捕蝇草的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　捕蝇草 (Ｄｉｏｎａｅａｍｕｓｃｉｐｕｌａ)。2　材料类别　子叶、叶片。3　培养条件　种子培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ0 .1ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .1。愈伤组织与不定芽诱导培养基 :(2 )ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ0 .5 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ;(3)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ;     

小黑杨花粉植株的诱导

1　植物名称　小黑杨 (Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓｓｉｍｏｎｉｉ×Ｐ .ｎｉ ｇｒａ)。2　材料类别　花药 (ａｎｔｈｅｒ)。3　培养条件　 ( 1 )诱导愈伤组织培养基 :ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 4ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＫＴ 2。 ( 2 )愈伤组织分化培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 ＮＡＡ 0 .5。当愈伤组织分化出嫩芽后 ,将芽切下转入ＭＨ 6 ＢＡ0 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .1培养基上 ,其中ＭＨ培养基为ＭＳ的大量元素和有机物 ,ＭＨ培养基的微量元素 ,再加叶酸 (ｆｏｌａｃｉｎ)及生物素 (ｂｉｏｔｉｎ)各 0 .1。( 3)生根培养基 :1 /2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ 0 .4。上述培养基均添加 2 %…     

山西特有品种梨枣叶片的组织培养及植株再生

1　植物名称　枣 (Ｚｉｚｉｐｈｕｓｊｕｊｕｂａ)品种山西梨枣。2　材料类别　叶片。3　培养条件　以ＭＳ为基本培养基。诱导愈伤组织培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) 2 ,4 Ｄ 1 .5 ＡｇＮＯ3 1 0 .0。诱芽培养基 :(2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ＩＢＡ 0 .     

何首乌愈伤组织诱导和植株再生

1　植物名称　何首乌 (Ｐｏｌｙｇｏｎｕｍｍｕｌｔｉｆｌｏｒｕｍ)。2　材料类别　蒙山阳坡路旁野生植株上的嫩芽。3　培养条件　诱导愈伤组织培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 1 ;(2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ＮＡＡ 1 ;(3) 1 /2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .3;(4) 1 /2ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 0 .1 ;(5 ) 1 /2ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ0 .3;(6 ) 1 /2ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 1 ;(7)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 3 2 ,4 Ｄ 1。芽分化培养基 :(8)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 ;(9)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ;(1 0 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;(1 1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ＮＡＡ 0 .4;(1 2 …     

星花绣线菊的组织培养及快速繁殖

1　植物名称　星花绣线菊 (Ｓｐｉｒａｅａｊａｐｏｎｉｃａｖａｒ.ｓｔｅｌｌｅｒｉｓ)。2　材料类别　茎尖、茎段、叶片、叶柄。3　培养条件　 ( 1 )愈伤组织诱导培养基 :ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 2 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＫＴ 0 .3;( 2 )愈伤组织继代培养基 :6,7 Ｖ 2 ,4 Ｄ 2 .0 ＫＴ 0 .2 5 ＮＡＡ 1 .0 ＬＨ 2 0 0 0 ;( 3)芽诱导培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 .0 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;( 4 )芽增殖培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ0 .2 5 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;( 5 )生根培养基 :1 /2ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ0 .2 5 ＮＡＡ 0 .5。上述培养基的蔗糖含量为 3% ,琼脂为 0 .7% ,…     

分蘖洋葱的组织培养与快速繁殖

1　植物名称　分蘖洋葱 (Ａｌｌｉｕｍｃｅｐａｖａｒ ｍｕｌｔｉ ｐｌｃａｎｓＢａｉｌｅｙｓｙｎ ｖａｒ ＡｇｒｏｇａｔｕｍＤｏｎ)。2　材料类别　鳞茎茎尖。3　培养条件　基本培养基为ＭＳ。愈伤组织诱导培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ ＫＴ 0 5ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) 2 ,4 Ｄ 2 0。愈伤组织分化培养基 :(2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ3 0 ＮＡＡ 1 0 ;(3 ) :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 4 ＮＡＡ 0 1。生根培养基 :(4) 1 /2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ1 5 ＮＡＡ 0 0 1。上述培养基均加蔗糖 3 % ,琼脂 0 8% ,调ｐＨ值为 5 7～5 8,1 2 1℃高温高压灭菌 1 4ｍｉｎ。培养温…     

有棱丝瓜的组织培养及快速繁殖

1　植物名称　有棱丝瓜 (Ｌｕｆｆａａｃｕｔａｎｇｕｌａ)品种“绿旺”。2　材料类别　真叶、下胚轴、上胚轴及胚芽。3　培养条件　基本培养基为 ( 1 )ＭＳ。诱导愈伤组织培养基 :( 2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 5ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .5。诱导胚性愈伤组织及分化培养基 :( 3)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ＩＡＡ 0 .2 ＩＢＡ 0 .2。胚性愈伤组织继代增殖培养基 :( 4 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 4 ＫＴ0 .5 ＮＡＡ 1。生根培养基 :( 5 ) 1 /2ＭＳ ＩＡＡ 0 .2。以上培养基 ｐＨ均为 5 .8。糖浓度在培养基 ( 1 )、( 2 )、( 4 )、( 5 )中为 3% ,在培养基 ( 3)…     

地被菊的组织培养及快速繁殖

1　植物名称　地被菊 (Ｄｅｎｄｒａｎｔｈｅｍａｇｒａｎｄｉｆｌｏｒｕｍ)品种早小菊。2　材料类别　花蕾。3　培养条件　以ＭＳ为基本培养基。愈伤组织诱导及分化培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .2。继代培养基 :(2 )ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .2 ;(3 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .0 2 ＮＡＡ 0 .2 ;(4)ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 2 ＮＡＡ 0 .2。生根培养基 :(5 ) 1 2ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .0 2 ＩＢＡ 1 ;(6 ) 1 2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ 1 ;(7) 1 2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ 2 ;(8) 1 2ＭＳ ＩＢＡ 3。上述培养基均添加 2 %蔗糖 ,0 .7%琼脂。培养基ｐＨ为 6 …     

桔草的组织培养与植株再生

1　植物名称　桔草 (Ｃｙｍｂｏｐｏｇｏｎｇｅｓｏｒｉｎｇｉｉ)。2　材料类别　嫩草的节间组织。3　培养条件　愈伤组织诱导培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) 2 ,4 Ｄ1 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;(2 )Ｎ6 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 2 ,4 Ｄ1 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 ;(3)ＭＳ     

黎豆的组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　黎豆 (Ｓｔｉｚｏｌｏｂｉｕｍｃｏｃｈｉｎｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ) ,别名猫豆、狗爪豆。2　材料类别　无菌种子苗。3　培养条件　基本培养基为ＭＳ。种子萌发及壮苗培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ Ｖｃ 0 .5ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) 0 .1 %活性炭 ;诱导丛芽培养基 :(2 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡｌ.0 ＮＡＡ 0 .1 Ｖｃ 0 .5 ;诱导愈伤组织培养基 :(3 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .0 5 ,(4)ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 0 .5 ,(5 )ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 1 .0 ,(6 )ＭＳ 2 ,4 Ｄ 2 .0 ;分化培养基 :(7)ＭＳ 6 Ａ3 .0 Ｖｃ 0 .5 ＮＡＡ 0 .0 5 ;芽体生长及诱导生根培养基…     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism