共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 27 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Appaiah KA Parvathy A Mathew M Karanth NG 《Journal of microbiology and biotechnology》2011,21(8):858-860
Production of biosurfactant can be substantially increased by the addition of precursors like vegetable oils, petroleum products, and other water-insoluble substances. Pseudomonas Ptm+ strain produces biosurfactant in the presence of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), which specifically emulsifies HCH, a recalcitrant organochlorine pesticide. Addition of previously produced crude biosurfactant by the same organism as a precursor instead of HCH increased production of biosurfactants with a decrease in the total fermentation time from 32 to 24 h. The main objective of this paper was to find alternatives for HCH as an inducer. 相似文献
4.
- Download : Download high-res image (76KB)
- Download : Download full-size image
5.
Aims: To screen and identify biosurfactant producers from petroleum‐contaminated soil; to use response surface methodology (RSM) for medium optimization to enhance biosurfactant production; and to study the properties of the newly obtained biosurfactant towards pH, temperature and salinity. Methods and Results: We successfully isolated three biosurfactant producers from petroleum‐contaminated soil and identified them through 16S rRNA sequence analysis, which exhibit the highest similarities to Acinetobacter beijerinckii (100%), Kocuria marina (99%) and Kineococcus marinus (99%), respectively. A quadratic response model was constructed through RSM designs, leading to a 57·5% increase of the growth‐associated biosurfactant production by Acinetobacter sp. YC‐X 2 with an optimized medium: beef extract 3·12 g l?1; peptone 20·87 g l?1; NaCl 1·04 g l?1; and n‐hexadecane 1·86 g l?1. Biosurfactant produced by Acinetobacter sp. YC‐X 2 retained its properties during exposure to a wide range of pH values (5–11), high temperatures (up to 121°C) and high salinities [up to 18% (w/v) Na+ and Ca2+], which was more sensitive to Ca2+ than Na+. Conclusions: Two novel biosurfactant producers were isolated from petroleum‐contaminated soil. Biosurfactant from Acinetobacter sp. YC‐X 2 has good properties to a wide range of pH, high temperature and high salinity, and its production was optimized successfully through RSM. Significance and Impact of the Study: The fact, an increasing demand of high‐quality surfactants and the lack of cost‐competitive bioprocesses of biosurfactants for commercial utilization, motivates researchers to develop cost‐effective strategies for biosurfactant production through isolating new biosurfactant producers with special surface‐active properties and optimizing their cultural conditions. Two novel biosurfactant producers in this study will widen our knowledge about this kind of micro‐organism. This work is the first application of RSM designs for cultural optimization of biosurfactant produced by Acinetobacter genus and the first report that biosurfactant may be more sensitive to Ca2+ than Na+. 相似文献
6.
槐糖脂的生物合成、发酵及分离纯化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
槐糖脂是一类由酵母菌代谢生产的糖脂型生物表面活性剂,具有优越的表/界面活性和稳定性,且无毒、无刺激、易被生物降解,在众多领域具有良好的应用前景,被认为是最具潜力替代化学表面活性剂的生物表面活性剂之一.历经50余年的研究,槐糖脂的发酵生产工艺日趋成熟,但产品的分离纯化仍是难点.本文系统地综述了槐糖脂的结构、生物合成途径,... 相似文献
7.
8.
Kaar W Hartmann BM Fan Y Zeng B Lua LH Dexter AF Falconer RJ Middelberg AP 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2009,102(1):176-187
Biosurfactants have been the subject of recent interest as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-derived compounds in areas ranging from soil remediation to personal and health care. The production of naturally occurring biosurfactants depends on the presence of complex feed sources during microbial growth and requires multicomponent enzymes for synthesis within the cells. Conversely, designed peptide surfactants can be produced recombinantly in microbial systems, enabling the generation of improved variants by simple genetic manipulation. However, inefficient downstream processing is still an obstacle for the biological production of small peptides. We present the production of the peptide biosurfactant GAM1 in recombinant E. coli. Expression was performed in fusion to maltose binding protein using chemically defined minimal medium, followed by a single-step affinity capture and enzymatic cleavage using tobacco etch virus protease. Different approaches to the isolation of peptide after cleavage were investigated, with special emphasis on rapid and simple procedures. Solvent-, acid-, and heat-mediated precipitation of impurities were successfully applied as alternatives to post-cleavage chromatographic peptide purification, and gave peptide purities exceeding 90%. Acid precipitation was the method of choice, due to its simplicity and the high purification factor and recovery rate achieved here. The functionality of the bio-produced peptide was tested to ensure that the resulting peptide biosurfactant was both surface active and able to be triggered to switch between foam-stabilizing and foam-destabilizing states. 相似文献
9.
Thaniyavarn J Chianguthai T Sangvanich P Roongsawang N Washio K Morikawa M Thaniyavarn S 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2008,72(8):2061-2068
Biosurfactant production by Pichia anomala PY1, a thermotorelant strain isolated from fermented food, was examined as grown in media containing various carbon and nitrogen sources. The optimal conditions for biosurfactant production included 4% soybean oil as carbon source at pH 5.5 at 30 degrees C for 7 d. Under these conditions, the surface tension of the medium decreased to 28 mN/m with oil displacement measured at 69.43 cm(2). Comparative studies of biosurfactant production in media containing glucose or soybean oil were performed. The biosurfactants obtained were isolated and purified by chromatographic methods. The molecular weights of samples were further investigated by mass spectrometry. In medium containing glucose, biosurfactants of molecular weights of 675, 691, and 707 were obtained, while those isolated from medium containing soybean oil were of molecular weights of 658, 675, and 691. These results reveal that sophorolipid compounds containing fatty acids of C20 and C18:1 were produced from both media. 相似文献
10.
The chemical, physical, and emulsifying properties of BSF-1, which is an extracellular lipopolysaccharide biosurfactant produced
byKlebsiella oxytoca strain BSF-1, were studied. BSF-1 was found to be composed mainly of carbohydrate and fatty acids. The average molecular
weight was 1,700–2,000 kDa. The polysaccharide fraction containedl-rhamnose,d-galactose,d-glucose, andd-glucuronic acid at a molar ratio of 3∶1∶1∶1. The fatty acid content was 1.1% (w/w) and consisted mainly of palmitic acid
(C16∶0), 3-hydroxylauric acid (3-OH-C12∶0), and lauric acid (C12∶0). In terms of thermal properties, BSF-1 was revealed to
have inter- and intra-molecular hydrogen bonds. The hydrodynamic volume (intrinsic viscosity) of BSF-1 was 22.8 dL/g. BSF-1
could be maintained as a stable emulsion for 48 h through a low-level reduction in surface tension. The optimal emulsification
temperature was 30°C. Emulsification by BSF-1 was efficient at both acidic and neutral pH values. 相似文献
11.
12.
The dimorphic basidiomycete Ustilago maydis produces large amounts of surface-active compounds under conditions of nitrogen starvation. These biosurfactants consist of derivatives of two classes of amphipathic glycolipids. Ustilagic acids are cellobiose lipids in which the disaccharide is O-glycosidically linked to 15,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid. Ustilipids are mannosylerythritol lipids derived from acylated beta-d-mannopyranosyl-d-erythritol. Whereas the chemical structure of these biosurfactants has been determined, the genetic basis for their biosynthesis and regulation is largely unknown. Here we report the first identification of two genes, emt1 and cyp1, that are essential for the production of fungal extracellular glycolipids. emt1 is required for mannosylerythritol lipid production and codes for a protein with similarity to prokaryotic glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of macrolide antibiotics. We suggest that Emt1 catalyzes the synthesis of mannosyl-d-erythritol by transfer of GDP-mannose. Deletion of the gene cyp1 resulted in complete loss of ustilagic acid production. Cyp1 encodes a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase which is highly related to a family of plant fatty acid hydroxylases. Therefore we assume that Cyp1 is directly involved in the biosynthesis of the unusual 15,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid. We could show that mannosylerythritol lipid production is responsible for hemolytic activity on blood agar, whereas ustilagic acid secretion is required for long-range pheromone recognition. The mutants described here allow for the first time a genetic analysis of glycolipid production in fungi. 相似文献
13.
Dusane DH Dam S Nancharaiah YV Kumar AR Venugopalan VP Zinjarde SS 《Aquatic biosystems》2012,8(1):1-7
Background
Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has received increasing attention due to the growing need to develop safe, time-effective and environmentally friendly technologies for nano-materials synthesis. This paper reports the one pot green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the leaf bud extract of a mangrove plant, Rhizophora mucronata and their antimicrobial effects against aquatic pathogens. Highly stable AgNPs were synthesized by treating the mangrove leaf bud extract with aqueous silver nitrate solution at 15?psi pressure and 121°C for 5 minutes.Results
The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectrum, at 426?nm. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern revealed the face-centered cubic geometry of AgNPs. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis was carried out to identify the possible biomolecules responsible for biosynthesis of AgNPs from the leaf bud extract. The size and shape of the well-dispersed AgNPs were documented with the help of High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) with a diameter ranged from 4 to 26?nm. However a maximum number of particles were observed at 4?nm in size. The antibacterial effects of AgNPs were studied against aquatic pathogens Proteus spp., Pseudomonas fluorescens and Flavobacterium spp., isolated from infected marine ornamental fish, Dascyllus trimaculatus.Conclusion
This study reveals that the biosynthesized AgNPs using the leaf bud extract of a mangrove plant (R. mucronata) were found equally potent to synthetic antibiotics. The size of the inhibition zone increases when the concentration of the AgNPs increased and varies according to species. 相似文献14.
Alkanotrophic Rhodococcus ruber as a biosurfactant producer 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Philp JC Kuyukina MS Ivshina IB Dunbar SA Christofi N Lang S Wray V 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2002,59(2-3):318-324
In this report we examined the structure and properties of surface-active lipids of Rhodococcus ruber. Most historical interest has been in the glycolipids of Rhodococcus erythropolis, which have been extensively characterised. R. erythropolis has been of interest due to its great metabolic diversity. Only recently has the metabolic potential of R. ruber begun to be explored. One major difference in the two species is that most R. ruber strains are able to oxidise the gaseous alkanes propane and butane. In preparation for investigation of the effects of gas metabolism on biosurfactant production, we set out to characterise the biosurfactants produced during growth on liquid n-alkanes and to compare these with R. erythropolis glycolipids. 相似文献
15.
Biosurfactants could potentially outperform traditional surfactants in many applications whilst being more sustainable to
source, manufacture, use and dispose of. However, currently available fermentation production methods are too inefficient
to manufacture biosurfactants for these high volume markets. Foaming in an inherent issue with biosurfactant production and
adds significantly to the cost of production using traditional unit operations. This review illustrates how the application
of process engineering has enabled nuisance foaming to be transformed into a cost saving feature of the production system.
The scope of biosurfactants and their application is discussed and the fundamentals of foam generation and control are reviewed.
The range of specific phenomena associated with the interaction of foams with bioproducts is assessed. Finally, recent work
which has aimed at taking advantage of some of these phenomena in order to intensify the biosurfactant production process
is discussed in detail. 相似文献
16.
Ellaiah P Prabhakar T Sreekanth M Taleb AT Raju PB Saisha V 《Indian journal of experimental biology》2002,40(9):1083-1086
Microorganisms, that degrade hydrocarbon were isolated and screened for their biosurfactant activity. A total of 68 strains were isolated and tested for their glycolipid activity of which 4 isolates showed good glycolipid activity. Isolate K10 gave the maximum biosurfactant production in medium A (containing kerosene as a sole carbon source) as compared to medium B (containing glucose as a sole carbon source). Characterization of isolate K10 showed that it belongs to Pseudomonas species. 相似文献
17.
18.
Partial solubilization of North Dakota Beulah Zap lignite coal was demonstrated using crude biosurfactant preparations from glucose‐based stationary‐phase cultures of Candida bombicola. Results suggest that biosurfactant activity by this organism is a minor mechanism by which portions of coal can be biologically solubilized. 相似文献
19.
H E Reiling U Thanei-Wyss L H Guerra-Santos R Hirt O K?ppeli A Fiechter 《Applied and environmental microbiology》1986,51(5):985-989
Rhamnolipid biosurfactants were continuously produced with Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the pilot plant scale. Production and downstream processing elaborated on the laboratory scale were adapted to the larger scale. Differences in performance resulting from the scale-up are discussed. A biosurfactant concentration of approximately 2.25 g liter-1 was achieved. The biosurfactant yield on glucose was 77 mg g-1 h-1, and the productivity was 147 mg liter-1 h-1, corresponding to a daily production of 80 g of biosurfactant. The first enrichment step consisted of an adsorption chromatography which was followed by an anion-exchange chromatography. The resulting product was 90% pure, and the overall recovery of active material was above 60% with the downstream processing used. 相似文献