神农架龙门河地区基于植被的GAP分析

基于MapInfoProfessional 6 .0软件和野外调查所积累的资料 ,首先找出最佳“投资 效益比”的珍稀濒危物种密集分布区。随后 ,利用GAP分析的方法 ,对龙门河地区现状植被类型图、管理规划图、珍稀濒危物种密集分布区图进行了叠加分析 ,结果表明 :该地区规划管理的gap主要由 3部分组成 ,即原管理方法中不限制人为干扰的区域、原保护区域内没有包含的自然植被类型所属分布区、珍稀濒危物种密集分布区中没有禁止人为干扰的区域。其总面积为 1 736hm2 ,占龙门河地区总面积的 36 .81 %。综合考虑对植物多样性的保护及当地居民的生活所需 ,为该地区今后的管理重点提出了合理化建议     

热点地区与GAP分析研究进展

生物多样性保护的优先性研究是目前资且机构和保护专家关注的热点,热点载欠 ＧＡＰ分析是进行生物多样优先笥分析的两种方法。热点地区分析是根据物种丰富度和特有度,探讨怎样以最小的代价,最大限度地保护区域的生物多样性。ＧＡＰ分析综合考虑区域阱生脊椎动物物种、土地覆主土地所有权和保护状况等方面信息,在保护土地管理实践中,使具有代表性的植被类型、重要物种都得到保护。本文介绍了热点地区和ＧＡＰ分析的概念、基本假     

中药材胡蔓藤GAP栽培技术

近几年来,采用当地野生胡蔓藤进行驯化栽培、优良单株选育、中药材GAP管理,对从事生产的有关人员进行定期培训,以确保中药材胡蔓藤的质量,控制影响胡蔓藤的各种因素,规范胡蔓藤生产各个环节或整个过程,以保证胡蔓藤"安全、优质、稳定、高产"。     

Tissue distribution of GAP1 and GAP1: Two inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate-binding proteins

Two members of the GAP1 family, GAP1^IP4BP and GAP1^m, have been shown to bind the putative second messenger Ins(1,3,4,5)P₄ with high affinity and specificity, though other aspects of their behaviour suggest that in vivo, whereas GAP1^IP4BP may function as an Ins(1,3,4,5)P₄ receptor, GAP1^m may be a receptor for the lipid second messenger PtdIns(3,4,5)P₃. As a step towards clarifying their cellular roles, we describe here how we have raised and characterised antisera that are specific for the two proteins, and used these to undertake a comprehensive study of their tissue distribution. Both proteins are widely expressed, but there are several clear differences between them in the tissues that show the highest levels of expression.     

Structural fingerprints of the Ras-GTPase activating proteins neurofibromin and p120GAP

Ras specific GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), neurofibromin and p120GAP, bind GTP bound Ras and efficiently complement its active site. Here we present comparative data from mutations and fluorescence-based assays of the catalytic domains of both RasGAPs and interpret them using the crystal structures. Three prominent regions in RasGAPs, the arginine-finger loop, the phenylalanine-leucine-arginine (FLR) region and alpha7/variable loop contain structural fingerprints governing the GAP function. The finger loop is crucial for the stabilization of the transition state of the GTPase reaction. This function is controlled by residues proximal to the catalytic arginine, which are strikingly different between the two RasGAPs. These residues specifically determine the orientation and therefore the positioning of the arginine finger in the Ras active site. The invariant FLR region, a hallmark for RasGAPs, indirectly contributes to GTPase stimulation by forming a scaffold, which stabilizes Ras switch regions. We show that a long hydrophobic side-chain in the FLR region is crucial for this function. The alpha7/variable loop uses several conserved residues including two lysine residues, which are involved in numerous interactions with the switch I region of Ras. This region determines the specificity of the Ras-RasGAP interaction.     

RAB3GAP1 and RAB3GAP2 modulate basal and rapamycin-induced autophagy

Macroautophagy is a degradative pathway that sequesters and transports cytosolic cargo in autophagosomes to lysosomes, and its deterioration affects intracellular proteostasis. Membrane dynamics accompanying autophagy are mostly elusive and depend on trafficking processes. RAB GTPase activating proteins (RABGAPs) are important factors for the coordination of cellular vesicle transport systems, and several TBC (TRE2-BUB2-CDC16) domain-containing RABGAPs are associated with autophagy. Employing C. elegans and human primary fibroblasts, we show that RAB3GAP1 and RAB3GAP2, which are components of the TBC domain-free RAB3GAP complex, influence protein aggregation and affect autophagy at basal and rapamycin-induced conditions. Correlating the activity of RAB3GAP1/2 with ATG3 and ATG16L1 and analyzing ATG5 punctate structures, we illustrate that the RAB3GAPs modulate autophagosomal biogenesis. Significant levels of RAB3GAP1/2 colocalize with members of the Atg8 family at lipid droplets, and their autophagy modulatory activity depends on the GTPase-activating activity of RAB3GAP1 but is independent of the RAB GTPase RAB3. Moreover, we analyzed RAB3GAP1/2 in relation to the previously reported suppressive autophagy modulators FEZ1 and FEZ2 and demonstrate that both reciprocally regulate autophagy. In conclusion, we identify RAB3GAP1/2 as novel conserved factors of the autophagy and proteostasis network.     

RAB3GAP1 and RAB3GAP2 modulate basal and rapamycin-induced autophagy

Macroautophagy is a degradative pathway that sequesters and transports cytosolic cargo in autophagosomes to lysosomes, and its deterioration affects intracellular proteostasis. Membrane dynamics accompanying autophagy are mostly elusive and depend on trafficking processes. RAB GTPase activating proteins (RABGAPs) are important factors for the coordination of cellular vesicle transport systems, and several TBC (TRE2-BUB2-CDC16) domain-containing RABGAPs are associated with autophagy. Employing C. elegans and human primary fibroblasts, we show that RAB3GAP1 and RAB3GAP2, which are components of the TBC domain-free RAB3GAP complex, influence protein aggregation and affect autophagy at basal and rapamycin-induced conditions. Correlating the activity of RAB3GAP1/2 with ATG3 and ATG16L1 and analyzing ATG5 punctate structures, we illustrate that the RAB3GAPs modulate autophagosomal biogenesis. Significant levels of RAB3GAP1/2 colocalize with members of the Atg8 family at lipid droplets, and their autophagy modulatory activity depends on the GTPase-activating activity of RAB3GAP1 but is independent of the RAB GTPase RAB3. Moreover, we analyzed RAB3GAP1/2 in relation to the previously reported suppressive autophagy modulators FEZ1 and FEZ2 and demonstrate that both reciprocally regulate autophagy. In conclusion, we identify RAB3GAP1/2 as novel conserved factors of the autophagy and proteostasis network.     

基于China GAP要求的花椒质量安全控制技术

根据中国良好农业规范（China GAP）标准相关控制点的要求,结合我国花椒的生产管理过程中存在质量安全风险的环节和因素,对花椒质量安全的良好农业规范（GAP）控制技术进行了阐述.     

岩黄连规范化种植标准操作规程(SOP)

该操作规程明确规定了岩黄连的种质特征、产地环境、种子标准、育苗技术、栽培技术措施、采收加工、外观品质、成分含量、农药残留以及包装、储运方法等。基地生产应用表明:生长一年采收,平均每株鲜重0.2~0.3kg平均每株产品约0.02~0.03kg;产品以干燥品计岩黄连总碱含量茎叶部不低于0.1%、根部不低于0.2%;产品各项卫生质量均达到国家相关规定。     

基于最受关注濒危物种分布的国家级自然保护区空缺分析

我们收集整理了中国96个最受关注濒危物种的分布点信息, 利用Maxent分布模型模拟其中分布点信息较为充分的46个物种的潜在分布区, 将其余50个分布信息极少物种的分布点直接标示在地图上。通过分析单个物种分布被国家级自然保护区覆盖的比例, 以及国家级自然保护区覆盖最受濒危物种分布热点地区的比例, 对国家级自然保护区进行了空缺分析。截至2014年底, 仅16个最受关注濒危物种的预测分布区被保护区覆盖超过10%。在分布有最受关注濒危物种的数目可能超过10种的像元(0.8421º)中, 仅有8.27%得到国家级自然保护区保护; 另外, 仅有10.9%的最受关注濒危哺乳动物分布热点地区、1.13%的最受关注濒危鸟类分布热点地区和7.26%的最受关注濒危植物分布热点地区得到国家级自然保护区覆盖。结果显示国家级自然保护区对大部分最受关注濒危物种覆盖不足, 尤其是对其中的所有长距离迁徙鸟类; 国家级自然保护区对最受关注濒危物种分布热点地区覆盖也不足, 尤其是在中国东部和南部地区, 自然保护区在这些地区的布局亟待优化。