初断乳大鼠视网膜微血管周细胞的分离培养

探讨、优化初断乳大鼠视网膜微血管周细胞(retinal microvascular pericytes,RMPs)的分离、培养方案。分别从15只初断乳大鼠及15只成年大鼠中剜取眼球,采用眼科显微手术器械分离获取视网膜,经碎化、消化、过滤处理,收集视网膜微血管片段,予接种培养。MTT法测绘RMPs生长曲线,通过倒置显微镜观察RMPs形态,免疫荧光法鉴定周细胞标记物。比较2组之间视网膜分离操作时间、完整性、原代细胞数量、周细胞形态和表面标记物表达。结果显示,初断乳大鼠视网膜均成功分离,其中24眼视网膜呈整片分出,6眼视网膜破裂呈碎片状,单个眼球视网膜分离时间为14.3~45.5 s。视网膜分离操作时间及完整性与成年大鼠差异无统计学意义(P0.05),初断乳大鼠原代RMPs细胞产量较成年大鼠高,细胞增殖能力强,细胞形态及表面标记物与成年大鼠一致。研究结果表明,初断乳大鼠视网膜是一种可用于RMPs培养的良好组织原料,该实验成功建立了初断乳大鼠RMPs分离培养体系。     

葡萄糖浓度波动对原代培养的大鼠血管细胞和肾细胞的影响

探讨葡萄糖浓度波动对体外培养的原代大鼠血管细胞和肾细胞的影响。取SD大鼠的主动脉和肾脏进行血管细胞和肾细胞的体外原代培养,每种细胞均分为6组:正常对照组、持续高糖组、持续低糖组、波动组I、波动组II、波动组III。实验24h后,测定细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的泄漏率,细胞液中的β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)的活力,细胞内还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力。结果表明葡萄糖浓度波动各组均能对大鼠血管细胞和肾细胞造成损伤,使细胞外液LDH、NAG的泄漏量明显增加,细胞内GSH、SOD活力明显减少,与持续高糖组和持续低糖组比较差异显著(P<0.001)。且葡萄糖浓度波动对肾细胞的损伤比血管细胞更为明显。说明葡萄糖浓度波动能够导致大鼠血管细胞和肾细胞的损伤,并且其损伤远远大于持续高糖或持续低糖的单独作用效果,损伤的结果与低糖作用细胞的时间呈正相关,在相同的损伤条件下肾细胞比血管细胞对葡萄糖浓度波动更为敏感,损伤更为严重。     

原代小鼠肝脏细胞的高效分离纯化与培养

目的：建立一种能稳定获得高活力和高纯度原代小鼠肝脏细胞的分离、纯化及培养方法。方法：应用改良的Seglen 二步法原位灌注和机械离心分离肝脏细胞,并用改良的高糖DMEM培养基进行培养。台盼蓝拒染法检测接种时肝脏细胞的存活率,倒置显微镜动态观察肝脏细胞形态变化,应用免疫荧光技术对肝脏细胞进行Albumin 染色。结果：每只小鼠可获取肝脏细胞的总产量平均为1.35× 10^6 / g体重,肝脏细胞存活率＞ 90%。倒置显微镜下观察贴壁前肝细胞直径为35.14 滋m± 4.35 滋m,肝脏细胞在接种后3 h基本完成贴壁;肝脏细胞接种后24h,所有肝脏细胞均强阳性表达成熟肝脏细胞标志物Albumin,肝细胞纯度＞ 95%。结论：改良的分离纯化及培养方法能稳定获得高产量、高活率及高纯度的小鼠肝脏细胞。     

大鼠主动脉内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的原代培养及生物学特性比较

目的培养大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞和内皮细胞,细胞纯化与鉴定,比较生物学特性的差异。方法采用血管环贴壁法培养动脉内皮细胞,组织块贴壁法培养动脉平滑肌细胞,并采用有限稀释法挑选内皮细胞单克隆,免疫细胞荧光鉴定二者的特异性标志,相差显微镜观察二者单个细胞及细胞群体在形态上的差异性,CCK-8试剂盒检测细胞的增殖,比较二者对胰酶消化,粘附,冻存后复苏的情况。结果血管环贴壁法成功培养血管内皮细胞,组织块培养法成功培养出血管平滑肌细胞,内皮细胞能够形成单克隆集落,培养的细胞均表达相应的特异性标志,内皮细胞增殖速度和平滑肌细胞有差异,内皮细胞对胰酶的耐受性较差,内皮细胞粘附所需时间短,对冻存后的耐受性较好。结论组织块贴壁法适合内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的培养,有限稀释法能够纯化原代培养的内皮细胞,大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞和内皮细胞在细胞形态、增殖、粘附、对胰酶的反应、冻存后复苏均存在差异。     

家兔肾脏内髓集合管细胞的分离与原代培养

目的：为了分离,培养肾脏内髓集合管（ＬＭＣＤ）细胞。方法;本文采用胶原酶消化和低渗溶解等步骤分离家兔肾脏加ＩＭＣＤ细胞,分离ＤＭＥＭ／Ｆ１２培养基、３７℃,５％ＣＯ２的空气环境中培养;经透射电镜和角蛋白抗体免疫细胞化学等鉴定。结果：几乎所有的培养细胞均被染为棕黄色;电镜观察培养的细胞核大,呈菜成椭形。胞浆少,细胞器少见。细胞膜表面存在许多短而粗的微绒毛。与原ＩＭＣＤ细胞的形态和免疫细胞化学特征相符     

原代小鼠肝脏细胞的高效分离纯化与培养*

摘要目的：建立一种能稳定获得高活力和高纯度原代小鼠肝脏细胞的分离、纯化及培养方法。方法：应用改良的Seglen 二步法原 位灌注和机械离心分离肝脏细胞,并用改良的高糖DMEM培养基进行培养。台盼蓝拒染法检测接种时肝脏细胞的存活率,倒置 显微镜动态观察肝脏细胞形态变化,应用免疫荧光技术对肝脏细胞进行Albumin 染色。结果：每只小鼠可获取肝脏细胞的总产量 平均为1.35× 106 / g体重,肝脏细胞存活率＞ 90%。倒置显微镜下观察贴壁前肝细胞直径为35.14 滋m± 4.35 滋m,肝脏细胞在接种 后3 h基本完成贴壁;肝脏细胞接种后24h,所有肝脏细胞均强阳性表达成熟肝脏细胞标志物Albumin,肝细胞纯度＞ 95%。结 论：改良的分离纯化及培养方法能稳定获得高产量、高活率及高纯度的小鼠肝脏细胞。     

昆虫细胞的大规模培养

昆虫细胞的大规模培养李文青,肖成祖（北京军事医学科学院生物工程研究所,）昆虫细胞培养的鼻祖是德国人ｆｏｒｈａｒｄＢｅｎｄｉｃｔ（１８７８—１９５８）［１］,他在１９１５年发表了有关昆虫细胞培养的第一篇文章［２］。早期,昆虫细胞的培养是为了进行昆虫的生...     

周细胞覆盖率与胃癌侵袭相关性的分析

目的:探讨周细胞在胃癌血管周围的覆盖率是否可以作为判断胃癌预后的一个指标。方法:利用免疫组织化学双染的方法同时标记内皮细胞(抗CD34抗体)和周细胞(抗α-SMA抗体),检测48例胃癌石蜡标本当中微血管壁周细胞覆盖率(microvessel pericyte coverage index,MPI),应用SPSS11.5统计软件分析MPI与胃癌患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、淋巴结转移、临床分期、以及脉管内是否有癌栓等临床病理参数之间的关系。结果:MPI与胃癌的分化程度呈正相关(P=0.002),与脉管内是否有癌栓呈负相关(P=0.002),而与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、临床分期、淋巴结转移等无关(P均0.05)。结论:利用免疫组织化学双染的方法可以清晰标记胃癌的微血管结构,血管的不成熟即周细胞覆盖率低成为胃癌患者预后差的重要因素。     

简易条件下鹌鹑胚胎细胞原代培养初探

简易条件下鹌鹑胚胎细胞原代培养初探严军,洪锡钧第三军医大学生物学教研室重庆６３００３８西南师范大学生命科学系近年来,许多院校在细胞生物学的教研工作中都不同程度地涉及了细胞培养技术。但是由于各个地区、各个层次的教研条件和设施的限制,可能导致细胞培养结果...     

胎儿视网膜色素上皮细胞的原代培养和体外增殖能力的测定

目的：建立胎儿视网膜色素上皮细胞（fRPE）的原代培养方法。方法分离流产胎儿RPE,并进行体外原代培养、传代,免疫荧光检测培养RPE细胞分子标志物。以β细胞增殖诱导剂（二芳基脲衍生物WS3）刺激RPE细胞增殖,并测量其生长曲线。3组细胞比较采用单因素F检验。结果源自不同胎儿的fRPE细胞在原代及体外增殖中并未表现出明显不同。在体外扩增的4代fRPE中,100﹪的细胞表现出了良好的细胞形态。免疫荧光染色证实了体外扩增的fRPE细胞可很好的表达RPE细胞标记物。WS3未见有刺激RPE细胞体外增殖的作用。培养后不同时间三组细胞差异均有统计学意义（F=119.437~234.368,P均=0.000）。结论 fRPE细胞可在非复杂的培养环境中实现体外大量增殖,这些体外增殖的fRPE细胞可以为RPE移植细胞治疗视网膜黄斑病变提供丰富的细胞来源。     

Butyrylcholinesterase in pericytes associated with canine brain capillaries

Summary The distribution of the enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in dog brain cortex and cerebellum was studied by light and electron microscopy using a Hatchett's brown technique. Staining was found in neuron cell bodies and processes, the white matter of the cerebellum, and in capillaries and arterioles. Electron microscopy indicated that the enzyme activity associated with vessels was present in pericytes. Reaction product was found at the cell membrane, the intermembranous space of the nuclear envelope, and the Golgi complex of these cells. The finding of BChE in canine brain pericytes and its absence in endothelium does not support the idea that this enzyme is important in blood-brain barrier function. The pericyte in dog brain may be a site of synthesis of this enzyme and is, in this respect, similar to the endothelial cell of rat brain.     

Mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis induced by core fucosylation in pericytes

Pulmonary fibrosis is a common outcome of a variety of pulmonary interstitial diseases, and myofibroblasts are the main culprit for this process. Recent studies have found that pericytes are one of the major sources of myofibroblasts; the transformation of which involves a complex process of activation of TGF-β/Smad2/3 and PDGFβ/Erk signaling pathways. We have reported that the transforming growth factor-β receptor and platelet-derived growth factor-β receptor (TGF-βR I and PDGFβR, respectively) are modified by glycosylation. Thus, we hope to regulate the above-mentioned signal pathways through core fucosylation (CF) catalyzed by α-1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8). Previous work has confirmed that TGF-β1 can induce the transformation of pericytes into myofibroblasts, while FUT8siRNA can inhibit such transformation. In the present study, we used an adenovirus packaging FUT8 shRNA to infect a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model and determined the effect of CF on pulmonary fibrosis by analyzing the mechanism of CF-mediated pericyte transformation. Our findings may shed new light on the mechanism of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and provide a novel therapeutic target for clinical applications.     

改良的乳鼠原代心房肌细胞的培养及鉴定方法

目的:主要探讨原代心房肌细胞的培养及鉴定方法,为进一步研究心房颤动的重构机制及治疗方法奠定基础。方法:选取1-3 d的SD乳鼠40只,雌雄不限,分离心房、心室肌,胰酶联合EDTA充分消化心房肌细胞,利用心房肌与成纤维细胞的差速贴壁及细胞传代方法纯化心房肌细胞,免疫细胞化学染色鉴定心房肌细胞。结果:心房肌细胞培养至第3天,可见心房肌细胞覆盖率高达90%,并出现波动性,免疫细胞化学染色可见90%的心房肌细胞肌经α-肌动蛋白抗体染色阳性。结论:经酶化学消化法可成功培养出原代心房肌细胞,是一种较好的培养及鉴定乳鼠心房肌细胞的方法。     

Sorbitol dehydrogenase overexpression potentiates glucose toxicity to cultured retinal pericytes

The polyol pathway consists of two enzymes, aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH). There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that acceleration of the polyol pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. However, a functional role remains to be elucidated for SDH in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. In this study, cultured bovine retinal capillary pericytes were used to investigate the effects of SDH overexpression on glucose toxicity. High glucose modestly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, decreased DNA synthesis, and up-regulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA levels in cultured pericytes. SDH overexpression was found to significantly stimulate ROS generation in high glucose-exposed pericytes and subsequently potentiate the cytopathic effects of glucose. Fidarestat, a newly developed AR inhibitor, and N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant, completely prevented these deleterious effects of SDH overexpression on pericytes. Furthermore, fidarestat administration was found to significantly prevent vascular hyperpermeability, the characteristic changes of the early phase of diabetic retinopathy, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Our present results suggest that SDH-mediated conversion of sorbitol to fructose and the resultant ROS generation may play an active role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Blockage of sorbitol formation by fidarestat could be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of early phase of diabetic retinopathy.     

Pigment epithelium-derived factor protects cultured retinal pericytes from advanced glycation end product-induced injury through its antioxidative properties

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) has recently been shown to be the most potent inhibitor of angiogenesis in the mammalian eye, suggesting that loss of PEDF is involved in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. However, a protective role for PEDF in pericyte loss in early diabetic retinopathy remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether PEDF proteins could protect against advanced glycation end product (AGE)-induced injury in retinal pericytes. Ligand blot analysis revealed that pericytes possessed a membrane protein with binding affinity for PEDF. PEDF proteins were found to significantly inhibit AGE-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the subsequent decrease in DNA synthesis and apoptotic cell death in pericytes. Further, PEDF proteins completely restored the down-regulation of bcl-2 gene expression in AGE-exposed pericytes. The results demonstrated that PEDF proteins protected cultured pericytes from AGE-induced cytotoxicity through its anti-oxidative properties. Our present study suggests that substitution of PEDF proteins may be a promising strategy in treatment of patients with early diabetic retinopathy.     

Localization and Transport of N-Acetylaspartylglutamate in Cells of Whole Murine Brain in Primary Culture

Abstract: N -Acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) is the most abundant neuropeptide in the mammalian nervous system. Considerable data support the hypothesis that NAAG is synaptically released in a manner consistent with neurotransmission. Primary murine brain cultures containing neurons and glia expressed 1.2-3.5 nmol of NAAG/mg of protein. In contrast to conclusions drawn from immunohistochemistry, pure glial cultures also expressed high levels of NAAG (0.6-2.11 nmol/mg of protein). These data suggest that although a subpopulation of neurons contains very high NAAG levels, micromolar concentrations of the peptide also are present in glia. Both culture types demonstrated robust extracellular peptidase activity when incubated with NAAG, as well as peptide transport. Uptake of [³H]NAAG was both temperature and sodium dependent, yet relatively insensitive to the presence of extracellular glutamate. These results indicate that synaptically released NAAG, as well as that which may be released from glia, is removed from the extracellular space by direct uptake as well as the robust enzymatic degradation of the peptide. A kinetic analysis of this NAAG transport (estimated K _m= 1.8 μ M ) suggests a high-affinity NAAG transport system. The balance of the two processes of direct peptide uptake and peptide hydrolysis would markedly influence the sequence of receptor-mediated events that follow NAAG release.     

犊牛肝细胞的分离与原代培养

以初生犊牛作肝细胞供者,采用稍加改良的两步胶原酶灌流法和一步灌流结合组织块消化法分离获取肝细胞,并进行原代培养;以台盼蓝染色法测细胞活力,在倒置显微镜下观察肝细胞形态变化,采用Beckman全自动生化分析仪检测较好培养体系不同时间培养上清液中白蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、尿素的含量。结果显示,相比较于一步灌流结合组织块消化法,胶原酶消化法所获取的肝细胞形态完整、贴壁良好、活性高、功能强;LDH漏出量、白蛋白分泌及尿素合成等指标在1周内呈现规律性变化,第3和第4天时LDH漏出量最低,白蛋白分泌及尿素合成功能正常,表明所分离的肝细胞在培养第3￣4天功能最佳。     

犬皮肤成纤维细胞的分离、培养及鉴定

目的探索和建立适用于犬皮肤成纤维细胞的体外分离、培养及鉴定的技术方法。方法采用组织贴块培养法和胰蛋白酶、胶原酶Ⅰ联合消化法对犬皮肤成纤维细胞进行体外培养、传代。并对所培养的细胞进行倒置显微镜观察和苏木素-伊红染色,观察成纤维细胞形态,并对培养细胞行波形蛋白免疫荧光染色。结果倒置相差显微镜下可见长梭形细胞生长,苏木素-伊红染色可见细胞呈漩涡状、平行排列,第5代细胞免疫荧光检测波形蛋白(vimentin)表达阳性。结论建立了高效快速分离和稳定培养成纤维细胞的方法,为诱导犬心房纤维化提供了充足的种子细胞。     

固氮树种组织和细胞培养的种类名录

收集了36种固氮树种组织和细胞培养的资料。