翼蓼和中华抱茎蓼挥发油化学成分分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法分别从翼蓼和中华抱茎蓼中提取其挥发油,并用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对挥发油中的化学成分进行分离和结构鉴定,运用气相色谱峰面积归一化法确定各成分的相对百分含量.结果表明:翼蓼中总共鉴定出31种成分,中华抱茎蓼中鉴定出21种成分,分别占到挥发油总含量的84.0%和93.8%,翼蓼挥发油中主要成分是表蓝桉醇(15.9%)、甲苯(8.6%)、反式橙花叔醇(6.9%);中华抱茎蓼挥发油主要成分为邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(19.9%)、2,4-戊二酮(17.2%)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(11.7%)、3-甲基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃(10.7%).     

野生蜂窝草籽中挥发油的研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从野生蜂窝草籽中提取挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其挥发油中的化学组分进行分离和结构鉴定,运用气相色谱面积归一化法确定各个组分的相对百分含量。从蜂窝草籽挥发油中鉴出56种成分,主要组分是油酸(12.57%),棕榈酸(10.36%),1-辛烯-3-醇(7.96%),石竹烯(5.98%),2,4,6-三甲基-1,3,6-庚三烯(5.63%)等。对蜂窝草籽挥发油进行了抗氧化实验和抗菌实验,结果表明蜂窝草籽挥发油对.OH有明显的清除作用,蜂窝草籽挥发油对实验菌株均有明显的抑制和灭活作用特别是对大肠杆菌ATCC25922株和肠炎沙门菌50040株的抗菌活性表现得更为显著。     

GC-MS法分析曼陀罗挥发油的化学成分

用水蒸气蒸馏法从曼陀罗中提取挥发油,并用气相色谱/质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对挥发油的化学成分进行分离鉴定,用气相色谱峰面积归一化法确定各组分的相对含量.结果从曼陀罗挥发油中鉴定出58种化合物,占总挥发油量的92.37%.其中主要成分为5,6-二氢-6-戊基-2H-吡喃-2-酮(44.29%)、二苯胺(12.50%)、四十四烷(10.41%)、二十烷(4.19%)、(E)-3-己烯-1-醇(2.38%)、3,7,11,15-四甲基-2-十六碳烯-1-醇(2.28%)等.     

野生荆条籽中挥发油成分的研究

用水蒸气蒸馏法从荆条中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油成分进行分离和结构鉴定。从荆条籽的挥发油中鉴定出了51个组分,用气相色谱面积归一法确定了各个组分的相对百分含量,其挥发油的主要组成是β-榄香烯(27.98%),芳樟醇(12.39%),贝壳杉烯(12.00%),δ-榄香烯(10.54%),乙酯异冰片脂(8.98%)等。     

利用GC-MS技术分析油橄榄叶挥发油化学成分

本文采用同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)提取油橄榄叶挥发油化学成分,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用方法分析并用峰面积归一化法得出各化学成分在挥发油中的百分含量。结果从油橄榄叶挥发油中分离出62各色谱峰,鉴定出56个化合物,占挥发性组分总量的95.6%。其中主要成分为α-芹子烯(13.13%)、β-芹子烯(10.15%)、β-石竹烯(14.29%)、橙花叔醇(6.72%)、α-石竹烯(6.60%)、3-己烯-1-醇(5.03%)、苯乙醛(5.61%)等。     

头花蓼挥发性成分研究

目的:研究头花蓼(Herba Polygoni Capitati)挥发性成分.方法:利用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取头花蓼挥发性成分,用GC/MS进行分离测定,结合计算机检索技术对分离的化合物进行结构鉴定,应用色谱峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对百分含量.结果:分离出88个成分,确定了51个化合物,占挥发油总量的73.10%.结论:头花蓼挥发油成分大于2%的为1-辛烯-3-醇15.205%,2-己烯醛4.444%,γ-古芸烯4.220%,2-庚烯醛4.047%,壬醛3.280%,长叶冰片2.722%,蓝桉醇2.544%.含量最高的化合物为1-辛烯-3-醇.     

鸡骨柴不同器官挥发油成分分析

采用共水蒸馏法分别提取唇形科香薷属鸡骨柴茎、叶、花中的挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术并结合Kovats保留指数(KI)对比法对挥发油进行了化学成分对比鉴定,运用面积归一化法确定各组分相对含量。分别从茎、叶、花中鉴定出24、33、42种成分。其中花和叶中的主要成分和相对含量相似,分别为1,8-桉树脑(21.9%,24.73%)、丁香烯(8.79%,8.51%)、γ-松油烯(4.57%,5.11%)、邻伞花烃(3.98%,6.13%)等,其次要成分差异较大。茎中的成分与花和叶中的相差较大,主要成分为棕榈酸(65.05%)、植醇(2.75%)、丁香烯(2.53%)等。结果表明,鸡骨柴茎、叶、花挥发油的成分和相对含量各不相同,均含有大量的活性成分,具有较高的应用潜力和综合开发前景。     

花椒挥发油的化学成分分析及体外抑菌活性研究

目的:明确花椒挥发油的主要化学成分及对部分细菌、真菌的体外抑菌活性.方法:①采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取花椒中挥发油并进行GC/MS分析;②K-B纸片扩散法和浓度稀释法测试6种菌株(金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC25923、大肠埃希菌ATCC25922、铜绿假单胞菌ATCC27853、枯草杆菌ATCC6633、白色假丝酵母菌ATCC90028、近平滑假丝酵母菌ATCC22019)体外抑菌活性.结果:①GC/Ms法分离出80余个峰,鉴定出81种物质,用面积归一法确定其相对百分含量;其中5种化合物已占到总量的60%以上,分别为桉树脑15.64%、4-萜品醇15.60%、D-柠檬油精13.72%、β-月桂烯10.20%、α-蒎烯4.03%.②花椒挥发油除对铜绿假单胞菌抑菌活性不明显外,对其它5种菌株均有较好的抑菌活性.结论:①花椒挥发油中化学成分复杂,其中含量超过5%的成分仅4种且最高含量小于16%.②花椒挥发油具有明显体外抑菌活性.     

山莓叶挥发油化学成分的分析

本研究以水蒸气蒸馏法提取山莓叶挥发油,气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)鉴定挥发油的成分,峰面积归一化法确定各成分的相对含量,结果表明:山莓叶挥发油含化学成分133种,其中88种成分得以鉴定;在挥发油成分中,二十一烷(C21H44)相对含量最多,为15.7%,其次为植物醇(C20H40O)和(+)-香橙烯(C15H24),相对含量依次为12.3%,7.98%。     

扁桃叶挥发油化学成分的研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取,运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS),首次对扁桃叶挥发油的化学成分进行分析,并用气相色谱面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量.共鉴定出其中的38种化合物,占挥发油总量的94.52%,其主要成分为:大根香叶烯(18.33%),喇叭醇(9.46%),石竹烯(9.04%),δ-杜松烯(5.73%),...     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.