定为4-乙二醇基-8-羟基异香豆素、4-(2-羟乙酰基)-8-羟基异香豆素及4-乙二醇基-5,8-二羟基异香豆素。这3个异香豆素首次从拟迷孔菌属中分离得到,且化合物2为其活性成分。     

三色拟迷孔菌Daedaleopsis tricolor抗真菌活性成分的研究

在对多孔菌发酵产物进行的活性筛选中,发现三色拟迷孔菌具有抗白假丝酵母、酿酒酵母、烟曲霉、黄曲霉等目标真菌活性。通过应用萃取、柱层析及HPLC等分离手段对其活性组分进行分离纯化,共获得3个化合物。根据波谱数据,化合物1-3的结构分别被鉴定为4-乙二醇基-8-羟基异香豆素、4-（2-羟乙酰基）-8-羟基异香豆素及4-乙二醇基-5,8-二羟基异香豆素。这3个异香豆素首次从拟迷孔菌属中分离得到,且化合物2为其活性成分。     

朱红栓菌提取物抗氧化、抗肿瘤活性评价及相关化学成分分析

采用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇浸提朱红栓菌 Trametes cinnabarina 子实体干粉,得到不同极性提取物;采用清除DPPH 自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基能力,测定提取物的体外抗氧化活性;MTT法检测提取物对人肝癌细胞株HepG2细胞增殖的抑制作用。结果表明,朱红栓菌石油醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇提取物均具有一定的抗氧化、抗肿瘤活性;各提取物在浓度为4-5mg/mL时,对DPPH自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基清除能力大小依次为乙酸乙酯提取物>乙醇提取物>石油醚提取物;乙酸乙酯提取物对3种自由基的最高清除率分别为60.23%、74.49%、63.84%。各提取物对人肝癌细胞株HepG2细胞增殖抑制作用大小依次为乙酸乙酯提取物>乙醇提取物>石油醚提取物;乙酸乙酯提取物的抑制率最高达55.93%。采用硅胶和凝胶等柱色谱方法结合核磁、波谱和质谱等技术对乙酸乙酯提取物的化学组分进行分析,共分离纯化出11种化合物,分别鉴定为：麦角甾醇（1）,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（2）,对羟基苯甲酸甲酯（3）,麦角甾-7,22,二烯-3-酮（4）,1-[(12E,16E)-12,16-二十碳二烯酰基]-2-[(E,E)-7,11-十八碳二烯酰基]-3-硬脂酰基甘油（5）,cinnabarin（6）,过氧麦角甾醇（7）,尿嘧啶（8）,甘露醇（9）,腺嘌呤核苷（10）,豆甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇（11）。除化合物6外均为首次从朱红栓菌子实体中分离得到。研究结果为开发利用朱红栓菌子实体提供了科学依据。     

紫陀螺菌化学成分及其抑制肿瘤细胞增殖活性的研究

以紫陀螺菌为对象,研究其子实体的化学成分及其抑制肿瘤细胞增殖活性。采用溶剂提取、柱层析和高效液相色谱等方法分离纯化化学成分,通过核磁共振和质谱技术鉴定单体化合物结构,运用结晶紫法评价单体化合物抑制肿瘤细胞增殖活性。从乙酸乙酯提取物中共分离鉴定6个单体化合物,分别为(22E,24R)-麦角甾-5,7,22-三烯-3β-醇(1)、3β,5α-二羟基-(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-6-酮(2)、(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(3)、吲哚-3-甲酸甲酯(4)、4,4-二甲基-1,7-庚二酸(5)和(8E,10E)-12羰基十八碳-8,10-二烯酸(6),其中化合物1为主要成分,相对含量为23.8%。活性测试结果表明3对人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7 细胞、人胰腺癌细胞株PANC-1细胞和人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231细胞具有微弱的细胞增殖抑制活性。本研究首次报道了紫陀螺菌化学成分,对深入挖掘其在健康领域中的开发价值具有重要意义。     

Design,synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of dianilinopyrimidines as EGFR inhibitors

This paper described our efforts to develop dianilinopyrimidines as novel EGFR inhibitors. All the target compounds were tested for inhibitory effects against wild type EGFR (EGFR^wt) and three tumour cells, including A549, PC-3, and HepG2. Some of the compounds performed well in antitumor activities. Especially, compound 4c 2-((2-((4-(3-fluorobenzamido)phenyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl) pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-N-methylthiophene-3-carboxamide showed higher anti-tumour activities than Gefitinib. The IC₅₀ values of compound 4c against A549, PC-3, and HepG2. reached 0.56 μM, 2.46 μM, and 2.21 μM, respectively. In addition, further studies indicated that compound 4c could induce apoptosis against A549 cells and arrest A549 cells in the G2/M phase. Molecular docking studies showed that compound 4c could closely interact with EGFR. Generally, compound 4c was the potential for developing into an anti-tumour drug.     

毛头鬼伞子实体化学成分及抗糖尿病活性初探

从毛头鬼伞子实体中萃取得到乙醇、乙酸乙酯、石油醚3种有机提取物,采用α-葡萄糖苷酶活性抑制实验对3种有机提取物的抗糖尿病活性进行评价,结果显示,乙酸乙酯提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶有较强的抑制活性。采用柱层析技术从乙酸乙酯提取物中分离纯化出10种化合物,经核磁等方法鉴定为：（1）顺,顺-9,12-十八(碳)二烯酸;（2）顺式-9-十八烯酸;（3）(22E,24R)-麦角甾烷-5,7,22-三烯-3β醇;（4）3β-5α-6α-22E-麦角甾-7,22-双烯-3,5,6-三醇-6-亚油酸酯;（5）3β-5α-6α-22E-麦角甾-7,22-双烯-3,5,6-三醇-6-油酸酯;（6）邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯;（7）对羟基苯乙醇;（8）4-羟基苯乙基乙酸酯;（9）3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧苯基)败脂酸;（10）N-反式-3,4亚甲二氧基肉桂酰基-3-甲氧基酪胺。对分离化合物的α-葡萄糖苷酶活性抑制实验结果显示,N-反式-3,4亚甲二氧基肉桂酰基-3-甲氧基酪胺对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有较强的抑制活性,其IC₅₀值为4.17mg/mL。     

Role of undecan-2-one on ethanol-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells

Based on the reduced expression of ethanol-oxidizing enzymes in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells, we analyzed the role of nonoxidative metabolites in ethanol-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. For this purpose, an analysis of volatile metabolites of ethanol using ion-mobility spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was performed. HepG2 cells exposed to 1 mmol/L ethanol exhibited significant synthesis of undecan-2-one compared to untreated cells. Undecan-2-one is a fatty acid ethyl ester metabolite synthesized through a nonoxidative pathway. Undecan-2-one had a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on HepG2 cells as shown by release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The most notable finding of this study was the potentiation of ethanol-induced apoptosis demonstrated by an increased apoptotic rate induced by undecan-2-one in ethanol-treated HepG2 cells. The data presented in this study contribute to the better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of ethanol exposure at low concentration in HepG2 cells, a human hepatocellular carcinoma-derived cell line.     

四逆散对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及其机制*

目的: 探讨含四逆散药液血清对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及机制。方法: 将人肝癌HepG2细胞分为5组,每组3个复孔。实验组细胞用五氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)或不同浓度的含四逆散药液血清处理48 h后,用倒置显微镜观察含四逆散药液血清处理后人肝癌HepG2细胞形态的变化;MTT法检测含四逆散药液血清对HepG2细胞生长的抑制作用;荧光染色和流式细胞术分别分析含四逆散药液血清对HepG2细胞凋亡的影响。Rho123染色法检测线粒体膜电位变化,Western blot检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达。结果: 与对照组比较,含四逆散药液血清处理人肝癌HepG2细胞后,细胞数量显著减少(P＜0.01),形态发生改变,呈现典型的凋亡细胞形态;G1期细胞数明显增加,而G2 期细胞数量显著减少(P＜0.05);Bax、Caspase-3、-9和Cyt-c的表达显著升高,而Bcl-2的表达显著降低(P＜0.05);随着含四逆散药液血清浓度增大,HepG2细胞线粒体膜电位显著下降(P＜0.05)。结论: 四逆散可以抑制HepG2细胞增殖,并通过线粒体途径诱导细胞凋亡。     

Alleviation of aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells by volatile extract from Allii Fistulosi Bulbus

The volatile extract from Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (VEAF) was isolated by steam distillation under reduced pressure, followed by continuous liquid-liquid extraction, and its effects on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced oxidative stress were investigated in human hepatoma cells (HepG2). The main constituents of the VEAF, identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, were 2-octyl-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-hexyl-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2,5-dimethylthiophene, 3,5-diethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane and 3,4-dimethyl-2,5-dihydro-thiophene-2-one. VEAF significantly inhibited the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species caused by AFB1 in a dose-dependent manner, concomitant with a significant decrease in the AFB1-induced cytotoxicity. VEAF pretreatment significantly reduced the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, whereas increased the level of reduced glutathione. The level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, a DNA oxidative stress marker, was also decreased by 49-59% with pretreatment of VEAF. With respect to the activity of AFB1 metabolizing enzymes, VEAF significantly increased the activity of glutathione S-transferase, and significantly decreased the cytochrome (CYP) P450 3A4 activity, but had a little effect on the CYP1As. These results suggest that VEAF may be selectively effective in alleviating the AFB1-induced oxidative stress, and lead to cytoprotection against AFB1 exposure.     

Activation of apoptosis by ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of Dianthus superbus in HepG2 cell line

Dianthus superbus L. is commonly used as a traditional Chinese medicine. We recently showed that ethyl acetate fraction (EE-DS) from ethanol extract of D. superbus exhibited the strongest antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. In this study, we examined apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by EE-DS, and the mechanism underlying apoptosis was also investigated. Treatment of HepG2 cells with EE-DS (20-80 μg/ml) for 48 h led to a significant dose-dependent increase in the percentage of cells in sub-G1 phase by analysis of the content of DNA in cells, and a large number of apoptotic bodies containing nuclear fragments were observed in cells treated with 80 μg/ml of EE-DS for 24 h by using Hoechst 33258 staining. These data show that EE-DS can induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Immunoblot analysis showed that EE-DS significantly suppressed the expressions of Bcl-2 and NF-κB. Treatment of cells with EE-DS (80 μg/ml) for 48 h resulted in significant increase of cytochrome c in the cytosol, which indicated cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Activation of caspase-9 and -3 were also determined when the cells treated with EE-DS. The results suggest that apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by EE-DS could be through the mitochondrial intrinsic pathway. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) data showed that the composition of EE-DS is complicated. Further studies are needed to find the effective constituents of EE-DS.     

Ecology-based screen identifies new metabolites from a Cordyceps-colonizing fungus as cancer cell proliferation inhibitors and apoptosis inducers

Objectives:  This study aims to identify new anti-cancer agents from Cordyceps -colonizing fungi, using an ecology-based approach. It also aims to explore their anti-cell proliferative mechanisms, and to evaluate their anti-tumour effects in vivo .
Materials and methods:  Extracts from Cordyceps -colonizing fungi were tested on HeLa cells, and active extracts were separated to obtain anti-tumour metabolites; their structures were elucidated by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cell cycle analysis was evaluated using flow cytometry. Tumour formation assays were performed using C57BL/6J mice.
Results:  Based on ecological considerations, the selected extracts were subjected to initial anti-tumour screening. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the active extract afforded two new epipolythiodioxopiperazines, named gliocladicillins A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ). (A) 1 and B ( 2 ) inhibited growth of HeLa, HepG2 and MCF-7 tumour cells. Further study demonstrated that both preparations arrested the cell cycle at G₂/M phase in a dose-dependent manner, and induced apoptosis through up-regulation of expression of p53, p21, and cyclin B, and activation of caspases-8, -9 and -3. These data imply that gliocladicillins A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ) induce tumour cell apoptosis through both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. In addition, in vivo studies showed that they displayed significant inhibitory effects on cell population growth of melanoma B16 cells imlanted into immunodeficient mice.
Conclusions:  Gliocladicillins A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ) are effective anti-tumour agents in vitro and in vivo and should be further evaluated for their potential in clinical use.