A novel aux/IAA28 signaling cascade activates GATA23-dependent specification of lateral root founder cell identity

1. Download : Download high-res image (281KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? GATA23 is involved in lateral root founder cell specification ? A coordinated migration of pericycle nuclei precedes the first asymmetric division ? An Aux/IAA28-dependent auxin signaling cascade controls GATA23 expression     

Cap-assisted internal initiation of translation of histone H4

1. Download : Download high-res image (186KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Two structural elements of histone H4 mRNA drive translation initiation ? Ribosome is tethered by an eIF4E-binding site located in the coding region ? A RNA three-way helix junction element positions ribosome on the start codon ? The m⁷G cap-binding pocket formed by the mRNA controls histone translation     

All-Atom Ensemble Modeling to Analyze Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering of Glycosylated Proteins

1. Download : Download high-res image (243KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? MW determined from zero angle scattering is accurate for glycoproteins ? All-atom modeling with SAXS data can identify structural features of glycans ? SAXS ab initio reconstructions provide little structural information for glycans     

Visualizing the Determinants of Viral RNA Recognition by Innate Immune Sensor RIG-I

1. Download : Download high-res image (685KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Crystallographic structure of RIG-I with 5′ triphosphorylated RNA duplex and ADP ? Solution biophysical analysis of ATP-dependent RIG-I conformational change ? The structural basis for ATP-stimulated RIG-I activation     

Conformational dynamics of activation for the pentameric complex of dimeric G protein-coupled receptor and heterotrimeric G protein

1. Download : Download high-res image (278KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Dynamics of dimeric Rho complexes in three different conformational states examined ? Photoactivation of Rho (Rho¹) causes structural relaxation of the helical bundle ? Binding of Gt to Rho¹ reduces flexibility of Rho¹ but increases flexibility in Gt ? Free Rho¹ exhibits different a conformation than it does in the Rho¹-G_t complex     

Structural and Functional Integration of the PLCγ Interaction Domains Critical for Regulatory Mechanisms and Signaling Deregulation

1. Download : Download high-res image (312KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Domains from PLCγ regulatory region show structural and functional integration ? Only cSH2 domain interacts with the PLC-core forming a high affinity surface ? Activation involves removal of autoinhibition and dissociation from the receptor ? Disease-linked mutations map to the autoinhibitory interface     

STIM1 Juxtaposes ER to Phagosomes,Generating Ca2+ Hotspots that Boost Phagocytosis

1. Download : Download high-res image (451KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? STIM1 drives store-operated recruitment of ER cisternae to phagosomes ? STIM1 is required for Ca²⁺-dependent, high-efficiency phagocytosis ? STIM1 gates phagosomal Ca²⁺ channels, generating periphagosomal Ca²⁺ microdomains     

Structure and Dynamics of the Second CARD of Human RIG-I Provide Mechanistic Insights into Regulation of RIG-I Activation

1. Download : Download high-res image (154KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The structure of a CARD of human RIG-I ? The mechanism and structural role of phosphorylation are revealed ? In trans interaction with the Helicase and regulatory domains is shown ? Lys172 lies in proximity to the CARD2:helicase-CTD interface     

Structural insights into eukaryotic ribosomes and the initiation of translation

1. Download : Download high-res image (442KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Overview of recent progress in the structural characterization of eukaryotic ribosomes and initiation complexes. ? Crystal structures, cryo-EM and biochemical data are combined to derive structural models of larger assemblies. ? Homology models of eukaryotic initiation complexes provide a starting point for future experiments.     

ALKBH5 Is a Mammalian RNA Demethylase that Impacts RNA Metabolism and Mouse Fertility

1. Download : Download high-res image (108KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? ALKBH5 is a mammalian m⁶A RNA demethylase ? RNA demethylation affects mRNA export and RNA metabolism ? RNA demethylation is important for mouse fertility ? Reversible mammalian messenger RNA methylation affects gene expression     

Bone marrow-derived cell therapy stimulates endogenous cardiomyocyte progenitors and promotes cardiac repair

1. Download : Download high-res image (203KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? c-kit⁺ cell therapy stimulates endogenous cardiomyocyte progenitors ? Nkx2.5- and Gata4-expressing progenitors increase in the infarct border zone ? c-kit⁺ cell therapy leads to improved cardiac function ? No evidence for cardiomyocyte transdifferentiation by bone marrow progenitors     

p58IPK-Mediated Attenuation of the Proapoptotic PERK-CHOP Pathway Allows Malignant Progression upon Low Glucose

1. Download : Download high-res image (133KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Transformation-associated glucose shortage triggers ER stress ? The ER stress acts as barrier to malignancy by triggering UPR-dependent apoptosis ? p58^IPK expression removes the UPR barrier by attenuating its PERK-CHOP branch ? This adaptive mechanism enables implementation of UPR cytoprotective features     

ADF/cofilin regulates secretory cargo sorting at the TGN via the Ca2+ ATPase SPCA1

1. Download : Download high-res image (239KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? ADF/cofilin localizes to the TGN and binds SPCA1 in an actin-dependent manner ? Dynamic actin regulates the activity of the Ca²⁺ pump SPCA1 ? ADF/cofilin facilitates secretory cargo sorting in a Ca²⁺-dependent manner     

Characterization and In Vivo Pharmacological Rescue of a Wnt2-Gata6 Pathway Required for Cardiac Inflow Tract Development

1. Download : Download high-res image (150KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Wnt2 is required for atrial and inflow tract morphogenesis ? Wnt2 regulates expansion of secondary heart field progenitors ? Defects in Wnt2^?/? mutants can be rescued using Wnt signaling agonists ? Wnt2 cooperates with Gata6 to regulate cardiac inflow tract development     

Cryo-Electron Microscopy Three-Dimensional Structure of the Jumbo Phage ΦRSL1 Infecting the Phytopathogen Ralstonia solanacearum

1. Download : Download high-res image (529KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? ?RSL1, a jumbo phage, is almost completely covered by decorating proteins ? The tail structure is reported to be 9 Å, revealing unprecedented structural details ? The tail inner tube shows structural similarities to the bacterial type VI secretion system ? The long fibers can stabilize phiRSL1 once it is bound to the host cell surface     

RANKL Employs Distinct Binding Modes to Engage RANK and the Osteoprotegerin Decoy Receptor

1. Download : Download high-res image (257KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Crystal structures of the cytokine-binding regions of OPG and RANK bound to RANKL ? High-affinity OPG engagement is associated with a distinct RANKL-binding cleft ? Structural basis of how the OPG^F96L mutation promotes juvenile Paget’s disease     

Retinoic acid production by endocardium and epicardium is an injury response essential for zebrafish heart regeneration

1. Download : Download high-res image (85KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Cardiac injury induces structural and molecular changes in zebrafish endocardium ? Endocardial and epicardial cells at the site of injury synthesize retinoic acid (RA) ? The extent of this injury response correlates with a species' regenerative capacity ? Regenerative cardiomyocyte proliferation in zebrafish requires retinoic acid signaling     

Mixed-Linkage Ubiquitin Chains Send Mixed Messages

1. Download : Download high-res image (304KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? K48 and K63 linkages in branched and unbranched tri-Ub retain their structural features ? Linkage-selective receptors recognize K48 and K63 linkages in the branched tri-Ub ? Linkage-specific deubiquitinases cleave their cognate Ub-Ub linkages in the mixed-linkage chains ? The 26S proteasome recognizes and processes branched K48- and K63-linked tri-Ub     

A master switch couples Mg²⁺-assisted catalysis to domain motion in B. stearothermophilus tryptophanyl-tRNA Synthetase

1. Download : Download high-res image (349KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Combinatorial mutagenesis at four remote sites shifts reaction coordinate stabilities ? Cooperative action of all four sites accounts for the entire catalytic role of Mg2⁺ ? Catalysis of ATP utilization by Mg2⁺ occurs if, and only if, the conformation changes ? This type of allosteric effect may explain vectorial coupling in transducing NTPases