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木酮糖激酶表达水平对酿酒酵母木糖代谢产物流向的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在酿酒酵母中分别引入真菌和细菌的木糖代谢关键酶,木糖还原酶基因XYL1、木糖醇脱氢酶基因XYL2和木糖异构酶基因xylA. 并在此基础上以共转化策略超表达下游关键酶木酮糖激酶基因XKS1. 与亲本菌株相比,用pMA91和YEp24质粒表达XKS1的重组菌株,木酮糖激酶(xylulokinase,XK)活性分别提高了14和6.7倍. 在限氧条件下,重组菌株对木糖和葡萄糖的共发酵结果显示,表达XYL1,XYL2以及XKS1的重组菌株HSXY-251木糖消耗为12.4 g/L,提高了120.9%,乙醇产量达到9.4 g/L,提高了36%,副产物木糖醇产量为0.7 g/L,下降了84.9%. 相似文献
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为了使酿酒酵母较好地利用木糖产生乙醇,将来自Thermus thermophilus的木糖异构酶基因XYLA和酿酒酵母自身的木酮糖激酶基因XKS1,构建到酵母表达载体pESC-LEU中,导入酿酒酵母YPH499中,同时成功表达了两种酶基因。该菌以木糖为唯一碳源进行限氧发酵,木糖的利用率为9.64%,为宿主菌的4.17倍,产生2.22 mmol.L-1的乙醇。同时初步探讨了两种酶基因的表达量对酿酒酵母发酵木糖生成乙醇的影响。木糖异构酶对木糖的利用起关键性的作用,木酮糖激酶的过量表达不利于乙醇生成。 相似文献
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利用不同强度的启动子调控木糖代谢关键酶活性,构建稳定代谢葡萄糖和木糖产乙醇的重组酿酒酵母。以本实验室专利菌株Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y5为宿主菌,将树干毕赤酵母Pichia stipitis CBS6054的木糖还原酶基因XYL1和木糖醇脱氢酶基因XYL2置于磷酸甘油酸激酶基因启动子(PGKp)控制下,酿酒酵母Y5内源的木酮糖激酶基因XKS1分别由己糖激酶基因启动子(HXK2p)及其内源启动子(XKS1p)控制。这3个基因连同各自表达元件导入宿主细胞中,打通其木糖上游代谢途径。酶活测定结果显示,HXK2p对木酮糖激酶表现出更强的启动效率。重组菌Y5-X3-1中木糖还原酶/木糖醇脱氢酶/木酮糖激酶(XR/XDH/XK)的酶活比值为1∶5∶4,其木糖消耗量是宿主菌的5倍,最高乙醇产量为24.35 g/L,达到理论值的73%。结果表明,通过调节XYL1、XYL2及XKS1启动子的强度,调控其表达水平,进而改变3种酶的活性水平,对于提高重组酿酒酵母利用木糖发酵产乙醇有明显效果。 相似文献
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酿酒酵母工业菌株中XI木糖代谢途径的建立 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
根据代谢工程原理,采取多拷贝整合策略,利用整合载体pYMIKP,将来自嗜热细菌Thermusthermophilus的木糖异构酶(XI)基因xylA和酿酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae)自身的木酮糖激酶(XK)基因XKS1,插入酿酒酵母工业菌株NAN-27的染色体中,得到工程菌株NAN-114。酶活测定结果显示,NAN-114中XI和XK的活性均高于出发菌株NAN-27,表明外源蛋白在酿酒酵母工业菌株中得到活性表达。对木糖、葡萄糖共发酵摇瓶实验结果表明,工程菌NAN-114消耗木糖4.6g/L,产生乙醇6.9g/L,较出发菌株分别提高了43.8%和9.5%。首次在酿酒酵母工业菌株中建立了XI路径的木糖代谢途径。 相似文献
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木酮糖激酶基因整合表达载体构建及在酿酒酵母中的过表达 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
【目的】以载体p406ADH1为构建骨架,构建一个酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)工业菌株的整合表达载体。【方法】通过酶切连接的方式,将4个元件片段:作为筛选标记的G418抗性基因KanR,用于基因表达的ADH1终止子片段,酿酒酵母W5自身木酮糖激酶基因,18S rDNA介导的同源整合区,插入到骨架质粒p406ADH1中,得到多拷贝整合表达载体pCXS-RKTr。将该载体线性转化酿酒酵母后,对转化子中木酮糖激酶酶活进行测定,检测其表达情况。【结果】重组质粒在酿酒酵母体内实现了木酮糖激酶的高水平稳定表达,其酶活力是初始菌株的2.87倍。【结论】本实验构建了一个酿酒酵母工业菌株整合表达载体,并用此载体过表达了其自身的木酮糖激酶基因。该重组质粒载体的构建可以有效解决酿酒酵母中自身木酮糖激酶酶活较低的情况,这为利用木糖高产乙醇酿酒酵母基因工程菌株的构建和其它酵母重组质粒载体的构建奠定基础。 相似文献
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【目的】通过系统研究一个、两个及多个非氧化磷酸戊糖(PP)途径基因组合过表达对酿酒酵母木糖代谢的影响,以优化重组菌株的构建过程,构建高效的木糖代谢酿酒酵母菌株。【方法】在酿酒酵母中双拷贝过表达上游代谢途径的关键酶(木糖还原酶XR,木糖醇脱氢酶XDH,木酮糖激酶XKS),在此基础上构建了一系列PP途径基因过表达菌株,并对其木糖发酵性能进行比较研究。【结果】木糖发酵结果显示,不同组合过表达PP途径基因能不同程度改善重组菌株的木糖发酵性能。其中,过表达PP途径全部基因(RKI1,RPE1,TAL1和TKL1)使菌株的发酵性能最优,其乙醇产率和产量较对照菌株分别提高了39.25%和12.57%,同时较其他基因组合过表达菌株也有不同程度的改善。【结论】通过构建PP途径基因不同组合过表达酿酒酵母菌株,首次对PP途径基因对酿酒酵母木糖代谢的影响进行了系统研究,结果表明,不同组合强化PP途径基因对重组菌株木糖代谢的影响存在差异,相对于其他基因过表达组合,同步过表达PP途径全部基因最有利于碳通量流向乙醇。 相似文献
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木糖是仅次于葡萄糖的重要生物工程生产基质,但不能直接被包括啤酒酵母在内的大多数酵母利用,而其异构体——本酮糖可以被这些微生物代谢。本研究利用木糖异构酶使木糖异构化生成木酮糖,在50℃和初始pH=8.0的条件下,木酮糖平衡转化率为21.6%,且随反应温度升高而增大。应用液相色谱技术使木酮糖与木糖分离,经三级色谱分离,纯木酮糖的精制回收率达43.8%。 相似文献
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嗜热细菌木糖异构酶基因xylA在酿酒酵母中的高效表达 总被引:20,自引:2,他引:20
采用PCR技术克隆得到嗜热细菌Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum木糖异构酶(xylose isomerase XI)基因xylA,将该基因连接于酵母表达载体pMA91的磷酸甘油激酶(PGK)启动子下,得到重组质粒pBX1。通过LiAc完整细胞转化法将重组质粒转移至酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)H158受体菌中,得到重组酵母转化子H612,酶活测定结果表明,成功地在酿酒酵母中得到木糖异构酶的活性表达。SDSPAGE电泳结果显示出明显的特异性表达产物带,单体分子量为43kD。由酿酒酵母重组子H612产生的木糖异构酶最高酶活条件与其在自然状态下的一致,均为85℃,pH70,在这一条件下酶的比活力为10U/mg蛋白,而在接近酵母最适生长温度的30℃和40℃时,其相对酶活分别下降37%和11%。研究结果显示在酿酒酵母中得到木糖异构酶的活性表达,为进一步在酿酒酵母菌中建立新的木糖代谢途径打下了基础。 相似文献
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AIMS: Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains harbouring different levels of xylulokinase (XK) activity and effects of XK activity on utilization of xylulose were studied in batch and fed-batch cultures. METHODS AND RESULTS: The cloned xylulokinase gene (XKS1) from S. cerevisiae was expressed under the control of the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter and terminator. Specific xylulose consumption rate was enhanced by the increased specific XK activity, resulting from the introduction of the XKS1 into S. cerevisiae. In batch and fed-batch cultivations, the recombinant strains resulted in twofold higher ethanol concentration and 5.3- to six-fold improvement in the ethanol production rate compared with the host strain S. cerevisiae. CONCLUSIONS: An effective conversion of xylulose to xylulose 5-phosphate catalysed by XK in S. cerevisiae was considered to be essential for the development of an efficient and accelerated ethanol fermentation process from xylulose. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Overexpression of the XKS1 gene made xylulose fermentation process accelerated to produce ethanol through the pentose phosphate pathway. 相似文献
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Gárdonyi M Jeppsson M Lidén G Gorwa-Grauslund MF Hahn-Hägerdal B 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2003,82(7):818-824
Saccharomyces cerevisiae TMB3001 has previously been engineered to utilize xylose by integrating the genes coding for xylose reductase (XR) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) and overexpressing the native xylulokinase (XK) gene. The resulting strain is able to metabolize xylose, but its xylose utilization rate is low compared to that of natural xylose utilizing yeasts, like Pichia stipitis or Candida shehatae. One difference between S. cerevisiae and the latter species is that these possess specific xylose transporters, while S. cerevisiae takes up xylose via the high-affinity hexose transporters. For this reason, in part, it has been suggested that xylose transport in S. cerevisiae may limit the xylose utilization.We investigated the control exercised by the transport over the specific xylose utilization rate in two recombinant S. cerevisiae strains, one with low XR activity, TMB3001, and one with high XR activity, TMB3260. The strains were grown in aerobic sugar-limited chemostat and the specific xylose uptake rate was modulated by changing the xylose concentration in the feed, which allowed determination of the flux response coefficients. Separate measurements of xylose transport kinetics allowed determination of the elasticity coefficients of transport with respect to extracellular xylose concentration. The flux control coefficient, C(J) (transp), for the xylose transport was calculated from the response and elasticity coefficients. The value of C(J) (transp) for both strains was found to be < 0.1 at extracellular xylose concentrations > 7.5 g L(-1). However, for strain TMB3260 the flux control coefficient was higher than 0.5 at xylose concentrations < 0.6 g L(-1), while C(J) (transp) stayed below 0.2 for strain TMB3001 irrespective of xylose concentration. 相似文献
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Gabriel de Souza Colombo Isis Viana Mendes Betúlia de Morais Souto Cristine Chaves Barreto Luana Assis Serra Eliane Ferreira Noronha Nádia Skorupa Parachin João Ricardo Moreira de Almeida Betania Ferraz Quirino 《Letters in applied microbiology》2022,74(6):941-948
The current climate crisis demands replacement of fossil energy sources with sustainable alternatives. In this scenario, second-generation bioethanol, a product of lignocellulosic biomass fermentation, represents a more sustainable alternative. However, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cannot metabolize pentoses, such as xylose, present as a major component of lignocellulosic biomass. Xylose isomerase (XI) is an enzyme that allows xylose consumption by yeasts, because it converts xylose into xylulose, which is further converted to ethanol by the pentose-phosphate pathway. Only a few XI were successfully expressed in S. cerevisiae strains. This work presents a new bacterial XI, named GR-XI 1, obtained from a Brazilian goat rumen metagenomic library. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the bacterial origin of the gene, which is related to Firmicutes XIs. After codon optimization, this enzyme, renamed XySC1, was functionally expressed in S. cerevisiae, allowing growth in media with xylose as sole carbon source. Overexpression of XySC1 in S. cerevisiae allowed the recombinant strain to efficiently consume and metabolize xylose under aerobic conditions. 相似文献
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The demand for biofuel ethanol made from clean, renewable nonfood sources is growing. Cellulosic biomass, such as switch grass (Panicum virgatum L.), is an alternative feedstock for ethanol production; however, cellulosic feedstock hydrolysates contain high levels of xylose, which needs to be converted to ethanol to meet economic feasibility. In this study, the effects of xylose isomerase on cell growth and ethanol production from biomass sugars representative of switch grass were investigated using low cell density cultures. The lager yeast species Saccharomyces pastorianus was grown with immobilized xylose isomerase in the fermentation step to determine the impact of the glucose and xylose concentrations on the ethanol production rates. Ethanol production rates were improved due to xylose isomerase; however, the positive effect was not due solely to the conversion of xylose to xylulose. Xylose isomerase also has glucose isomerase activity, so to better understand the impact of the xylose isomerase on S. pastorianus, growth and ethanol production were examined in cultures provided fructose as the sole carbon. It was observed that growth and ethanol production rates were higher for the fructose cultures with xylose isomerase even in the absence of xylose. To determine whether the positive effects of xylose isomerase extended to other yeast species, a side-by-side comparison of S. pastorianus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was conducted. These comparisons demonstrated that the xylose isomerase increased ethanol productivity for both the yeast species by increasing the glucose consumption rate. These results suggest that xylose isomerase can contribute to improved ethanol productivity, even without significant xylose conversion. 相似文献
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Eleonora Bellissimi Johannes P. van Dijken Jack T. Pronk & Antonius J.A. van Maris 《FEMS yeast research》2009,9(3):358-364
Acetic acid, an inhibitor released during hydrolysis of lignocellulosic feedstocks, has previously been shown to negatively affect the kinetics and stoichiometry of sugar fermentation by (engineered) Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. This study investigates the effects of acetic acid on S. cerevisiae RWB 218, an engineered xylose-fermenting strain based on the Piromyces XylA (xylose isomerase) gene. Anaerobic batch cultures on synthetic medium supplemented with glucose–xylose mixtures were grown at pH 5 and 3.5, with and without addition of 3 g L−1 acetic acid. In these cultures, consumption of the sugar mixtures followed a diauxic pattern. At pH 5, acetic acid addition caused increased glucose consumption rates, whereas specific xylose consumption rates were not significantly affected. In contrast, at pH 3.5 acetic acid had a strong and specific negative impact on xylose consumption rates, which, after glucose depletion, slowed down dramatically, leaving 50% of the xylose unused after 48 h of fermentation. Xylitol production was absent (<0.10 g L−1 ) in all cultures. Xylose fermentation in acetic –acid-stressed cultures at pH 3.5 could be restored by applying a continuous, limiting glucose feed, consistent with a key role of ATP regeneration in acetic acid tolerance. 相似文献
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利用基因工程手段得到重组菌YPH499-3中的spt15有效突变基因,通过表达载体pYX212转化入酿酒酵母原始菌株YPH499中,重新获得酿酒酵母重组菌株。对其性状进行研究,结果表明该菌株能有效利用木糖并共发酵木糖和葡萄糖。在30oC、200r/min,发酵72h时,50g/L木糖的利用率为82.0%,乙醇产率为28.4%;当木糖和葡萄糖以质量比1:1混合发酵时,木糖和葡萄糖的利用率分别为80.4%和100%,乙醇产率为31.4%;同时发现木糖醇的含量极低。从而验证了有效突变基因spt15-10对酿酒酵母共发酵木糖和葡萄糖产酒精的影响。 相似文献