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细胞表面受体到核的信号通路是现代生物学研究的主题之一。细胞外各种刺激通过和膜受体偶联的G蛋白和酪氨酸激酶介导了一系列丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶介导的级联反应,即分裂原激活蛋白激酶(MAPK)级联反应。MAPK级联反应把细胞外信号传递到核,并汇总了各种信号通路来的传息,因此研究细胞内MAPK的信号通路是十分重要的.本文简要介绍了ERK,JNK和p38三种MAPK途径,着重叙述了p38MAPK信号途径的性质和功能以及在免疫细胞中的作用和某些疾病的临床关系。 相似文献
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《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2013,12(6):1195-1201
Although adult mammals are unable to significantly regenerate their heart, this is not the case for a number of other vertebrate species. In particular, zebrafish are able to fully regenerate their heart following amputation of up to 20% of the ventricle. Soon after amputation, cardiomyocytes dedifferentiate and proliferate to regenerate the missing tissue. More recently, identical results have also been obtained in neonatal mice. Ventricular amputation of neonates leads to a robust regenerative response driven by the proliferation of existing cardiomyocytes in a similar manner to zebrafish. However, this ability is progressively lost during the first week of birth. The fact that adult zebrafish retain the capacity to regenerate their heart suggests that they either possess a unique regenerative mechanism, or that adult mammals lose/ inhibit this process. p38α ΜAPK has previously been shown to negatively regulate the proliferation of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes. We sought to determine whether a similar mechanism exists in adult zebrafish, and whether this needs to be overcome to allow regeneration to proceed. To determine whether p38α ΜAPK also regulates zebrafish cardiomyocytes in a similar manner, we generated conditional transgenic zebrafish in which either dominant-negative or active p38α ΜAPK are specifically expressed in cardiomyocytes. We found that active p38α ΜAPK but not dominantnegative p38α ΜAPK blocks proliferation of adult zebrafish cardiomyocytes and, consequently, heart regeneration as well. It appears that adult zebrafish cardiomyocytes share many characteristics with adult mammalian cardiomyocytes, including p38α MAPK-mediated cell cycle inhibition. These findings raise the possibility that zebrafish-like heart regeneration could be achieved in adult mammals. 相似文献
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Chris Jopling Guillermo Su?è Cristina Morera Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmote 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2012,11(6):1195-1201
Although adult mammals are unable to significantly regenerate their heart, this is not the case for a number of other vertebrate species. In particular, zebrafish are able to fully regenerate their heart following amputation of up to 20% of the ventricle. Soon after amputation, cardiomyocytes dedifferentiate and proliferate to regenerate the missing tissue. More recently, identical results have also been obtained in neonatal mice. Ventricular amputation of neonates leads to a robust regenerative response driven by the proliferation of existing cardiomyocytes in a similar manner to zebrafish. However, this ability is progressively lost during the first week of birth. The fact that adult zebrafish retain the capacity to regenerate their heart suggests that they either possess a unique regenerative mechanism, or that adult mammals lose/ inhibit this process. p38α ΜAPK has previously been shown to negatively regulate the proliferation of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes. We sought to determine whether a similar mechanism exists in adult zebrafish, and whether this needs to be overcome to allow regeneration to proceed. To determine whether p38α ΜAPK also regulates zebrafish cardiomyocytes in a similar manner, we generated conditional transgenic zebrafish in which either dominant-negative or active p38α ΜAPK are specifically expressed in cardiomyocytes. We found that active p38α ΜAPK but not dominantnegative p38α ΜAPK blocks proliferation of adult zebrafish cardiomyocytes and, consequently, heart regeneration as well. It appears that adult zebrafish cardiomyocytes share many characteristics with adult mammalian cardiomyocytes, including p38α MAPK-mediated cell cycle inhibition. These findings raise the possibility that zebrafish-like heart regeneration could be achieved in adult mammals. 相似文献
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p38 MAPK信号传导通路 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activatedporoteinkinase,MAPK)介导了生长、发育,分裂,死亡,以及细胞间的功能同步等多种细胞生理功能,在哺乳动物细胞中已发现和克隆了ERK、JNK/SAPK,ERK5/BMK1和p38/RK四个MAPK亚族,这些新的MAPK介导了物理,化学反激,细菌产物,炎性细胞因子等多种刺激引起的细胞反应,p38亚族至少包括p38(α),p38β,p 相似文献
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肺纤维化(Pulmonary fibrosis,PF)是一种进行性发展的、破坏性的纤维化疾病,其主要特征为肺泡上皮细胞损伤、炎性细胞浸润、上皮间充质转变、成纤维细胞的异常增殖和活化、细胞外基质的过度沉积,最终导致肺实质性的破坏。其具体机制不明,目前缺乏有效的治疗手段逆转这种疾病或阻止其发展。近年来的研究发现,信号传导通路在肺纤维化形成过程中的作用越来越受到关注,其中p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38mitogen-activated protein kinase,p38MAPK)信号通路通过介导炎性细胞浸润、成纤维细胞增殖等参与PF的形成过程。本文就p38MAPK在PF形成过程中的作用作一综述。 相似文献
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In addition to its established role in inflammation, the stress-activated p38 MAP kinase pathway plays major roles in the regulation of cell cycle, senescence, and autophagy. Robust studies could establish mechanistic links between MAPK11-MAPK14/p38 signaling and macroautophagy converging at ATG9-trafficking and BECN1 phosphorylation. However, several reports seem to monitor MAPK11-MAPK14/p38-dependence of autophagy exclusively by the use of the SB203580/SB202190 class of MAPK14/MAPK11/p38α/β inhibitors. In this “Letter to the editor” we present data to support our claim that these inhibitors interfere with autophagic flux in a MAPK11-MAPK14/p38-independent manner and hence should no longer be used as pharmacological tools in the analysis of MAPK11-MAPK14/p38-dependence of autophagy. We propose a general guideline from Autophagy with regard to this issue to avoid such misinterpretations in the future. 相似文献
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丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(Mitogen-activated protein kinases,MAPKs)是广泛表达的丝氨酸/酪氨酸激酶,在哺乳动物细胞多种信号转导通路中起重要作用,MAPKs有3个主要家族:ERKs,JNKs和p38MAPKs.p38信号通路是MAPK通路的一重要分支,在心肌缺血再灌注的损伤中起很重要的作用,p38MAPK信号通路与心肌缺血再灌注机制都有或多或少的联系,本文就以p38MAPK在这一病理过程的研究进展做一综述. 相似文献
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《Autophagy》2013,9(2):292-293
Autophagy is induced in mammalian cells by nutrient deprivation, which acts through repression of the protein kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and may involve other unknown mechanisms. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and in particular p38 MAPK, are implicated in amino acid signalling. Furthermore, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 regulate autophagy in response to various stimuli. However, the molecular mechanisms of p38 regulation of autophagy are still widely unknown. Our recent data suggest that p38α MAPK negatively regulates the interaction of mAtg9 and a novel mAtg9 binding partner, p38IP, to control the levels of autophagy induced in response to starvation. 相似文献
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巨噬细胞免疫调变信号:Raf-1,MAPK p44,MAPK p42和p38 MAPK的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了了解巨噬细胞免疫调变机理,我们应用LPS和PMA处理小鼠抑制性巨噬细胞,观察到Ras下游信号分子Raf-1,分裂原激活蛋白激酶MAPK p44,MAPK p42和p38 MAPK均被活化,发现forskolin能增强p38 MAPK的活性,进一步提示PKC和PKA途径增强了p38 MAPK的磷酸化效应,为我们了解LPS如何激活p38 MAPK信号通路提供了一个新的机会。 相似文献
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Cecilea C. Clayton Mei Xu Charles Chavkin 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2009,284(46):31872-31881
Prior studies showed that tyrosine 12 phosphorylation in the N-terminal, cytoplasmic domain of the G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel, Kir3.1 facilitates channel deactivation by increasing intrinsic GTPase activity of the channel. Using a phosphoselective antibody directed against this residue (pY12), we now report that partial sciatic nerve ligation increased pY12-Kir3.1-immunoreactivity (ir) in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of wild-type mice, but not in mice lacking the κ-opioid receptor (KOR) or lacking the G-protein receptor kinase 3 (GRK3) genes. Treatment of AtT-20 cells stably expressing KOR-GFP with the selective KOR agonist U50,488 increased both phospho-p38-ir and pY12-Kir3.1-ir. The U50,488-induced increase in pY12-Kir3.1-ir was blocked by the p38 inhibitor SB203580. Cells expressing KOR(S369A)-GFP did not increase either phospho-p38-ir or pY12-Kir3.1-ir following U50,488 treatment. Whole cell voltage clamp of AtT-20 cells expressing KOR-GFP demonstrated that p38 activation by U50,488 reduced somatostatin-evoked Kir3 currents. This heterologous desensitization was blocked by SB203580 and was not evident in cells expressing KOR(S369A)-GFP. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Kir3.1 was likely mediated by p38 MAPK activation of Src kinase. U50,488 also increased (pY418)Src-ir; this increase was blocked by SB203580 and not evident in KOR(S369A)-GFP expressing AtT20 cells; the Src inhibitor PP2 blocked the U50,488-induced increase in pY12-Kir3.1-ir; and the heterologous desensitization of Kir3 currents was blocked by PP2. These results suggest that KOR causes phosphorylation of Y12-Kir3.1 and channel inhibition through a GRK3-, p38 MAPK- and Src-dependent mechanism. Reduced inward potassium current following nerve ligation would increase dorsal horn neuronal excitability and may contribute to the neuropathic pain response. 相似文献
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RhoA属于小G蛋白家族成员,p38MAPK属于丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶家族成员。本文从巨噬细胞、肌肉细胞、成纤维细胞、神经元和肿瘤几个方面阐述RhoA-p38MAPK信号通路的研究进展,此信号通路在细胞骨架的改变和肿瘤的发生发展方面有望成为新的研究热点。 相似文献
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目的利用原代星形胶质细胞慢性缺氧模型,探讨在缺氧状态下星形胶质细胞水通道蛋白9 (aquaporin-9, AQP9)的表达变化及其调控机制。方法将Sprague-Dawley (SD)大鼠原代星形胶质细胞随机分为对照组和缺氧损伤模型组,其中缺氧损伤模型分别缺氧12h、24h、48h、72h,共计4个时间点;采用乳酸(lactic acid,LD)和乳酸脱氢酶活性(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)试剂盒分别测定培养液中LD含量及LDH活性;运用免疫荧光法检测各组AQP9的分布及表达水平,运用免疫印迹法测定各组AQP9,HIF-1α和p38-MAPK的相对表达量。结果与对照组相比,缺氧损伤模型组细胞培养液中LD含量和LDH活性均増高,且随缺氧时间延长逐渐上升,于72h达高峰;免疫荧光结果显示,对照组中,AQP9在细胞胞膜和胞浆的表达呈弱阳性,而在缺氧组中,随着缺氧时间的延长,AQP9的表达逐渐增强;免疫印迹结果显示,与对照组相比,AQP9、HIF-1α、p-p38/p38表达逐渐増加,而给予p38抑制剂(SB203580)可以降低AQP9的表达。结论星形胶质细胞慢性缺... 相似文献
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Alotofbioactivesubstancesareproducedbymonocytes/macrophagesonthestimulationofendotoxin,alsocaledaslipopolysaccharide(LPS),wh... 相似文献