脂联素siRNA对3T3-L1细胞基础葡萄糖转运的影响(英文)

目的:构建携带小鼠脂联素(Acrp30)siRNA腺病毒载体,并检测其对小鼠脂肪细胞Acrp30表达以及对3T3-L1脂肪细胞基础葡萄糖转运的影响。方法:设计并化学合成小鼠脂肪细胞Acrp30 siRNA片断,将其亚克隆入AdEaxy XL腺病毒载体系统,在293细胞内包装扩增为重组腺病毒。用此重组腺病毒感染3T3-L1脂肪细胞,用RT-PCR和ELISA检测其Acrp30 mRNA和蛋白表达。采用2 Deoxy-[3H]D-glucose掺入法测定脂肪细胞葡萄糖转运。结果:设计并构建了小鼠Acrp30基因特异性siRNA腺病毒载体,该载体感染脂肪细胞后,能显著抑制Acrp30 mRNA和蛋白表达,影响3T3-L1脂肪细胞基础葡萄糖的转运,与对照组相比,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:构建的Acrp30基因特异性siRNA腺病毒载体能有效的抑制脂联素在3T3-L1脂肪细胞中的表达,从而影响3T3-L1脂肪细胞基础葡萄糖转运。     

从干预SIRT1表达探究急性应激影响糖尿病小鼠葡萄糖代谢和脂肪代谢的机制

摘要 目的：从干预组蛋白去乙酰化酶（Sirtuin1, SIRT1）表达探究急性应激影响糖尿病小鼠葡萄糖代谢和脂肪代谢的机制。方法：以30只C57BL/6小鼠为研究对象,通过高脂饮食和链脲佐菌素腹腔注射诱导的T2DM 模型小鼠,然后随机分为对照组（正常小鼠+柠檬酸盐缓冲液灌胃）、糖尿病组（糖尿病小鼠+柠檬酸盐缓冲液注射）和SIRT1干预组（糖尿病小鼠+SRT1720的载体缓冲液灌胃）。通过血糖仪和胰岛素ELISA试剂盒分别检测小鼠空腹血糖、胰岛素水平。使用血液化学自动分析仪检测小鼠血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）-胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）-胆固醇水平。收集小鼠白色脂肪组织冲洗并称重比较。通过RT-PCR分析脂肪生成转录因子PPARγ和SREBP-1c、脂肪酸合成因子Fas和Ap2、脂肪酸分解因子Hsl的mRNA表达。通过蛋白印迹分析AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1通路蛋白的表达。结果：糖尿病组较对照组空腹血糖、胰岛素水平升高（P<0.05）,SIRT1干预组较糖尿病组空腹血糖、胰岛素水平降低（P<0.05）。糖尿病组较对照组血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、HDL-胆固醇和LDL-胆固醇升高（P<0.05）。糖尿病组较对照组附睾、腹膜后、肠系膜和腹股沟脂肪的重量升高（P<0.05）,SIRT1干预组较糖尿病组的白色脂肪重量降低（P<0.05）。SIRT1干预组较糖尿病组降低（P<0.05）。糖尿病组较对照组的血糖水平在30、60和120分钟时升高（P<0.05）,SIRT1干预组较糖尿病组各时间点血糖水平降低（P<0.05）。糖尿病组较对照组PPARγ、SREBP-1c、Fas、Ap2的mRNA表达升高（P<0.05）,HslmRNA降低（P<0.05）,SIRT1干预组较糖尿病PPARγ、SREBP-1c、Fas、Ap2的mRNA表达升高,HslmRNA降低（P<0.05）。糖尿病组较对照磷酸化AMPK、SIRT1和PGC-1的表达降低（P<0.05）,SIRT1干预组较糖尿病组磷酸化AMPK、SIRT1和PGC-1的表达升高（P<0.05）。结论：调控SIRT1高表达可激活糖尿病小鼠AMPK/PGC-1α 信号通路,同时促进脂肪分解和抑制脂肪合成而表现出抗肥胖作用。     

小鼠缺血性脑损伤模型急性期海马SIRT3与自噬相关蛋白表达水平的相关性分析

摘要 目的：观察小鼠缺血性脑损伤模型急性期海马区域沉默信息因子3(SIRT3)和自噬相关蛋白的表达,并探讨两者的相关性。方法：选择C57BL/6J小鼠,采用大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)法建立缺血性脑损伤模型,并将小鼠随机分为假手术组(sham)和模型组(MCAO)。缺血性脑损伤急性期(6h),采用间接免疫荧光法观察小鼠海马CA1、CA3和DG区域SIRT3的表达,应用蛋白印迹法检测SIRT3、自噬相关蛋白LC3 I/II和Beclin-1的表达,而后用Spearman相关性分析明确SIRT3和LC3-II、Beclin-1表达的相关性。结果：海马各区域SIRT3阳性细胞数量在损伤后明显增多(P<0.05),且SIRT3蛋白表达也相对上调(P<0.05);损伤后自噬相关蛋白LC3-II和Beclin-1表达亦增高(P<0.05);Spearman相关性分析发现SIRT3与自噬相关蛋白LC3-II、Beclin-1表达均呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论：小鼠缺血性脑损伤模型急性期海马区域SIRT3和自噬相关蛋白的表达具有显著相关性,SIRT3对海马区域自噬的调节可能有重要作用。     

脂联素siRNA对3T3-L1细胞基础葡萄糖转运的影响

目的：构建携带小鼠脂联素（Acrp30）siRNA腺病毒载体,并检测其对小鼠脂肪细胞Acrp30表达以及对3T3-L1脂肪细胞基础葡萄糖转运的影响。方法：设计并化学合成小鼠脂肪细胞Acrp30 siRNA片断,将其亚克隆入AdEaxy XL腺病毒载体系统,在293细胞内包装扩增为重组腺病毒。用此重组腺病毒感染3T3-L1脂肪细胞,用RT-PCR和ELISA检测其Acrp30 mRNA和蛋白表达。采用2Deoxy-[3H]D—glucose掺入法测定脂肪细胞葡萄糖转运。结果：设计并构建了小鼠Acrp30基因特异性siRNA腺病毒载体,该载体感染脂肪细胞后,能显著抑制Acrp30 mRNA和蛋白表达,影响3T3-L1脂肪细胞基础葡萄糖的转运,与对照组相比,差异有显著性意5C（P〈0．05）。结论：构建的Acrp30基因特异性siRNA腺病毒载体能有效的抑制脂联素在3T3-L1脂肪细胞中的表达,从而影响3T3-L1脂肪细胞基础葡萄糖转运。     

多囊卵巢综合征肥胖患者血清维生素D、铁蛋白水平、sICAM-1与胰岛素抵抗、糖脂代谢指标的相关性

摘要 目的：探讨多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）肥胖患者血清维生素D、铁蛋白、可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1（sICAM-1）水平与胰岛素抵抗、糖脂代谢指标的相关性。方法：2018年8月到2021年11月,选择在本院妇科诊治的PCOS患者65例作为研究对象,分为PCOS肥胖组（n=30,体重指数＜28 kg/m²）和PCOS非肥胖组（n=35,体重指数<28 kg/m²）。检测与计算两组清维生素D、铁蛋白、sICAM-1、胰岛素抵抗、糖脂代谢指标并进行相关性分析。结果：两组的血清甲状腺素（T4）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）与泌乳素（PRL）对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,肥胖组的血清促黄体生成素（LH）、促卵泡生成素（FSH）、睾酮（T）水平高于非肥胖组（P<0.05）。肥胖组的血清铁蛋白、sICAM-1水平高于非肥胖组,血清维生素D水平低于非肥胖组（P<0.05）。肥胖组的胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、胰岛素水平（FINS）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）较非肥胖组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）低于非肥胖组（P<0.05）。在PCOS肥胖患者中,Pearson分析显示血清维生素D、铁蛋白、sICAM-1与胰岛素抵抗、糖脂代谢指标都存在相关性（P<0.05）。结论：PCOS肥胖患者与非肥胖患者的血清维生素D、铁蛋白、sICAM-1、胰岛素抵抗、糖脂代谢指标水平存在差异,血清维生素D、铁蛋白、sICAM-1水平与胰岛素抵抗、糖脂代谢指标存在相关性。     

肥胖者脂肪组织中TNF-α表达与脂肪细胞大小的相关性分析

目的探讨肥胖者网膜脂肪和皮下脂肪两处肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)蛋白的表达与脂肪细胞大小的相关性。方法选取正常体重者16名,中心型肥胖者32名拟行外科手术患者,术中取出网膜脂肪和皮下脂肪标本,测定脂肪细胞大小,采用western blot方法测定TNF-α蛋白表达。结果肥胖者网膜脂肪和皮下脂肪两处TNF-α蛋白的水平均比正常体重对照组表达高(P<0.01),肥胖者网膜脂肪组织TNF-α蛋白表达高于皮下脂肪(P<0.05),同时研究发现肥胖者皮下脂肪细胞和网膜脂肪细胞大小均明显大于正常体重组(P<0.05),且肥胖者网膜脂肪和皮下脂肪两处脂肪组织TNF-α蛋白表达与脂肪细胞大小呈正相关(网膜:r=0.808,P<0.01;皮下:r=0.452,P<0.05)。结论肥胖者网膜脂肪和皮下脂肪细胞增大,在肥胖相关胰岛素抵抗的发生中起到了重要的作用。     

饲料硒含量对黄颡鱼肠系膜脂肪组织中脂类代谢和miRNAs表达水平的影响

使用3种不同硒含量的饲料饲养黄颡鱼12周, 研究饲料硒含量对黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)肠系膜脂肪组织脂类代谢和miRNAs表达水平的影响, 饲料硒含量分别为0.03(低硒组)、0.25(适宜硒组)和6.39 mg Se/kg饲料(高硒组)。结果表明, 相比较于适宜硒组, 高硒和低硒组中甘油三酯(TG)含量显著升高(P<0.05), 葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)和6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶(6PGD)的酶活性在低硒组中活性显著下降(P<0.05), 在高硒组中活性显著上升(P<0.05); 异柠檬酸脱氢酶(ICDH)的酶活性在低硒组中没有显著性变化(P>0.05), 在高硒组中显著下降(P<0.05); 苹果酸酶(ME)和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)的酶活性在低硒和高硒组中均显著上升(P<0.05)。相比于适宜硒组, 在高硒组miR-26a、miR-183、miR-135、let-7b、let-7c和let-7g的表达量显著上升(P<0.05), 而在低硒组中没有显著性差异(P>0.05); miR-181a-5p和let-7e在低硒组中显著上升(P<0.05), 在高硒组中没有显著性差异(P>0.05); miR-130和miR-203a在低硒和高硒组中表达量均显著上升(P<0.05); miR-200a、miR-143、let-7d和let-7f在低硒组中表达量显著下降同时在高硒组中表达量上升(P<0.05)。miR-143、miR-203a和miR-130在脂肪组织中高表达, 且对硒产生强响应, 通过TargetScanFish6.2和miRwalk3.0共预测3个miRNA的靶基因, 并对靶基因进行KEGG富集分析, 结果显示, miR-143的靶基因在矿物盐吸收、不饱和脂肪酸生物合成、胰岛素通路、自噬、脂肪酸代谢、鞘脂类代谢、调节脂肪细胞脂肪分解和甘油磷脂代谢等途径中显著富集(P<0.05, FDR≤0.05); miR-203a的靶基因在胰岛素抵抗、胰岛素通路、调节脂肪细胞脂肪分解和自噬等代谢途径、信号通路中显著富集(P<0.05, FDR≤0.05); miR-130的靶基因在胰岛素通路、胰岛素抵抗、自噬、鞘脂类代谢、调节脂肪细胞脂肪分解和mTOR通路中显著富集(P<0.05, FDR≤0.05)。综合分析发现, miR-143、miR-203a和miR-130的靶基因共同富集在脂肪酸合成、调节脂肪细胞脂肪分解、胰岛素抵抗等脂代谢相关的通路中, 选取共富集通路中的靶基因进行qPCR检测, 结果显示fas、碳水化合物反应元件结合蛋白α(chrebpα)、肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1α(cpt1α)、激素敏感酯酶(hsl)、固醇调节元件结合蛋白(srebp1)、过氧化物酶体增殖剂激活受体α(pparα)和脂肪组织甘油三酯酶(atgl)的表达趋势与miR-143、miR-203a和miR-130的表达趋势相符合, 推测饲料硒缺乏和过量诱导黄颡鱼肠系膜脂肪组织脂质沉积是通过诱导miR-143、miR-203a和miR-130的表达量上调, 进而负调控靶基因chrebpa、cpt1a、hsl、srebp1、ppara和atgl的表达实现。     

抗阻运动对胰岛素抵抗小鼠海马内焦亡相关蛋白的影响*

目的: 探讨胰岛素抵抗小鼠海马内焦亡相关蛋白的变化,以及抗阻训练对海马内焦亡相关蛋白的调节作用。方法: 6周龄C57BL/6J雄性小鼠随机分为对照组(C, n=12)和高脂膳食组(HFD, n=26)分别进行普通膳食或高脂膳食喂养12周。随后根据葡萄糖耐量实验(GTT)和胰岛素耐量实验(ITT)的结果,将HFD组分为胰岛素抵抗组(IR, n=10)和抗阻运动组(RT, n=10),维持高脂膳食喂养同时RT组小鼠进行抗阻训练。12周后,全部小鼠麻醉后处死,取脑并剥离出海马组织,通过Western blot检测焦亡相关蛋白的表达。结果: 与C组相比,IR组小鼠海马内NF-κB、NLRP3炎症小体、下游焦亡相关蛋白GSDMD-N和GSDMD以及炎症因子IL-1β和IL-18的蛋白表达量显著性上升(P＜0.05),SIRT1蛋白表达量以及p-AMPK蛋白水平显著性下降(P＜0.05);与IR组相比,RT组小鼠海马内NF-κB、NLRP3炎症小体、下游焦亡相关蛋白GSDMD-N和GSDMD以及炎症因子IL-1β和IL-18的蛋白表达量显著性下降(P＜0.05),SIRT1蛋白表达量以及p-AMPK蛋白水平显著性上升(P＜0.01)。结论: 胰岛素抵抗小鼠海马内NLRP3炎症小体被激活,介导海马内发生细胞焦亡;经过12周的抗阻运动可有效抑制NLRP3炎症小体激活,改善海马内细胞焦亡和炎症状态。     

肥胖儿童血浆脂联素的变化及临床意义

目的:检测儿童血浆脂联素(ADPN)的变化及其与肥胖的关系,探讨ADPN在儿童肥胖症发病的意义.方法:265名儿童随机分为肥胖组和正常对照组,分别测定腰围(WC),臀围,腰臀比(WHR),体脂百分比(%BF),甘油三酯(TG),总胆固醇(TC),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),空腹血糖(FBG),空腹胰岛素(FINS)及ADPN,计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),并分析ADPN与体质量指标、糖脂代谢指标的关系.结果:肥胖组儿童ADPN水平低于正常组儿童(P＜0.05),且与BMI、WHR、HOMA-IR、%BF、FINS、TG呈显著负相关(P均＜0.05);多元逐步回归分析显示%BF、BMI、HOMA-IR、FINS是影响ADPN的主要因素.结论:肥胖儿童ADPN水平显著下降,且与体脂含量及胰岛素抵抗密切相关.     

妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血清CST、humanin、VAP-1与糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗的关系研究

目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇血清皮质醇激素抑制素(CST)、humanin、血管黏附蛋白-1(VAP-1)与糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法:选择2017年1月至2019年10月我院妇产科门诊收治的79例GDM患者(GDM组),另选取同期到我院行产检的52例正常妊娠孕妇(NGT组)。检测并比较血清CST、humanin、VAP-1水平,分析CST、humanin、VAP-1与GDM患者糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗的相关性,并作二元Logistic回归分析探讨GDM发病的危险因素。结果:GDM组血清CST、humanin、空腹C肽(FC-P)、C-P峰值/FC-P、胰岛素β细胞功能指数[HOMA-β(C-P)]水平低于NGT组(P<0.05),VAP-1、空腹血糖(FPG)、胰岛素抵抗指数[HOMA-IR(C-P)]、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平高于NGT组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示血清CST水平与FPG、HOMA-IR(C-P)呈负相关(P<0.05),与FC-P、C-P峰值/FC-P、HOMA-β(C-P)呈正相关(P<0.05)。humanin水平与TG、FPG、HOMA-IR(C-P)呈负相关,与FC-P、C-P峰值/FC-P、HOMA-β(C-P)呈正相关(P<0.05)。VAP-1与TG、FPG、HOMA-IR(C-P)呈正相关(P<0.05),与FC-P、C-P峰值/FC-P、HOMA-β(C-P)呈负相关(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示CST、humanin、HOMA-β(C-P)水平降低,年龄、BMI、LDL-C、VAP-1、HOMA-IR(C-P)水平升高是GDM发病的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:GDM患者血清CST、humanin水平降低,VAP-1水平升高,三者均参与GDM发病和胰岛素抵抗。CST与糖代谢紊乱有关,humanin、VAP-1与糖脂代谢异常有关。     

N-Caffeoyltryptophan enhances adipogenic differentiation in preadipocytes and improves glucose tolerance in mice

Coffee consumption has been shown to reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in humans; however, the exact mechanism is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that N-caffeoyltryptophan (CTP), an ingredient of coffee, enhances adipogenic differentiation and promotes glucose uptake into adipocytes. CTP increased lipid accumulation and adipogenic markers (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and FABP4) expression in mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell lines and primary preadipocytes. In addition, CTP promoted glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells. In the oral glucose tolerance test, daily administration of CTP (30 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for a week reduced blood glucose levels in mice. In 3T3-L1 cells, adipogenic differentiation and increased adipogenic markers expression induced by CTP were inhibited by U0126, a selective MEK1/2 inhibitor. Furthermore, mRNA induction of Pparg by CTP was abrogated in SIRT1 siRNA-transfected 3T3-L1 cells. These results suggest the involvement of the MEK/ERK signaling and SIRT1 in the mechanism of adipogenic function of CTP. Taken together, CTP might contribute to the reduction in postprandial glycemia and a subsequent reduction in onset risk for T2DM.     

ACE2 is expressed in mouse adipocytes and regulated by a high-fat diet

Adipose tissue expresses components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE2), a new component of the RAS, catabolizes the vasoconstrictor peptide ANG II to form the vasodilator angiotensin 1-7 [ANG-(1-7)]. We examined whether adipocytes express ACE2 and its regulation by manipulation of the RAS and by high-fat (HF) feeding. ACE2 mRNA expression increased (threefold) during differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and was not regulated by manipulation of the RAS. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed low- (LF) or high-fat (HF) diets for 1 wk or 4 mo. At 1 wk of HF feeding, adipose expression of angiotensinogen (twofold) and ACE2 (threefold) increased, but systemic angiotensin peptide concentrations and blood pressure were not altered. At 4 mo of HF feeding, adipose mRNA expression of angiotensinogen (twofold) and ACE2 (threefold) continued to be elevated, and liver angiotensinogen expression increased (twofold). However, adipose tissue from HF mice did not exhibit elevated ACE2 protein or activity. Increased expression of ADAM17, a protease responsible for ACE2 shedding, coincided with reductions in ACE2 activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and an ADAM17 inhibitor decreased media ACE2 activity. Moreover, ADAM17 mRNA expression was increased in adipose tissue from 4-mo HF-fed mice, and plasma ACE2 activity increased. However, HF mice exhibited marked increases in plasma angiotensin peptide concentrations (LF: 2,141 +/- 253; HF: 6,829 +/- 1,075 pg/ml) and elevated blood pressure. These results demonstrate that adipocytes express ACE2 that is dysregulated in HF-fed mice with elevated blood pressure compared with LF controls.     

Roles of degree of fat deposition and its localization on VEGF expression in adipocytes

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important angiogenic factor and is expressed in wide variety of cell types. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of VEGF production in adipocytes in three sets of experiments. First, to clarify the relation between plasma VEGF concentrations and their expressions in adipose tissues, we investigated the genetically obese db/db and KK-Ay mice. Plasma VEGF concentrations in obese mice were significantly higher than in control and were related to adiposity. VEGF expressions in visceral fat were enhanced during growth and were related to fat deposition. Next, to demonstrate the relation between VEGF production and lipid accumulation in adipocytes, we analyzed VEGF mRNA expression and its protein secretion in 3T3-L1 cells. VEGF production was enhanced during lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells after adipocyte conversion. Next, to clarify the role of anatomic localization on VEGF expression in adipocytes, we implanted 3T3-L1 cells into visceral or subcutaneous fat in athymic mice. 3T3-L1 cells implanted into the mesenteric area expressed more VEGF mRNA than that into the subcutaneous area. Plasma VEGF concentration in the mice implanted in visceral fat was higher than in controls. These results suggest that both the anatomic localization and the lipid accumulation are important for the VEGF production in adipocytes.     

Construction of stable coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor-expressing 3T3-L1 cells

3T3-L1 cells have been used as a model to study the differentiation and physiology of adipocytes. Exogenous expression of proteins in these cells offers the prospect of understanding the protein's function(s) in adipose tissue. Viral vectors, in particular, adenovirus, have proven to be a powerful means for introduction of genes into many cell types. However, we have previously shown that 3T3-L1 cells are inefficiently transduced by adenovirus (Orlicky, D. J., and J. Schaack. 2001. J. Lipid Res. 42: 460-466). To overcome the inefficient transduction, we have stably introduced the gene-encoding coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), which was modified by deletion of the region encoding the cytoplasmic tail, into 3T3-L1 cells. 3T3-L1 CARDelta1 cells are transduced approximately 100-fold more efficiently than parental 3T3-L1 cells. 3T3-L1 CARDelta1 cells should prove to be a useful tool for examination of exogenous protein expression in fat cells.     

Reduction of SIRT1 blunts the protective effects of ischemic post-conditioning in diabetic mice by impairing the Akt signaling pathway

Ischemic post-conditioning (IPO) activates Akt signaling to confer cardioprotection. The responsiveness of diabetic hearts to IPO is impaired. We hypothesized that decreased cardiac SIRT1, a positive regulator of Akt, may be responsible for the impaired responsiveness of diabetic hearts to IPO-mediated cardioprotection. High-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were subjected to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R, 30 min ischemia and 180 min reperfusion) or IPO (three cycles of 10 s of reperfusion and ischemia at the onset of reperfusion). Adenoviral vectors encoding GFP or SIRT1 (Ad-SIRT1) were administered by direct injection into the left ventricular. Our results showed that IPO activated the Akt signaling pathway and reduced MI/R injury in non-diabetic hearts but not in diabetic hearts, in which reduced expression of SIRT1 and increased Akt acetylation were observed. Delivery of Ad-SIRT1 into the diabetic hearts reduced Akt acetylation and restored the cardioprotective effects of IPO by modulating Akt signaling pathway. In contrast, cardiac-specific SIRT1 knockout increased Akt acetylation and blunted the cardioprotective effects of IPO. In in vitro study, transfection with wild-type SIRT1 but not inactive mutant SIRT1 reduced the expression of Akt acetylation and restored the protective effects of hypoxic post-conditioning in high glucose-incubated cardiomyocytes. Moreover, the cardiomyocytes transfected with constitutive Akt acetylation showed repressed Akt phosphorylation and blunted protective effects against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. These findings demonstrate that the reduction of SIRT1 blunts the protective effects of IPO by impairing Akt signaling pathway and that SIRT1 up-regulation restores IPO-mediated cardioprotection in diabetic mice via deacetylation-dependent activation of Akt signaling pathway.