替吉奥联合奥沙利铂及多西紫杉醇治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效和安全性评估

目的:观察替吉奥联合奥沙利铂及多西紫杉醇治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效,并对其用药安全性进行评估。方法:选取2010年8月—2012年8月在我院接受治疗的晚期胃癌患者68例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组34例。对照组患者采取5-FU+奥沙利铂+多西紫杉醇进行治疗,而观察组患者给予替吉奥+奥沙利铂+多西紫杉醇进行治疗,比较两组患者接受不同药物治疗所得到的近期疗效及不良反应的发生情况。结果:观察组治疗的总有效率为58.82%,而对照组治疗的总有效率为32.35%,观察组明显高于对照组,差异显著,具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者治疗后的不良反应发生率为8.82%,而对照组患者治疗后的不良反应发生率为32.35%,观察组明显低于对照组,差异显著,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:替吉奥联合奥沙利铂及多西紫杉醇治疗晚期胃癌疗效显著,不良反应少,患者耐受良好,值得进一步推广和应用。     

奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨或替吉奥对晚期结肠癌患者血浆miR-21表达的影响

目的:探讨奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨或替吉奥对晚期结肠癌患者血浆微小RNA-21(mi R-21)表达水平的影响及疗效。方法:选择2013年6月至2016年6月我院接诊的90例晚期结肠癌患者,随机分为替吉奥组和卡培他滨组,每组45例。替吉奥组患者采用奥沙利铂联合替吉奥治疗,卡培他滨组患者采用奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清白介素-2(IL-2)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、干扰素-γ(INF-γ)及mi R-21水平变化、客观缓解率(ORR)以及不良反应。结果:治疗后,替吉奥组患者血清IL-2,TNF-α及INF-γ水平均高于卡培他滨组,而血浆mi R-21水平低于卡培他滨组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);替吉奥组客观缓解率(ORR)高于卡培他滨组,而不良反应总发生率低于卡培他滨组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:与卡培他滨相比,奥沙利铂联合替吉奥治疗晚期结肠癌的效果显著,可有效提高患者免疫力,抑制肿瘤发展,且不良反应较少,值得临床推广。     

局部热疗联合替吉奥及奥沙利铂治疗胃癌腹腔转移的疗效观察

目的:评价局部热疗联合替吉奥及奥沙利铂治疗胃癌腹腔转移的疗效、患者生存质量及不良反应。方法:选择2011年1月-2016年1月来我院就诊的82例胃癌腹腔转移患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各41例。对照组采用替吉奥及奥沙利铂治疗,观察组在此基础上加用局部热疗,疗程为4周,治疗后对比两组患者的疗效、生存质量及不良反应情况。结果:治疗后,两组均有一定疗效,观察组的有效率为58.5%,明显高于对照组的31.7%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组的生存质量提高率为73.2%,明显高于对照组的48.8%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组发生呕吐13例,腹泻1例,口腔粘膜炎8例,对照组发生呕吐12例,3例腹泻,口腔粘膜炎9例,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组白细胞减少7例,对照组15例,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:局部热疗联合替吉奥及奥沙利铂治疗胃癌腹腔转移的疗效较好,患者生存质量改善,不良反应较轻。     

顺铂和替吉奥治疗晚期头颈部肿瘤临床疗效观察

目的:研究顺铂和替吉奥治疗晚期头颈部肿瘤临床疗效观察。方法:选取我院收治的晚期头颈部肿瘤患者100例,分为观察组和对照组各50例,观察组用顺铂和替吉奥治疗,对照组用替吉奥治疗,对比治疗效果和不良反应。结果:观察组的有效率高于对照组,不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对晚期头颈部肿瘤患者进行顺铂和替吉奥联合治疗效果好。     

替吉奥治疗结肠癌的研究

目的:探讨替吉奥治疗结肠癌的疗效。方法:75例经病理组织学确诊的结肠癌患者,分为A、B、C组。A组:替吉奥联合奥沙利铂(艾恒)25例。B组:5-Fu/LV联合奥沙利铂(艾恒)25例。C组:替吉奥单药治疗25例。观察疗效、疾病控制率及不良反应。结果:A组、C组与B组对比,不良反应发生率明显降低。A组有效率48%,疾病控制率88%。B组有效率28%,疾病控制率84%。C组有效率32%,疾病控制率80%。结论:替吉奥是结肠癌辅助化疗联合用药及单药治疗老年结直肠癌较好的治疗药物。     

吉西他滨与吉非替尼联合顺铂治疗西北区非小细胞肺癌患者的疗效分析

目的:比较吉西他滨与吉非替尼联合顺铂治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床有效性及安全性。方法:80例非小细胞肺癌患者根据入院顺序平分为治疗组与对照组各40例,治疗组采用吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗,对照组采用吉非替尼联合顺铂治疗,对比观察两组治疗效果及存活时间。结果:经过治疗后,治疗组无完全缓解患(CR)病例,部分缓解(PR)16例,有效率(RR)40.0%;对照组无完全缓解(CR)病例,部分缓解(PR)8例,有效率(RR)20.0%。治疗组的治疗有效率明显高于对照组,两组差异有显着性意义(P<0.05)。治疗组1年生存率为50.0%(20/40),对照组1年生存率为45.0%(18/40),两组1年生存率比较无统计学差异(P>005)。治疗组在治疗中有20例患者出现不同程度的不良反应,治疗组出现23例不同程度的不良反应。两组不良反应主要为皮疹、腹泻、转氨酶升高、皮肤水泡等。两组总的不良反应发生率与各个单项不良反应发生率相比无显着性差异,具有可比性(P>0.05)。结论:吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床有能取得更好的近期治疗效果,同时无明显不良反应,但不会提高1年生存率,值得推广应用。     

三维适形放疗联合替吉奥胶囊口服化疗治疗局部晚期胃癌疗效观察

目的:探讨三维适形放疗联合替吉奥胶囊口服化疗治疗局部晚期胃癌的疗效及安全性。方法:收取2010年1月至2015年1月于我院治疗的局部晚期胃癌患者126例作为研究对象进行回顾性分析,根据治疗方法的不同将其分为观察组65例及对照组61例。对照组患者仅进行三维适形放疗,观察组在此基础上加用替吉奥胶囊口服。对两组患者近期疗效、不良反应发生情况、生活质量以及远期疗效进行观察与比较。结果:观察组患者RR及DCR分别为67.69%及87.69%,对照组RR及DCR分别为34.43%及67.21%,观察组近期疗效明显优于对照组(P0.05)。观察组患者各系统不良反应发生率高于对照组,但差异不显著(P0.05)。观察组患者生活质量改善总有效率为86.15%,明显高于对照组70.49%。观察组患者1年生存率明显高于对照组(P0.05),但3年生存率及5年生存率两组相差不显著(P0.05)。结论:三维适形放疗联合替吉奥胶囊口服具有良好的临床疗效,有助于提高患者生存率及生存质量,但可能会提高不良反应发生风险,需根据患者具体情况设计治疗方案。     

替吉奥与奥沙利铂同步放化疗对转移性三阴乳腺癌患者预后生存质量的影响

本研究为观察分析替吉奥与奥沙利铂同步放化疗对转移性三阴乳腺癌患者预后生存质量的影响。将42例转移性三阴乳腺癌患者进行研究,按照随机数表法将所收治的患者分为治疗组21例和对照组21例。对照组予以静脉滴注130 mg/m~2奥沙利铂,第1天且静脉滴注持续2 h。治疗组在此基础上予以口服60 mg/m~2替吉奥,第1~14天,早晚各1次。2组患者1个疗程均为2周,共治疗2个疗程。观察并比较两组患者治疗后临床疗效、相关毒副作用、远期生存情况以及预后生存质量情况。通关相关分析表明治疗后,治疗组的临床有效率(57.14%)与对照组的临床有效率(23.81%)相比,差异有明显统计学意义(p0.05)。治疗组患者在心理状态、家务活动、家庭关系和工作及经济情况的评分均高于对照组患者,差异具有明显统计学意义(p0.05)。治疗组不良反应发生率(23.81%)与对照组不良反应发生率(66.67%)相比,差异具有统计学意义(p0.05)。研究结果表明,替吉奥与奥沙利铂同步放化疗方案治疗转移性三阴乳腺癌临床治疗效果显著,显著提高患者远期生存情况和生存质量,且患者的毒副作用可耐受,值得在临床上推广使用。     

替吉奥联合奥沙利铂对转移性三阴乳腺癌患者随机对照研究及对PTEN、p53的影响

为了探讨替吉奥联合奥沙利铂对转移性三阴乳腺癌患者随机对照研究及对血清P53抗体(serum P53antibody,P53)、第十号染色体同源丢失性磷酸酶-张力蛋白基(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome ten,PTEN)的影响。将90例转移性三阴乳腺癌患者按系统随机化法分为对照组45例和观察组45例。对照组采用奥沙利铂135 mg/m~2+1 000 m L Glu,静脉滴注,每4周1次,行3个疗程的化疗。观察组在对照组的基础上加用替吉奥胶囊40~60 mg/次,2次/d,每4周1次进行治疗,行3个疗程的化疗。比较2组患者的治疗后的临床疗效、血清P53、PTEN及HIF-α水平及毒副作用。结果表明观察组的总有效率及控制率与对照组比较无明显差异(p0.05),但观察组患者的稳定率(44.44%)明显高于对照组(22.22%)(p0.05)。2组患者的P53、HIF-α指标与治疗前相比均明显降低(p0.05),且观察组患者低于对照组(p0.05);2组患者的PTEN水平与治疗前相比,均明显升高(p0.05),且观察组高于对照组(p0.05)。观察组患者不良反应发生率为11.11%与对照组的17.77%相比,无明显差异(p0.05)。替吉奥联合奥沙利铂治疗转移性三阴乳腺癌疗效肯定,能改善患者血清P53、PTEN及HIF-α水平,且毒副反应小。     

替吉奥联合顺铂治疗晚期胃癌临床疗效研究

目的:研究替吉奥联合顺铂治疗晚期胃癌的疗效和安全性.方法:42例晚期胃腺癌患者随机分为观察组(21例)与对照组(21例)两组,观察组采用替吉奥联合顺铂,对照组采用卡培他滨联合顺铂.结果:两组患者疗效间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组的不良反应主要为骨髓抑制、消化道反应和乏力,观察组Ⅲ～Ⅳ度血小板减少发生率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),Ⅲ～Ⅳ度手足综合征的发生率亦显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:替吉奥联合顺铂治疗晚期胃癌疗效与卡培他滨联合顺铂相当,但其患者耐受性更好,值得临床进一步研究推广使用.     

Reconstitution de la végétation et du paléoclimat à partir de charbons de bois prélevés sur les sites du Paléolithique dans la région de Jungwon en Corée

Hundreds samples of the charcoals and waterlogged woods excavated from three late Paleolithic sites (Suyanggae, Gunang-gul and Sorori) in the Jungwon Region in Korea were analyzed to reconstruct the vegetation and paleoclimate in the region. Analyzed charcoal samples from the Suyanggae site show that the climate was cold in the lower part and it became more warm and dry in the upper part. From the Gunang-gul site, only Picea spp. was identified, indicating cool climates. From the Sorori site, two species were found; Alnus spp. (95%) and Ulmus spp. (5%). No conifers were discovered. The species composition indicates that the climate condition of central Korean peninsula around 8,800 BP was little cooler and wetter condition.     

Dynamic data replacement and adaptive scheduling policies in spark

Improper data replacement and inappropriate selection of job scheduling policy are important reasons for the degradation of Spark system operation speed, which directly causes the performance degradation of Spark parallel computing. In this paper, we analyze the existing caching mechanism of Spark and find that there is still more room for optimization of the existing caching policy. For the task structure analysis, the key information of Spark tasks is taken out to obtain the data and memory usage during the task runtime, and based on this, an RDD weight calculation method is proposed, which integrates various factors affecting the RDD usage and establishes an RDD weight model. Based on this model, a minimum weight replacement algorithm based on RDD structure analyzing is proposed. The algorithm ensure that the relatively more valuable data in the data replacement process can be cached into memory. In addition, the default job scheduling algorithm of the Spark framework considers a single factor, which cannot form effective scheduling for jobs and causes a waste of cluster resources. In this paper, an adaptive job scheduling policy based on job classification is proposed to solve the above problem. The policy can classify job types and schedule resources more effectively for different types of jobs. The experimental results show that the proposed dynamic data replacement algorithm effectively improves Spark's memory utilization. The proposed job classification-based adaptive job scheduling algorithm effectively improves the system resource utilization and shortens the job completion time.

     

« Flûte » et pointes de la Grosse Badlhöhle, Autriche

The Grosse Badlhöhle (Austria, Steiermark) is the origin of one of the most perfect bone points of the early Aurignacian and one of the best perforated femurs of the same period, which can be regarded as musical instruments. Two other fragments of points raise intriguing questions on the first Homo sapiens sapiens which cannot be solved today but will contribute to future research. A review on the debate of Palaeolithic flutes will follow with experimental proofs of boring artificial holes with high quality pictures on the blow-hole and the lack of gnawing traces on the opposite face. The musical possibility of an instrument with only one hole is discussed with ethnographic analogies. Hafting, optimal conditions of strength and possible use of arrows will close the discussion on the Badlhöhle bone artefacts.     

L'hominidé du Pléistocène supérieur en Corée

Since the middle of 1970s, one rock-shelter, six caves and one open archaeological site have yielded several hominid fossils. Among them, fossils from Yonggok, Mandal, Sangsi and Hungsu cave sites are useful to reconstruct the general shape of the Upper Pleistocene Hominids in Korea. The main study of this paper is to focus on the reconstruction of the general shape of the upper Pleistocene hominids, and to examine the cause of cranial changes from the late upper Paleolithic to Mesolithic period in Korea. Biomechanical principles are also applied to reconstruct the social activity of the upper Paleolithic man in Korea. In addition, it is assumed that main proponent of Paleolithic cultures in Korea might be Homo sapiens rather than any other species. Based on the anatomical characteristics of skull, the axillary border of the scapular and the midshaft of the femur, general appearance of Homo sapiens during the Pleistocene in Korea could be reconstructed.     

La stratigraphie du Pléistocène supérieur et le Paléolithique en Corée

In Korea, Quaternary deposits are characterized by marine and fluvial terrace deposits, commonly found in the coastal areas and at the sides of river valleys. The major terraces are classified into 5 different levels, i.e., alluvial plain (3-5 m asl), lower terrace (10-25 m asl), middle terrace (33-50 m asl), high terrace (55-85 m asl), and highest terrace (90-160 m asl). They were formed by the repetition of sedimentation and erosion due to sea level fluctuation and uplifting along the coastal areas during Quaternary period. The formation age of the lower marine terraces at the level of 10-20 m is interpreted to be the last interglacial (75-125 Ka, MIS = 5a-5e). The middle coastal terrace gravels distributed at the level of about 33-45 m above mean sea level and are to be formed before the last interglacial. Above coastal terrace deposits, slope deposits and paleosol layers are overlain and freezing and thawing crackings were developed in them. Major prehistory archaeological sites in the coastal areas are found in the slope deposits formed during last glaciations. The upper parts of the slope deposits are typified by paleosol layers with typical frost cracks (soil wedges) and frangipanes. As geochronological bases for subdividing Paleolithic cultures, two typical paleosol layers are useful because they are mostly found and imprinted with several horizons of frost cracks or soil wedges. The uppermost crack structures were formed under the boreal-periglacial climatic regime during the last glacial period of extremely cold-dry climate in Korea. The upper pedogenetic sediments containing frost cracks or soil wedges were formed between 24 and 17 Ka in many Paleolithic profiles. The lowermost paleosol layer with frost cracks (soil wedge), strongly attacked into hillslope sediments or last interglacial saprolite layers on the weathered basement rocks, were detected at least as old as 59-74,000 Ka. Lastly upper Paleolithic cultural layers were found in the young fluvial deposits, which had been formed since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Some of them were particularly continued as late as the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition Period.     

Comparaison de l'expression de certains caractères crâniens sur les hominidés chinois du Pléistocène récent et de l'Holocène (grotte supérieure de Zhoukoudian, sites de Longxian et de Yanqing)

The human remains recovered from “Grotte supérieure de Zhoukoudian” are the best-preserved Late Pleistocene human fossils in East Asia. For decades, as the representative of the Late Pleistocene human in East Asia, the Upper Cave skulls have been playing important role in the research of origins of modern Mongoloids and American Indians. With the advance of the origin and evolution of modern humans, more attention has been paid to the details and the mechanisms for the late Pleistocene human evolution and the formation of modern human populations. Both the origin and diversification of modern humans have been stressed. Some studies further trigger the debaters on the Upper Cave Man concerning its evolutionary level and its role in the formation of modern human populations in East Asia. To further explore these problems, we examined and compared 12 non-metric features on the 3 Late Pleistocene Upper Cave skulls and 162 Holocene individuals earthed from two archaeological sites of North China (Longxian and Yanqing). Our results indicate that 8 on the 12 features have different expression patterns between Upper Cave Man and recent Chinese leading the authors to believe that more primitive expressions appeared on the Upper Cave Man than on recent Chinese populations. Based on these findings, some problems on the intragroup variation in Late Pleistocene and Holocene populations are discussed.     

Conception et exécution de bases de données intégrées pour l'analyse des rapports spatiotemporels des artefacts du Paléolithique

The archaeologists excavate the historic site and analyze data from the excavation site. Therefore, they study about the past affairs and circumstances unknown to the world. These data are composed of stones, plants, bones and geological features, which are stored in separate files according to the fields of study. It is important to mention that this information become the first step toward the solution of some hypothesis in Archaeology. Therefore, we need the system that can not only support integrated environment to find clues of the past, but also manage existing artifact data systematically and grasp relationships among the data. In this paper, we modeled the time, which is used in archaeology and geology, and built an entity relationship database to store Paleolithic data excavated in Jungwon region site of the Republic of Korea as one resource, which seem to give a base for integrated research and relationships in archaeology. In addition, we developed the Graphic User Interface that allows various users to connect to the established system through the web.     

Le groupe des « bisons adossés » de Lascaux. Étude de la technique de l'artiste par analyse des pigments

The painting matter of the “back to back bison's panel” of Lascaux was examined and analysed by electron microscopy in order to understand the know-how of Magdalenian artists. The observation of several samples coming from specific areas of the two bisons give an access to the nature of the used pigments, to the preparation mode used to obtain various colours and also to the application mode. Thanks to this physicochemical approach, we can make hypotheses about the mind and the gestures of the artists.     

Évolution de la préhension chez les primates humains et non humains : la précision et l'utilisation d'outils revisitées

The term “precision”, involving the contact between the tips of thumb and the index is generally attributed to humans, tool use and associated with morphological criteria. Identified in fossils, those criteria are used to assert that they manipulated tools. Observations of 69 individuals belonging to Catarrhines and Platyrrhines allowed us to quantify surfaces of fingers used during simple tasks of grasping both small and large objects, as well as during complex tasks of proto-tool and tool use. We concluded that precision grasping is not peculiar to humans and that it is not systematically linked to tool use. These results allowed us to discuss morphological traits used till now to deduce precision and tool use from the fossils. Besides, our analyses let appear a recurrent proximity between the capuchins and the humans, species distant in a phylogenetic point of view, suggesting the possible existence of functions and close behaviours in spite of great genetic distinctions.