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昆虫嗅觉相关蛋白及嗅觉识别机理研究概述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
嗅觉是昆虫产生行为的基础之一,在长期进化的过程中昆虫形成了复杂的嗅觉系统,完成这一过程,需要有多种与嗅觉相关的蛋白参与,包括气味结合蛋白、化学感受蛋白、气味受体和感觉神经元膜蛋白等。了解昆虫感受外界信息的嗅觉机制可以帮助我们更好地理解昆虫识别配偶、天敌及寻找食物来源、产卵场地等行为特征,为进一步调控昆虫的行为、防控害虫侵袭、保护和利用有益昆虫奠定基础。本文综述了昆虫嗅觉相关的几类重要蛋白的生化特性和生理功能,并对昆虫气味分子的识别机制、气味分子在昆虫体内运输机制的最新研究进展进行了概述。 相似文献
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昆虫在长期进化过程中形成了一套高度敏感的嗅觉系统,通过该系统昆虫可以完成寻觅配偶、定位寄主及选择产卵位点等多种行为。在昆虫嗅觉系统中的可溶性蛋白主要有气味结合蛋白(odorant-binding protein, OBP)和化学感受蛋白(chemosensory protein, CSP)。OBP可以特异性结合并运输疏水性的气味分子相应的受体,是昆虫化学识别过程的第一步,具有十分重要的作用。CSP与OBP的结构和功能类似,主要参与化合物的识别和运输,尽管没有直接的证据表明CSP也参与了昆虫的化学感受过程,但已有研究发现,CSP在昆虫嗅觉系统中发挥着重要的作用。本文主要从分子特性、蛋白结构、表达模式、生理功能等方面分别对昆虫的OBP和CSP进行了概述,为深入的研究两者的功能提供理论参考,进而为以昆虫嗅觉系统为靶标的害虫防治提供新的思路。 相似文献
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昆虫的嗅觉系统与其各项生命活动息息相关,化学感受蛋白(CSPs)是嗅觉系统中的重要组成部分,可以结合气味或信息素分子,并传递给嗅觉受体,完成嗅觉相关功能。随着分子生物学技术和测序手段的不断发展,越来越多的昆虫CSPs得到鉴定。CSPs在昆虫体内广泛分布于触角、跗节、下颚须等化学感受器官,同时也在表皮、腹部、体躯等非感受器官大量表达,具有感知化学分子的功能并且与昆虫生长、发育、繁殖等生理功能及昆虫对杀虫剂的抗性相关。本文通过从CSPs的发现和命名、分子特性、结构及分布等方面展开综述,着重介绍CSPs的气味分子识别作用机制、抗药性机制及功能分类,以期为今后利用CSPs作为靶标防治害虫提供参考。 相似文献
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气味结合蛋白OBPs在蜜蜂识别气味分子和生理反应的过程中起到了十分重要的作用。本研究通过利用生物信息学软件预测分析中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana气味结合蛋白基因OBP4(AcerOBP4)编码的蛋白理化特性和结构特征;采用MEGA 5.2软件中的邻位相连法(Neighbor-joining, NJ)构建AcerOBP4及其它昆虫OBPs的系统发育树;通过qRT-PCR技术分析AcerOBP4在中华蜜蜂的哺育蜂、采集蜂和1日龄工蜂各组织的表达情况。结果表明,中华蜜蜂和意大利蜜蜂Apis melliferaOBP4(AmelOBP4)氨基酸同源性为78%,AcerOBP4在中华蜜蜂的触角表达量最高,其次是足和头部组织表明该基因与蜜蜂的嗅觉行为密切相关。此外,AcerOBP4在蜜蜂脑部有一定的表达,但是在腹部组织表达量很低。该研究结果丰富了蜜蜂OBPs表达特性的研究数据,同时也为继续深入研究OBP4在中华蜜蜂中是否影响嗅觉行为提供了基础。 相似文献
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稻飞虱是我国及亚洲各水稻产区的重大害虫,在我国成灾危害的种类主要为白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera、褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens、灰飞虱Laodelphax striatellus.稻飞虱不仅通过韧皮部吸取汁液而且传播多种水稻病毒,对我国水稻每年产量巨大损失.目前,稻飞虱对多种常用化学杀虫剂产生了较高的抗性.因此,急需寻找新的绿色防治方法.当前,"反向化学生态"是化学防治的理想替代方案之一,即通过研究昆虫重要的嗅觉基因功能,揭示嗅觉感受机制,从而找到对昆虫具有吸引作用的小分子化合物,制备诱芯进行田间诱集的绿色防控方法.已有研究证实,嗅觉感受在稻飞虱对水稻植株的定位及危害中发挥重要作用,近年有关稻飞虱嗅觉感受分子机制研究方面也取得不少进展.本文对此进行综述和展望,以期为推动基于嗅觉感受的稻飞虱绿色防控技术的研发提供参考. 相似文献
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昆虫嗅觉受体的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
昆虫的嗅觉对昆虫的栖息地选择、觅食、群集、趋避、繁殖以及信息传递等行为具有重要的影响。对昆虫嗅觉机理的深入研究和嗅觉信号传导途径的完整阐述,是探索农业害虫的专一性防治的基础。嗅觉受体(olfactory receptors,Ors)是G蛋白偶联受体(G protein-coupled receptor)的一种,是嗅觉系统的关键成分。近年来嗅觉受体的研究日益受到关注。本文对昆虫嗅觉的基本过程、基因结构和表达调控特征、蛋白分子结构、生理功能、分布部位和相关配体的研究等进行了综述。 相似文献
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Characterization of candidate odorant‐binding proteins and chemosensory proteins in the tea geometrid Ectropis obliqua Prout (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
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Liang Sun Teng‐Fei Mao Yu‐Xing Zhang Jian‐Jian Wu Jia‐He Bai Ya‐Nan Zhang Xing‐Chuan Jiang Kun‐Shan Yin Yu‐Yuan Guo Yong‐Jun Zhang Qiang Xiao 《Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology》2017,94(4)
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昆虫化学感受蛋白研究进展 总被引:15,自引:4,他引:11
昆虫化学感受蛋白(chemosensory proteins)是在长期进化过程中形成的一类低分子量酸性可溶性蛋白,广泛分布于昆虫触角、跗节等各种化学感受器中,蛋白质序列具有较高的保守性,种内种间同源性一般为30%~90%。其主要功能是感受、识别、转运、传导环境化学因子刺激信息,参与调节生理节律和生长发育。该文从昆虫化学感受蛋白的生态进化意义、分布表达部位、生化特性、分子结构、生理功能和研究方法等角度,较详细地综述了近年来国内外昆虫化学感受蛋白的研究进展,指出昆虫化学感受蛋白的深入研究,对于阐明昆虫与环境化学信息联系规律、昆虫行为反应本质原因,探索害虫综合治理和益虫利用效率新途径,开辟创制昆虫行为控制剂新领域等具有重要的理论和实践意义。 相似文献
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《Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society》2018,93(1):184-200
Odorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) and chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are regarded as carriers of pheromones and odorants in insect chemoreception. These proteins are typically located in antennae, mouth organs and other chemosensory structures; however, members of both classes of proteins have been detected recently in other parts of the body and various functions have been proposed. The best studied of these non‐sensory tasks is performed in pheromone glands, where OBPs and CSPs solubilise hydrophobic semiochemicals and assist their controlled release into the environment. In some cases the same proteins are expressed in antennae and pheromone glands, thus performing a dual role in receiving and broadcasting the same chemical message. Several reports have described OBPs and CSPs in reproductive organs. Some of these proteins are male specific and are transferred to females during mating. They likely carry semiochemicals with different proposed roles, from inhibiting other males from approaching mated females, to marking fertilized eggs, but further experimental evidence is still needed. Before being discovered in insects, the presence of binding proteins in pheromone glands and reproductive organs was widely reported in mammals, where vertebrate OBPs, structurally different from OBPs of insects and belonging to the lipocalin superfamily, are abundant in rodent urine, pig saliva and vaginal discharge of the hamster, as well as in the seminal fluid of rabbits. In at least four cases CSPs have been reported to promote development and regeneration: in embryo maturation in the honeybee, limb regeneration in the cockroach, ecdysis in larvae of fire ants and in promoting phase shift in locusts. Both OBPs and CSPs are also important in nutrition as solubilisers of lipids and other essential components of the diet. Particularly interesting is the affinity for carotenoids of CSPs abundantly secreted in the proboscis of moths and butterflies and the occurrence of the same (or very similar CSPs) in the eyes of the same insects. A role as a carrier of visual pigments for these proteins in insects parallels that of retinol‐binding protein in vertebrates, a lipocalin structurally related to OBPs of vertebrates. Other functions of OBPs and CSPs include anti‐inflammatory action in haematophagous insects, resistance to insecticides and eggshell formation. Such multiplicity of roles and the high success of both classes of proteins in being adapted to different situations is likely related to their stable scaffolding determining excellent stability to temperature, proteolysis and denaturing agents. The wide versatility of both OBPs and CSPs in nature has suggested several different uses for these proteins in biotechnological applications, from biosensors for odours to scavengers for pollutants and controlled releasers of chemicals in the environment. 相似文献
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Yanxue Yu Shangan Zhang Long Zhang Xingbo Zhao 《Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology》2009,71(2):105-115
We have investigated the development of chemosensilla and the secretion of odorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) and chemosensory proteins (CSPs) in the embryo of Locusta migratoria manilensis. We first report the changes of each sensillum in embryo just preceding hatch in detail and show that different sensilla have different developmental processes. Trichogen cells are first involved in forming the structure of pegs, and then, after retraction, they start secreting OBPs and CSPs in the sensillar lymph. The synthesis of LmigOBP1 starts during the embryogenesis about 0.5 h preceding hatching, specifically in sensilla trichodea and basiconica of the antenna. LmigOBP2, instead, was only found in the outer sensillum lymph (oSl) of sensilla chaetica of the antenna, while we could not detect LmigOBP3 in any type of sensilla of the antenna. The ontogenesis of CSPs in the embryos is similar to that of OBPs. Expression of CSPI homolog in Locusta migratoria is detected using the antiserum raised against SgreCSPI. CSPI is specifically expressed in the outer sensillum lymph of sensilla chaetica of the antenna, and anti‐LmigCSPII dose not label any sensilla of the embryos. These data indicate that in locusts, OBPs and CSPs follow different temporal expression patterns, and also that OBPs are expressed in different types of sensilla. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Subhendu K. Chatterjee Chandan Malick Samir Bhattacharya Vettath R. Suresh Rakesh Kundu Surjya K. Saikia 《Journal of fish biology》2019,95(1):324-334
The chemosensory nature of the tissue from the dorsal surface of the head (also termed sensory pad; SP) of the amphihaline diadromous fish hilsa Tenualosa ilisha was investigated for odorant receptor (OR), olfactory marker protein (OMP) and G-protein subunits (Gαs-olf, Gαq, Gαo, Gαi3) through immunolocalization and immunoblotting techniques. The immunolocalization of OR, OMP and G-protein subunits showed clear expression of these proteins in the tissues of the SP. Robust expressions of these proteins in the SP were detected with immunoblot analysis. The strong expression of these proteins in the SP indicates that the tissues from this area in riverine T. ilisha may play significant role in chemosensing and signalling through ectopic expression of olfactory receptor proteins which are otherwise reported in olfactory organs in vertebrates. Being migratory in nature, ectopic expression of these receptors in T. ilisha probably helps them to prevent damage to epidermal tissues of the SP, or they may also utilize them as a chemo and mechanosensory tool to optimize chemo-communications during migration. 相似文献
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【目的】建立花椒窄吉丁Agrilus zanthoxylumi成虫触角转录组数据库,挖掘嗅觉相关基因,为今后研究其触角的化学感受机制及生物防控提供理论支撑。【方法】采用高通量测序平台IlluminaNovaSeq 6000对花椒窄吉丁雌雄成虫触角进行转录组测序,用Trinity软件对获得的高质量reads进行序列拼接与组装;使用BLAST软件将触角转录组数据比对NR, NT, Swiss-Prot, GO, KEGG, BLASTX,eggNOG, Pfam, TmHMM, SignalP, KO, Map, BLASTP和RNAMMER公共数据库;基于初步筛选到的花椒窄吉丁候选气味结合蛋白(odorant binding protein, OBP)和化学感受蛋白(chemosensory protein, CSP)以及其他鞘翅目昆虫的同源蛋白的核苷酸序列,利用MEGA软件进行系统进化分析。运用RPKM (reads perkilobase per million mapped reads)值对嗅觉相关基因表达量进行分析。【结果】花椒窄吉丁雌雄成虫触角转录组测序共获得36 209条基因和90 982条转录本,其N50分别为2 103和2 523 bp,组装完整性较高。注释到NR数据库的基因最多(41.62%),其中与赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum相似基因所占比例最高(19%)。在GO数据库中比对到11 614个基因,按功能分为细胞组分、分子功能与生物学进程三大类57个分支,其中分子功能大类中的结合(70.57%)与催化活性(45.51%)相关基因占比最多;KEGG代谢途径分析表明,7 427条基因参与了5类代谢通路,其中涉及信号转导的基因最多,为815条;筛选到7个候选OBP基因和5个具有全长开放阅读框的CSP基因,其编码蛋白均具有化学感受蛋白家族的典型特征。系统进化分析表明,花椒窄吉丁OBPs和CSPs分别与苹果小吉丁A. mali的OBPs和CSPs氨基酸序列一致性最高。RPKM值表明,嗅觉相关基因AzanOBP1和AzanOBP2在雌成虫触角中不表达,在雄成虫触角中微量表达;AzanOBP3在雄成虫触角中高丰度表达。【结论】首次获得了花椒窄吉丁成虫触角转录组数据,筛选到了花椒窄吉丁OBP, CSP, Or, IR和SNMP等的嗅觉相关基因。推测触角中高丰度表达的OBPs对雄成虫识别同类异性释放的信息素或寄主植物释放的挥发物起关键作用。研究结果可为花椒窄吉丁化学感受基因功能分析及嗅觉感受机制研究奠定分子基础。 相似文献