Aetiology of Papillon LeFèvre Syndrome

Papillon LeFèvre Syndrome, or PLS, was first described over 70 years ago. It is characterised by severe periodontal disease, typically leading to loss of teeth by adolescence, combined with palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. The fact that it is associated with consanguinity in particular ethnic groups suggests that genotype may contribute to the aetiology of this syndrome. Microbiological studies have been hampered by the rareness of the condition which makes prospective studies virtually impossible to perform. Numerous studies on small groups of patients, sometimes single cases, together suggest an association of recognised periodontal pathogens with PLS. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans has been especially linked to PLS and raised levels of antibody to A.a. have been measured in some PLS patients, though not others. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia have also been detected in plaque samples from PLS, using monoclonal antibodies. Many other species have also been associated with PLS following culture and identification, as well as use of probes. Treatment has been attempted by eradication of periodontal pathogens so that teeth can erupt into a ‘safe’ environment. Successful treatment has needed intensive treatment and monitoring and good oral hygiene as well as thorough antibiotic therapy of patient, family members and even pets. Recently a Cathepsin C genotype has been strongly linked to PLS. However, this gene cannot account for all features of PLS and we can speculate that additional genes must be involved. It is concluded that PLS results from a combination of host and bacterial factors, including recessive human gene(s) associated with consanguinity, specific periodontal pathogens and lack of thorough oral hygiene. It is also believed that the human genetic component may merit examination as a ‘host factor’ in other bacterial infections.     

Nouveau système de marquage chromosomique: les bandes T

Two new techniques of controlled thermic denaturation are described. They especially show a staining of some terminal regions of chromosomes (terminal bands or T bands). — The application of these techniques to translocations, hardly analysable by the other banding techniques, allow the precise location of juxtatelomeric break points.     

Etude sur les thecamoebiens d'une petite pièce d'eau

Sans résumé     

Etude de la cholangiogénèse chez le foetus humain

Résumé Les auteurs, étudiant les régions périportales et centrolobulaires des foies d'un embryon et de quatre foetus humains, tendent à préciser quelques aspects de la formation des canaux biliaires intrahépatiques. Ils apportent ainsi une nouvelle contribution à la théorie hépatogène de la cholangiogénèse intrahépatique.

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Summary The present study describes the fine structure of tubules surrounded by parenchymal or biliary epithelial cells at the margin of the centrolobular or portal spaces. The hepatogenic theory of intrahepatic cholangiogenesis is discussed.

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Travail subventionné par le «Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique», requête N 3731.

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Avec la collaboration technique de Mlles J. Braeutigam et M.-M. Bertholet et de Mme M. Schreyer.     

Etude de la cholangiogénèse chez le foetus humain

Résumé Les auteurs, étudiant les diverses cellules épithéliales rencontrées dans la région périportale du foie foetal humain, décrivent deux types d'éléments qui possèdent des caractères ultrastructuraux intermédiaires entre ceux de la cellule épithéliale biliaire et ceux de l'hépatocyte.Ils décrivent un type cellulaire à cytoplasme et noyau fortement denses, différents de ceux que l'on observe dans les «dark cells» de Steiner et coll. (1962b).

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Summary The fine structure of the different cells at the margin of the portal spaces was investigated in the foetal human liver. Two types of cells intermediate between biliary epithelial and parenchymal elements were described.In addition, a type of cell in which both the cytoplasm and nucleus are electron-dense was observed. This element is different from the dark cell of Steiner et al. (1962b).

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Travail subventionné par le «Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique», requête N 3731.

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Avec la collaboration technique de Mme M. Schreyer et de Mlle M.-M. Bertholet.     

Reproductibilité interobservateur d'un tympanomètre portatif,le MicroTymp.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the interobserver reliability of tympanograms obtained with the MicroTymp, a portable tympanometer. SETTING: Family medicine teaching unit in a tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS: Thirty-three patients who presented to the ear, nose and throat clinic in August 1990 for an ear problem. INTERVENTION: Three residents in family medicine independently attempted to record with the MicroTymp one tympanogram for the 66 ears. We excluded the results for seven ears for which tympanograms could not be obtained. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Using objective criteria, two family physicians and two residents in family medicine independently classified the 177 tympanograms into five categories (normal, possible effusion, possible perforation, possible tympano-ossicular dysfunction and unclassifiable). Reliability was estimated by means of the kappa (kappa) coefficient on 161 tympanograms from 59 ears for which the interpretation of the three tympanograms agreed. MAIN RESULTS: The interpretation of the three tympanograms agreed for 34 of the 59 ears (0.58) (kappa = 0.52, 95% confidence limits 0.45 and 0.59). There was no significant difference in interobserver reliability between pairs of observers or between symptomatic and asymptomatic ears. CONCLUSIONS: The interobserver reliability of the MicroTymp is moderate. The tympanograms obtained with the instrument should be interpreted in the context of the clinical findings.     

A redescription of Tricliona fasciata Lefèvre, 1885 (Coleoptera,Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae) and changes in a species list of the genus Tricliona Lefèvre, 1885

The type species of the genus Tricliona Lefèvre, 1885, T. fasciata Lefèvre, 1885, is redescribed. Rhyparida armata Jacoby, 1889, Rh. raapi Jacoby, 1899, Rh. bengalensis Jacoby, 1908, and Rh. quinquemaculata Jacoby, 1887 are transferred to the genus Tricliona. Tricliona sulcipennis Jacoby, 1904 and T. sulcatipennis Jacoby, 1896 are transferred to the genus Rhyparida Baly, 1861. A catalogue of the Tricliona species of the Malay Archipelago fauna is given.     

Etude comparative des localisations germinales dans l'oeuf des amphibiens urodèles et anoures

Sans résumé     

Sur la localisation et la transmission d'une mutation chromosomique viable chez l'Amphibien urodèle: Pleurodeles waltlii Michah

A heterozygous reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 5 and 9 has been induced by rays in a fertilized egg of Pleurodeles waltlii. The resulting mutant female gave rise to offspring which, karyotypically, illustrated the six categories of gametes to be expected in the translocation heterozygote. Correspondence was established between these different chromosomal combinations and normal or anormal first generation phenotypes. Mutation T was linked to a partial monosomy (5)-trisomy (9). The structural analysis of the chromosomes at the somatic level led to the interpretation of the segments involved in the initial rearrangement. It consists of a reciprocal translocation probably accompanied by a pericentric inversion, without evident loss of genetic material.     

Etude cytochimique de la spermatogenèse chez Lithobius forficatus L. (Myriapode Chilopode)

Résumé L'étude cytochimique de la spermatogenèse a été envisagée, d'un point de vue qualitatif chez Lithobius forficatus L. (Myriapode Chilopode). Les cellules de la lignée mâle sont de nature essentiellement protéique. On peut distinguer trois grandes périodes: 1. la croissance spermatocytaire, caractérisée par la synthèse d'ARN et de protéines basiques, 2. les phases de division de maturation, 3. la spermiogenèse, marquée par la diminution progressive de la teneur en ARN et en histones.

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Cytochemical study of spermatogenesis in Lithobius forficatus L. (Myriapoda Chilopoda)

Summary A qualitative cytochemical study was carried out of Spermatogenesis in Lithobius forficatus L. (Myriapoda Chilopoda). The gametes are characterized by their protein nature. Spermatogenesis can be divided into three major periods: 1. Spermatocyte growth, a phase of synthesis of RNA and basic proteins, 2. period of maturation divisions, 3. spermiogenesis, characterized by a gradual decrease in the amounts of RNA and histone.

     

Apports de l’imagerie hybride TEMP/TDM dans le descellement aseptique de prothèse de hanche

Hip prosthesis loosening detection is a common indication for bone scan, however, the diagnosis can be difficult to confirm based solely on bone scan information which have a low specificity. The development of bone SPECT/CT hybrid imaging allows the correlation of two complementary modalities to palliate the low sensitivity of CT caused by metallic artefacts and the moderate specificity of bone scan. It becomes a necessity for nuclear medicine physicians to master the bases of pathological hip prosthesis radiological semiology. We propose in this review article to recall the physiopathology of prosthesis loosening then we will describe the radiological and scintigraphic characteristics of hip prosthesis loosening as well as its differential diagnoses and the benefits of other imaging modalities.     

Etude ultrastructurale de l'ovocyte en vitellogenèse chez les Ecrevisses Astacus astacus et A leptodactylus

In crayfish Astacus astacus and A. leptodactylus, protein yolk materials appear to be derived from intra- and extra-oocytic sources.     

Etude ultrastructurale des cirres parapodiaux de Nereidiens atoques (Annélides Polychètes)

Résumé Les cirres parapodiaux deN. pelagica L.,P. cultrifera G. etPl. dumerilii Aud. et M. Edw. sont constitués par une expansion épidermique enveloppant une masse nerveuse comprenant un nerf axial, la névroglie et de nombreuses cellules nerveuses bipolaires. L'épiderme, caractérisé par la présence de formations de type myofilamentaire, est surmonté par une cuticule normale limitée extérieurement par une membrane riche en polysaccharides et dont les plis superficiels renferment un matériel tubulaire disposé en strates parallèles à la surface.Des cellules nerveuses bipolaires, dont l'aspect rappelle étroitement celui de cellules chimioréceptrices, relient le nerf à la surface du cirre. Elles sont soit groupées et portant chacune un seul cil, soit isolées et surmontée chacune de quatre cils; chaque cil est entouré par une couronne de microvillosités prolongeant la surface du bourgeon dendritique. Les cirres parapodiaux deNereis atoques se présentent done comme des chimiorécepteurs.

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Ultrastructural study of the parapodial cirri of atokous nereids (annelida polychaeta)

Summary The parapodial cirri ofN. pelagica L.,P. cultrifera G. andPl. dumerilii Aud. and M. Edw. are formed by an epidermal expansion enveloping a nervous mass which includes an axial nerve, glia and many bipolar nerve cells. The epidermis, characterized by the presence of formations of myofilamentous type, is covered by a normal cuticle limited outside by a membrane rich in polysaccharides the superficial folds of which contain a tubular material disposed in layers parallel to the surface.The bipolar neurons, whose appearance closely resembles that of chemoreceptive cells, send a nerve to the surface of the cirrus. These cells are either grouped and each bearing a single cilium, or isolated and endowed with four cilia; each cilium is surrounded by a crown of microvilli which extend the surface of the dendritic hillock. Therefore, the parapodial cirri ofNereis appear to be chemoreceptors.