极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症2例报告

极外侧型椎间盘突出症是椎间盘突出症的一种少见类型,其症状与旁侧型相似,以神经根刺激症状为主。2003~2005年我院收治2例,现报告如下。1病例报告例1:患者,男,39岁,搬动重物时突然发生右大腿疼痛,行走困难3天,经休息、推拿、理疗等处理不见减轻,于2005年3月入院。体检:L3,4椎间     

MIS-TLIF结合钉棒系统治疗极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症的临床研究

目的:观察和比较使用通道下经椎间孔腰椎融合术(Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion;MIS-TLIF)与常规开放手术治疗极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2012.01至2016.01经纳入及排除标准筛选后的共计61例腰椎间盘突出症患者。根据不同的手术方法,将上述患者分别纳入实验组(MIS-TLIF组)与对照组(常规开放手术组)。对患者手术前后的疼痛程度(VAS),功能障碍程度(JOA)及各围手术期指标(出血量,手术时间,透视次数,卧床时间,花费,并发症)进行统计学比较。结果:MIS-TLIF组与对照组患者在术前的VAS评分及JOA评分的比较中无显著性差异,经外科手术后,都有显著性改善(P0.05)且两组间无显著统计学差异(P0.05)。但MIS-TLIF组在出血量,卧床时间,并发症等指标中都显著优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:通道下经椎间孔腰椎融合术作为一种微创术式,能够显著改善极外侧型腰椎间盘突出症患者的临床症状,并具有其独有的优势和长处,在临床工作中可以进行进一步的使用和推广。     

腰椎间盘突出症针灸治疗概况

正腰椎间盘突出症(Lumbar disc herniation,LDH)是临床常见病、多发病,主要表现为腰腿疼痛、麻木等,严重者可导致大小便失禁、肢体瘫痪[1]。因此,积极寻求一种尽早稳定病情、改善症状、减少并发症、降低致残率的方法是临床医生的研究目标[2]。目前,该病的治疗主要有手术治疗及非手术治疗。非手术治疗适用于大部分腰椎间盘突出症患者,90%的患者通过非手术治疗后症状得到明显的缓解,而针灸在腰     

保守疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的短期临床疗效分析

目的:分析保守疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的短期临床疗效。方法:选取2013年1月~2013年12月来我科就诊并采取保守疗法治疗的69例腰椎间盘突出症患者,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。其中,37例采用了电针、推拿、中频、牵引和功能锻练等综合疗法(综合疗法治疗组),32例仅采用了药物治疗(单纯药物对照组),比较两组治疗前后的JOA评分及VAS疼痛评分,并比较其临床疗效。结果:治疗后,两组患者的腰椎功能JOA评分均较治疗前明显改善(P0.05),且综合保守治疗组的JOA评分明显高于单纯药物对照组(p0.05);两组患者的VAS疼痛评分均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且综合保守治疗组患者的VAS疼痛评分降低程度明显高于单纯药物对照组(P0.05)。单纯药物对照组的总有效率为71.87%,而综合保守治疗组的总有效率为91.89%,较单纯药物对照组显著升高(P0.05)。结论:与单纯药物治疗相比,采用综合保守疗法治疗腰间盘突出症的短期临床疗效更好,可更有效改善患者的腰椎功能并缓解其疼痛。     

显微椎板开窗盲视法治疗极外侧椎间盘突出症

目的:探讨显微镜下椎板开窗"盲视"法髓核摘除术治疗极外侧椎间盘突出的效果.方法:回顾我院2006年4月至2009年7月经显微镜下椎板开窗"盲视"法髓核摘除术治疗的12例极外侧椎间盘突出症患者的临床资料及随访结果.分析术中、术后并发症情况以及手术效果的长期随访结果.结果:12例病人症状改善良好,手术效果优良.结论:显微镜下椎板开窗"盲视"法髓核摘除术具有安全有效,可同时处理椎管内病变及较少的影响腰椎稳定性等优点,是极外侧椎间盘微创治疗的一种可行的方法.     

臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果

目的:实验观察臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果。方法:对132例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为实验组和对照组,对照组给予传统保守治疗,实验组给予在CT定位引导下用0.5mm穿刺针经皮穿刺腰椎间盘臭氧髓核消溶术治疗。结果:实验组与对照组比较,差异有显著意义(P0.01)。结论:臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果显著,且安全可靠。     

腰椎间盘突出症治验1例

腰椎间盘突出症是骨科常见病,多缠绵反复,主要表现为反复出现腰部酸痛,并向下肢放射,导致小腿胀痛、麻木等,属中医学“腰痛-血瘀证”范畴。作者运用中医活血化瘀、祛风除湿、通络止痛为原则治疗1例腰椎间盘突出症的效果满意,现报告如下。     

腰椎间盘突出症临床分期诊断探讨

目的探讨腰椎间盘突出症(LIDP)量化分期的诊断方法。方法对370例腰椎间盘突出症住院病人进行临床分期和腰腿疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)及JOA(日本骨科协会)腰椎疾患综合成绩评分测评,并对不同临床分期的腰腿疼痛评分及JOA腰椎疾患综合成绩评分进行统计分析。结果不同临床分期间腰腿痛VAS评分及JOA腰椎疾患综合成绩评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),但仍不能给予量化。结论腰腿痛VAS评分及JOA腰椎疾患综合成绩评分有利于指导LIDP临床分期,但尚不能将其作为量化指标来进行分期诊断,目前LIDP临床分期仍然以非量化分期为主。     

电针治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床研究进展

本文阐述了近五年关于电针治疗腰稚间盘突出症的研究概况,从疗效和机制两方面进行归纳总结,为今后的进一步研究提供参考依据.且认为,在疗效方面,取经验单穴疗效最佳,华佗夹脊穴略优于常规背俞穴;机制方面,无论是整体还是局部,目前都有较好的镇痛机理解释.目前电针治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效明显,机理确切,值得推广.     

腰椎间盘突出患者自我效能水平应用效果观察

目的探讨规范的护理干预对提高腰椎间盘突出患者自我效能管理的应用效果。方法将我院2014年1~12月收治的腰椎间盘突出行半椎板减压加髓核摘除的患者71例按住院号的单双号进行分组,单号为对照组34例,双号为观察组37例。对照组给予常规指导,观察组采用规范的干预模式(从住院到出院后6个月),分别在干预前,出院后3、6个月评价两组患者自我效能、疼痛、康复锻炼、平均住院费用、平均住院时间及各种并发症的发生情况。结果观察组干预后不同时段自我效能水平均高于干预前,而且明显高于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者的疼痛明显缓解、康复锻炼的执行力高、平均住院时间及住院费用低、并发症的发生率明显降低,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论护理干预可提高患者的自我效能,以改善其自我管理行为水平,值得临床推广。     

Comparative role of disc degeneration and ligament failure on functional mechanics of the lumbar spine

Understanding spinal kinematics is essential for distinguishing between pathological conditions of spine disorders, which ultimately lead to low back pain. It is of high importance to understand how changes in mechanical properties affect the response of the lumbar spine, specifically in an effort to differentiate those associated with disc degeneration from ligamentous changes, allowing for more precise treatment strategies. To do this, the goals of this study were twofold: (1) develop and validate a finite element (FE) model of the lumbar spine and (2) systematically alter the properties of the intervertebral disc and ligaments to define respective roles in functional mechanics. A three-dimensional non-linear FE model of the lumbar spine (L3-sacrum) was developed and validated for pure moment bending. Disc degeneration and sequential ligament failure were modelled. Intersegmental range of motion (ROM) and bending stiffness were measured. The prediction of the FE model to moment loading in all three planes of bending showed very good agreement, where global and intersegmental ROM and bending stiffness of the model fell within one standard deviation of the in vitro results. Degeneration decreased ROM for all directions. Stiffness increased for all directions except axial rotation, where it initially increased then decreased for moderate and severe degeneration, respectively. Incremental ligament failure produced increased ROM and decreased stiffness. This effect was much more pronounced for all directions except lateral bending, which is minimally impacted by ligaments. These results indicate that lateral bending may be more apt to detect the subtle changes associated with degeneration, without being masked by associated changes of surrounding stabilizing structures.     

Systematic identification of lncRNAs and circRNAs-associated ceRNA networks in human lumbar disc degeneration

ABSTRACT

Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is a common cause of low back and neck pain. The molecular mechanisms underlying LDD, however, are unclear. Noncoding RNAs have been reported to participate in human diseases. We investigated a series of public datasets (GSE67566, GSE56081 and GSE63492) and identified 568 mRNAs, 55 microRNAs (miRNAs), 765 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and 586 circular RNAs (circRNAs) that were expressed differently in LDD than in normal discs. We constructed lncRNAs and circRNAs regulated competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) networks in LDD. Four lncRNAs, DANCR, CASK-AS1, SCARNA2, and LINC00638), and three circRNAs, hsa_circ_0005139, hsa_circ_0037858, and hsa_circ_0087890, were identified as key regulators of LDD progression. We found that hsa-miR-486-5p regulated the crosstalk among circRNA hsa_circ_0000189, lncRNA DANCR and 6 mRNAs, PYCR2, TOB1, ARHGAP5, RBPJ, CD247, SLC34A1. Gene ontology (GO) analysis demonstrated that these differently expressed lncRNAs and circRNAs were involved in cellular component organization or biogenesis, gene expression and negative regulation of metabolic processes. Our findings provide useful information for exploring new mechanisms for LDD and candidates for therapeutic targets.     

The effect of degenerative morphological changes of the intervertebral disc on the lumbar spine biomechanics: a poroelastic finite element investigation

Intervertebral disc degeneration involves changes in the spinal anatomical structures. The mechanical relevance of the following changes was investigated: disc height, endplate sclerosis, disc water content, permeability and depressurisation. A poroelastic nonlinear finite element model of the L4–L5 human spine segments was employed. Loads represented a daily cycle (500 N compression combined with flexion–extension motion for 16 h followed by 200 N compression for 8 h). In non-degenerative conditions, the model predicted a diurnal axial displacement of 1.32 mm and a peak intradiscal pressure of 0.47 MPa. Axial displacement, facet force and range of motion in flexion–extension are decreased by decreasing disc height. By decreasing the initial water content, axial displacement, facet force and fluid loss were all reduced. Endplate sclerosis did not have a significant influence on the calculated results. Depressurisation determined an increase of the disc effective stress, possibly inducing failure. Degenerative instability was not calculated in any simulations.     

Correlation of serum trace elements and melatonin levels to radiological, biochemical, and histological assessment of degeneration in patients with intervertebral disc herniation

The aim of our study was to assess the blood concentrations of some trace elements and melatonin (MLT) in patients with intervertebral disc herniation (IDH) and to investigate the interaction of histological and biochemical degeneration findings with aging. The present study was carried out on 13 subjects (8 women and 5 men) diagnosed with IDH. They were divided into three groups according to their ages. Nighttime serum MLT, zinc (Zn), and magnesium (Mg) levels were determined in all patients. In addition, computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain and magnetic resonance imaging examination of the lumbar spine were obtained in this study. The Zn level and Zn/Mg ratio showed a decline in patients with IDH with aging, whereas the serum Mg level and tissue hydroxyproline content increased. A positive correlation between serum Zn and MLT concentrations was found (r=0.104, p=0.734). In addition, there was a positive correlation between serum Zn level and Zn/Mg ratio (r=0.835 and p<0.01), and a negative correlation between serum Mg level and Zn/Mg ratio (r=−0.571, p<0.05). On CT study, both volume percentage of calcified pineal gland and density of calcification were found to increase progressively with advancing age. The results of semiquantitative evaluation of disc tissues of patients with IDH for histological degeneration findings showed that 66.7% of discs treated had slight degeneration in younger age group, but 75.0% and 100% of discs had moderate or marked degeneration in older age groups. Our data indicated that there is a close relationship between MLT and Zn or Mg levels in the serum samples of patients with IDH, and the levels of these elements might be affected by the presence of degeneration process and serum MLT level, or vice versa.     

A combined numerical and experimental technique for estimation of the forces and moments in the lumbar intervertebral disc

Evaluation of the loads on lumbar intervertebral discs (IVD) is critically important since it is closely related to spine biomechanics, pathology and prosthesis design. Non-invasive estimation of the loads in the discs remains a challenge. In this study, we proposed a new technique to estimate in vivo loads in the IVD using a subject-specific finite element (FE) model of the disc and the kinematics of the disc endplates as input boundary conditions. The technique was validated by comparing the forces and moments in the discs calculated from the FE analyses to the in vitro experiment measurements of three corresponding lumbar discs. The results showed that the forces and moments could be estimated within an average error of 20%. Therefore, this technique can be a promising tool for non-invasive estimation of the loads in the discs and may be extended to be used on living subjects.     

The influence of different magnitudes and methods of applying preload on fusion and disc replacement constructs in the lumbar spine: a finite element analysis

In a finite element (FE) analysis of the lumbar spine, different preload application methods that are used in biomechanical studies may yield diverging results. To investigate how the biomechanical behaviour of a spinal implant is affected by the method of applying the preload, hybrid-controlled FE analysis was used to evaluate the biomechanical behaviour of the lumbar spine under different preload application methods. The FE models of anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) and artificial disc replacement (ADR) were tested under three different loading conditions: a 150 N pressure preload (PP) and 150 and 400 N follower loads (FLs). This study analysed the resulting range of motion (ROM), facet contact force (FCF), inlay contact pressure (ICP) and stress distribution of adjacent discs. The FE results indicated that the ROM of both surgical constructs was related to the preload application method and magnitude; differences in the ROM were within 7% for the ALIF model and 32% for the ADR model. Following the application of the FL and after increasing the FL magnitude, the FCF of the ADR model gradually increased, reaching 45% at the implanted level in torsion. The maximum ICP gradually decreased by 34.1% in torsion and 28.4% in lateral bending. This study concluded that the preload magnitude and application method affect the biomechanical behaviour of the lumbar spine. For the ADR, remarkable alteration was observed while increasing the FL magnitude, particularly in the ROM, FCF and ICP. However, for the ALIF, PP and FL methods had no remarkable alteration in terms of ROM and adjacent disc stress.     

经皮椎间盘镜与椎间孔镜技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症临床对比分析

目的:比较椎间盘镜髓核摘除术(microendoscopic discectomy,MED)与椎间孔镜髓核摘除术(percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy,PELD)治疗腰椎间盘突出症的优缺点、安全性及临床疗效。方法:分析和回顾2012.06-2015.06第四军医大学唐都医院骨科收治的共计118例腰椎间盘突出症患者。经严格的进行纳入和排除标准筛选,其中椎间盘镜组共纳入患者46例,椎间孔镜组患者共纳入患者72例。对所有患者均进行了6个月以上的术后随访,记录和分析两组患者在手术时间、卧床时间、出血量、切口长度、疼痛、并发症等指标。并通过Macnab腰椎功能评分等对两组患者的功能恢复进行比较。结果:在术后,两组患者在疼痛评分及功能恢复方面均有明显的提高,且两组之间并无显著统计学差异(P0.05)。而椎间孔镜组在手术时间、卧床时间,总花费等指标中要优于椎间盘组(P0.05)。但在住院时间,出血量,切口长度及并发症等方面两组无明显的显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:两种手术方式作为脊柱微创手术,能够有效地治疗腰椎间盘突出症,安全程度较高,各有其优劣性,在临床中应根据不同的患者的实际情况进行个性化的选择。