二陈汤加减联合微波消融术对晚期非小细胞肺癌患者Th17/Treg失衡和血管生成因子的影响

摘要 目的：探讨二陈汤加减联合微波消融术（MWA）对晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者辅助性T细胞17（Th17）/调节性T细胞（Treg）失衡和血管生成因子的影响。方法：选择2020年9月~2022年9月期间我院收治的120例不可或不愿手术切除或体部立体定向放疗的ⅢB-Ⅳ期并同意MWA治疗的NSCLC患者。采用随机对照的方法将所有患者分为观察组（二陈汤加减联合MWA治疗,60例）及对照组（MWA治疗,60例）。对比两组中医主要证候总评分、EORTC生命质量测定量表（EORTC QLQ-C30）评分、Th17/Treg失衡、血清肿瘤标志物、血管生成因子和不良反应发生率。结果：治疗后,观察组中医主要证候总评分、EORTC QLQ- C30评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,观察组Th17细胞比例、Treg细胞比例低于对照组,Th17/Treg比值高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,观察组癌胚抗原（CEA）、鳞状细胞癌相关抗原（SCC-Ag）和角化素蛋白片段19（Cyfra21-1）低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,观察组血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率组间对比未见差异（P>0.05）。结论：二陈汤加减联合MWA对晚期NSCLC患者,可有效降低血清肿瘤标志物水平,促进临床症状改善,调节Th17/Treg比例失衡和血管生成因子。     

多色荧光原位杂交对昆明山海棠和丙烯酰胺诱发微核染色体组成的研究

采用着丝粒和端粒DNA探针多色荧光原位杂交,分析了昆明山海棠和丙烯酰胺诱导的 NIH3T3细胞微核的染色体组成。结果表明,昆明山海棠和丙烯酰胺诱导的由整条染色体组成的微核分别可达70.7％和65.9％,提示昆明山海棠和丙烯酰胺均有较强的非整倍体毒性。     

昆明山海棠根部水抽提物对体外微管蛋白聚合的影响

本研究利用猪脑中分离纯化的微管蛋白聚合和解聚反应,分析了非整倍体诱发剂昆明山海棠根部水抽提物(THH)对微管蛋白聚合状态的影响,从该角度探讨了THH诱发哺乳动物非整倍体的机制。秋水仙素(COL)为本研究的阳性对照物。结果发现THH能显著抑制体外微管蛋白的聚合,该抑制效应呈明显的剂量——效应关系。研究结果与我们以往关于THH为非整倍体诱发剂的实验证据相吻合并进一步提示THH可以抑制微管蛋白聚合作为诱发非整倍体的途径之一。     

Thermal sensitivity of chinese hamster V79 cells related to time after plating and cell-cycle redistribution

1. 1.|Cultured Chinese hamster V79 cells were trypsinized plated and grown attached or inoculated into spinner flasks and grown in suspension from exponnential growth to plateau-phase growth and their thermal sensitivity was measured after various growth times.

2. 2.|For attached cells, cultures were trypsinized and replated either 2 h before or after heating and the results were qualitatively the same: the thermal sensitivity remained approximately the same for the first 20 h and then increased and reached a maximum at 40–70 h. During this time, cells were in an exponential growth phase, and little or no change was observed in the cell-cycle age distribution as measured by flow cytometry (FMF) or [³H]thymidine pulse ([³H]Tdr) labelling.

3. 3.|At longer times after plating, cells grew into plateau phase, and thermal sensitivity decreased and became less than for the cells in exponential growth phase at the beginning of the experiment.

4. 4.|FMF and [³H]Tdr labelling showed that cells were accumulating in G₁ phase as the population density increased and that this accumulation was maximum at about 120–140 h as cells grew into plateau phase. This would account for the decrease in heat sensitivity and the increase in radiosensivity observed in plateau-phase cells.

5. 5.|For cells cultured in suspension there was no change in thermal sensitivity while cells were in exponential growth phase, As cell entered plateau phase, thermal resistance increased and most of the cell population had accumulated in G₁ as measured by FMF.

辐射增敏剂甲硝唑氨酸对坪期V_(79)细胞DNase活力的影响

研究了辐射增敏剂甲硝唑氨酸(CM)对受照前后坪期V_(79)细胞DNase活力的影响。结果表明CM在一定浓度范围内(1—10mmol/L)对DNase的激活作用有浓度依赖关系。细胞经6—12Gyγ线照后DNase活力亦增高,若照射合并CM处理后,则对DNase激活有相加作用。还就DNase活力升高与DNA链断裂间的可能关系进行了讨论。     

苦皮藤素V对东方粘虫中肠细胞及其消化酶活性的影响

苦皮藤素V是从杀虫植物苦皮藤Celastrus angulatus Max.根皮中分离的一种对昆虫具有毒杀活性的新化合物。该文通过电镜观察和生化分析研究了其对东方粘虫Mythimnaseparata(walker)幼虫中肠组织及中肠主要消化酶活性的影响。电镜观察发现,中毒试虫的中肠细胞及其细胞器发生明显病变：柱状细胞顶膜微绒毛零乱、减少;线粒体肿胀,出现空白亮区,双层膜不完整;细胞质密度降低,细胞器排列紊乱;内质网池扩张,囊泡化,粗面内质网减少;杯状细胞杯腔变大,微绒毛减少。消化酶活性测定结果表明,中毒试虫中肠的蛋白酶、淀粉酶及脂肪酶的活性和正常虫相比,无显著变化。因此认为,苦皮藤素V主要作用于中肠细胞的质膜及其内膜系统。     

秋水仙胺(colcemid)诱发雄性小鼠生殖细胞减数分裂延迟和非整倍体的研究

本文以101/E1和C3 H/E1的杂种第一代雄性小鼠为材料,一次性腹腔注射秋水仙胺(COM)(1mg/kg体重)后,分别于第2,6,10,14和18h取材,进行减数分裂延迟和中期Ⅱ(MMII)染色体分析。结果表明,COM可诱发小鼠减数分裂延迟,并对其可能的生物学机制进行了讨论。在本实验条件下,COM未能导致MMII非整倍体率显著升高,并对可能的原因进行了分析。     

Culture of adult rat lung cells: Benzo(a)pyrene metabolism and mutagenesis

Summary A method is described for obtaining and culturing large numbers of lung cells from normal adult male rats. The lungs were perfused in situ to remove blood cells and then perfused via the trachea with a trypsin-collagenase solution to initiate tissue digestion. The tissue was further digested in the enzyme solution and approximately 2×10⁸ viable lung cells were obtained per animal. Primary cultures contained a mixed cell population. Through eight subcultures about 70% of the cell population possessed an epithelial-like morphology, whereas the remaining 30% was fibroblast-like. Three clones of epithelial-like cells were isolated at the fourth subculture. The mass culture lung cells and the epithelial-like clone that was studied retained a normal karyotype and did not grow in soft agar. Both the mass culture cells and the epithelial clone metabolized the lung carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BP) to water-soluble products. Furthermore, the mass culture lung cells metabolized BP to intermediate(s) which mutated Chinese hamster V79 cells from ouabain sensitivity to ouabain resistance. These lung cell cultures have potential use in cell transformation, mutation and carcinogen metabolism studies. Visiting scientist from Hungary. This research was supported by Grant 5 R01 CA20022 and Public Health Service Contract N01 CP33278 from the Division of Cancer Cause and Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health.     

APOPTOSIS OF EHRLICH MOUSE ASCITES CELLS INDUCED BY LONG-TERM EXPOSURE OF WEAK ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS IN VIVO

To study the possibility of apoptosis of tumor cells induced by weak electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in vivo, mice were inoculated with Ehrlich ascites cells and exposed to a long-term electromagnetic field (1 mT, 700 KHz). During the treatment, growth curves of mice were measured and compared between exposed and sham-exposed mice. The results show that the growth curves of healthy controls agree well with the ideal curve of logistic growth, but the growth curves of cancer mice deviate from the ideal curve. There is no difference in growth curves between exposed, and sham-exposed healthy mice, and they both agree with the ideal curve. However, a notable difference in growth curves between exposed and sham-exposed cancer mice was obtained. Moreover, the curves of sham-exposed mice deviate even more than those of the exposed mice; in other words, the growth curves of Ehrlich ascites mice deviate from the ideal curve of healthy mice but are shifted toward it by the EMF treatments. After the treatment, apoptosis of Ehrlich ascites cells from inoculated mice was analyzed by several methods, including flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and DNA gel electrophoresis. Statistical analysis from flow cytometry shows that the apoptotic ratio of cells from exposed Ehrlich ascites mice was significantly higher than that from sham-exposed treated mice. Microscopic observation of Ehrlich ascites cells stained with acridine orange (AO) and propidium iodide (PI) showed typical apoptotic changes in exposed animals whose cell nuclei were highly condensed or fragmented and uniformly stained green by the AO, whereas cell nuclei from sham-exposed mice were stained green and showed a fine reticular pattern. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA from exposed mice showed that the chromatin DNA exhibited ladders, a characteristic feature of internucleosomal degradation of DNA by EMF treatments. For interactions between external electromagnetic fields and DNA, the mechanism of apoptosis of tumor cells induced by weak EMFs is discussed.     

血卟啉衍生物（HPD）对紫膜菌紫质（bR）的光敏化作用

研究了血卟啉衍生物（ＨＰＤ）对嗜盐菌紫膜上蛋白质菌紫质（ｂＲ）的光敏化作用,结果表明,ＨＰＤ与紫膜结合并不影响ｂＲ的光学性质及活性;但经光照射、ＨＰＤ光敏反应后,ｂＲ丧失光循环活性。进一步的探测显示ｂＲ中的视黄醛色素团及色氨酸均在光敏反应中受损,反映了除视黄醛色素团有可能直接受损外,深埋于折叠蛋白内部的部分色氨酸残基。亦可能在ＨＰＤ光敏化过程中被损伤。实验证明,单线态氧（＾１Ｏ２）的作用是ＨＰＤ光     

脱氢表雄酮对高脂诱导的兔主动脉及人脐静脉内皮细胞VCAM-1表达的影响

目的探讨脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandrosterone,DHEA)对高脂诱导的血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)表达的影响,以及全反式维甲酸在这一过程中的作用。方法细胞实验:将培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical ve-nous endothelial cells,HUVEC)分为6组:1.正常对照组;2.ox-LDL组;3.ox-LDL DHEA(低浓度)组;4.ox-LDL DHEA(高浓度)组;5.ox-LDL DHEA 全反式维甲酸组;6.DHEA组。各组均用相应药物作用24h,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应和ELISA法检测各组细胞VCAM-1 mRNA及蛋白的表达情况。动物实验:将大耳白兔分为5组:1.正常对照组;2.高脂组;3.高脂 DHEA组;4.高脂 DHEA 全反式维甲酸组;5.单DHEA组。各组白兔均用相应饲料喂饲2个月后,处死动物。采用逆转录聚合酶链反应和免疫组织化学等方法检测各组白兔主动脉VCAM-1 mRNA及蛋白的表达情况。结果细胞实验:①ox-LDL组VCAM-1的表达明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。②与ox-LDL组相比ox-LDL DHEA组VCAM-1的表达明显降低(P<0.01),并呈现浓度依赖性的特点(P<0.05)。动物实验:①高脂组主动脉VCAM-1的表达明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。②与高脂组相比高脂 DHEA组VCAM-1的表达明显降低(P<0.05)。结论DHEA能够抑制高脂诱导的VCAM-1的表达。这可能是其抗动脉粥样硬化的机制之一。而全反式维甲酸对DHEA的这一作用并无明显增强作用。